2023年新高考英语压轴题专项训练压轴题12 阅读理解CD篇语法填空读后续写（解析版）.docx

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1、压轴题12阅读理解CD篇+语法填空+读后续写（时间:60分钟满分：60分）第一节（共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分）A（2023山 东泰安统考模）How can people speak their mind without saying anything? This is a question that scientists have aimed to answer for a long time.Researchers recently brought an upgraded device that can translate users brain waves into daily

2、speech.Previously,the team led by Edward Chang at the University of California, San Francisco, developed an Al-based system that can identiiy up to 50 commonly used words based on the participants brain waves. The participant was a paralyzed （瘫痪的）man who had been implanted with 16 electrodes （电极）und

3、er his skull.According to their paper published in November, the team upgraded the system which can now translate thoughts into complete sentences on a computer screen.Their tests showed that the device could decode silently spoken letters from a 1,152-word vocabulary at a speed of about 29 characte

4、rs per minute. The accuracy was up to 94 percent. “It shows strong promise fbr restoring communication by tapping into the brains natural speech machineryJChang said to the universitys news website.However, this method can still be problematic since users still need to undergo surgery. Scientists at

5、 the University of Texas, US, have tried to translate peoples thoughts without even touching their heads, reported Live Science.The new technique is called fMRI, or functional magnetic resonance imaging （功能性磁共振成像）.Ifs a safer way of “reading“brain activity. Active brain cells have more oxygen. By tr

6、acking these cells, scientists can translate brain activity.The team asked participants to listen to 16 hours of radio shows while scanning their brains. Then they used a computer algorithm （算法）to create a story based on the fMRI recording. It matched the radio shows pretty well.Also, the algorithm

7、could basically explain the story of a silent movie that the participants watched. The team aims to develop this technology so that it can be used in brain-computer interfaces （脑机接口）designed for people who cannot speak or type.1. What do we know about the device mentioned in Para 2?A. It was implant

8、ed into a mans heart.B. It can help restore patients5 lost memory.C. It was developed through cooperation.D. It can identify about 50 rarely used words.2. How does fMRI“readpeoples minds? A. By tracking their active brain cells.B. By putting electrodes into their brains.C. By recording their reactio

9、n to radio shows.D. By matching their brain activity with their habits.3. Why is fMRI chosen compared to the first device mentioned in the story?A. It9s cheaper. B. It9s more accurate. C. IVs smaller in size. D. It,s safer.4. What can be concluded about fMRI from the last two paragraphs?A. It can on

10、ly read what participants hear.B. It can be used in brain-computer interfaces.C. It can read every detail of participants9 minds.D. It cannot work out what people imagine in their heads.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款基于人工智能系统的升级设备，研究人员用该设备可以将 人类脑电波转换成日常语言。1 .细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Previously, th

11、e team led by Edward Chang at the University of California, San Francisco, developed an Al-based system that can identify up to 50 commonly used words based on the participants brain waves. The participant was a paralyzed（瘫痪的）man who had been implanted with 16 electrodes（电极）under his skull.（此前，加州大学旧

12、金山分校的爱德华张（Edward Chang）领导的团队开发了 一种基于人工智能的系统，可以根据参与者的脑电波识别多达50个常用单词。参与者是一名瘫痪的男子， 他的头骨下被植入了 16个电极。户可知，该设备是由Edward Chang领导的团队开发出来的，是通过合作 发展起来的。故选C项。2 .细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Active brain cells have more oxygen. By tracking these cells, scientists can translate brain activity.（活跃的脑细胞有更多的氧气。通过追踪这些细胞，科学家可以翻译大脑活动。户

13、可 知，fMRI是通过追踪活跃的脑细胞去读懂人们的思想的。故选A项。3 .细节理解题。根据文章第六段“The new technique is called fMRI, or functional magnetic resonance imaging. Ifs a safer way of ttreading brain activity/这项新技术被称为fMRI,或功能性磁共振成像。这是一种更安全 的“阅读”大脑活动的方式。厂可知，该设备比之前的设备更加安全。故选D项。4 .推理判断题。根据文章最后两段Then they used a computer algorithm（算法）to cre

14、ate a story based on the fMRI recording. It matched the radio shows pretty well.（然后他们使用计算机算法根据fMRI的记录创建了一 个故事。它和参与者们听得广播节目很匹配。广以及“Also, the algorithm could basically explain the story of a silent movie that the participants watched.（此外，该算法基本上可以解释参与者观看的无声电影的故事。）The team aims to develop this technolog

15、y so that it can be used in brain-computer interfaces designed for people who cannot speak or type.（该团队的目标是开发这项技术，以便将其用于为不能说话或打字的人设计的脑机接 口。厂可知，它可以用于脑机接口。故选B项。B（2023山 东泰安统考一模）Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep employees from working well.

16、 One survey of 76 companies found that productivity was 71 percent higher when meetings were reduced by 40 percent. Unnecessary meetings waste $37 billion in salary hours a year in the U.S. alone.Many meetings occur without a specific reason. Another motive for meetings is what some scholars call th

17、e Mere Urgency effect, in which we engage in tasks such as a meeting where each person recites what theyre working on, whether others need that information or not - to help us feel like we are accomplishing something actual.But the real problem with meetings is not lack of productivity its unhappine

18、ss. When meetings are a waste of time, job satisfaction declines. And when job satisfaction declines, happiness in general falls. Thus, for a large population, eliminating meetings - or at least minimizing them is one of the most straightforward ways to increase well-being.Nobody likes excessive and

19、 unproductive meetings. First, they generally increase fatigue. You have probably experienced a day of meetings, after which you are exhausted and haven9t accomplished much. Second, people tend to engage in surface acting” （faking emotions that are deemed appropriate） during work meetings. Finally,

20、researchers have found that the strongest predictor of meeting effectiveness is active involvement by the participants. If you are asking yourself, Why am I here?” you are not likely to think that the meeting is a good use of your time - which is obviously bad for your work satisfaction.Taken togeth

21、er, the research on meetings shows that if you want to be happier at work （or want your employees to be happier）, you should fight against the time-consuming, unproductive meetings at every opportunity. If there is one rule to remember about work meetings, it might be that they are a necessary evil.

22、 They are necessary as organizations need them for proper communication, but they are evil in that they are not irreplaceable, and should thus be used as little as possible for the sake of productivity and happiness.5 . Why does the author mention the survey in Para 1 ?A. To explain the survey.B. To

23、 introduce the topic.C. To stress the importance of meeting.D. To state the disadvantage of meeting.6 . Which of the following best explains “eliminating underlined in Para 3?A. Reducing.B. Hosting.C. Increasing.D. Avoiding.7 . What is mainly talked about in Para 4?A. How to increase peoples job sat

24、isfaction.8 . The importance and necessity of minimizing meetings.9 . Why excessive and unproductive meetings lower job satisfaction.10 Active involvement by the participants indicates meeting effectiveness.8 . Which is the most suitable title for the text?A. Work meetings - A necessary evilB , Work

25、 meetings - The less, the betterC. Work meetings The more, the betterD. Work meetings - Excessive and unproductive【答案】5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为很多工作会议是在浪费时间，影响工作效率。关于会议的研究表明， 如果你想在工作中更快乐或想让你的员工更快乐，你应该利用一切机会反对耗时、低效的会议。5 .推理判断题。根据第一段“Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and th

26、at might be because most meetings keep employees from working well. One survey of 76 companies found that productivity was 71 percent higher when meetings were reduced by 40 percent. Unnecessary meetings waste $37 billion in salary hours a year in the U.S.alone.（许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为大多数会议会影响员工的工 作。一

27、项对76家公司的调查发现，当会议减少40%时，工作效率会提高71%。仅在美国，不必要的会议 每年就浪费370亿美元的付薪时间广可推断，作者是用这个调查数据去引出并支持文章的主题句：Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep employees from working well。故选 B 项。6 .词句猜测题。根据划线词上一句When meetings are a waste of timejob satisfaction declines.

28、And when job satisfaction declines, happiness in general falls.（当会议被视为浪费时间时，工作满意度就会下降。当工作满 意度下降时，幸福感也普遍下降户可知，浪费时间的工作会议会降低员工的工作满足感，从而又降低了幸 福感，工作时心情不好，工作效率也会降低。结合下一句“or at least minimizing them一is one of the most straightforward ways to increase well-being.（或者至少把会议减到最少是提高幸福感最直接的方法之 一广。由此推断，“eliminatin

29、g”应该是“取消，避免 浪费时间没什么意义的工作会议就别开了，与“avoiding” 意思相近。故选D项。7 .主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Nobody likes excessive and unproductive meetings.（没有人喜欢过多和没有 成效的会议）“可知人们不喜欢过多的低效的会议，下文“First, they generally increase fatigue. You have probably experienced a day of meetings, after which you are exhausted and havent accomplished

30、much. Second, people tend to engage in surface acting,（faking emotions that are deemed appropriate） during work meetings. Finally, researchers have found that the strongest predictor of meeting effectiveness is active involvement by the participants.（首先，它们通常会增加疲劳。你可能经历过一天的会议，会议结束后你筋疲力尽，没有完成 多少。其次，人们

31、在工作会议上倾向于“表面表现”（假装被认为合适的情绪）。最后，研究人员发现，会议 有效性的最强预测因素是参与者的积极参与）”介绍了三个原因解释这样的会议会降低工作满足感，所以本 段主要讲的是为什么过多和低效的会议会降低工作满意度。故选c项。8 .主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings ke印employees from working well.（许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为 大多数会议会影响员工的工作

32、）”及最后一段“If there is one rule to remember about work meetings, it might be that they are a necessary evil.They are necessary as organizations need them for proper communication, but they are evil in that they are not irreplaceable,and should thus be used as little as possible for the sake of producti

33、vity and happiness.（如果有一条关于工作会议的规则需要记住，那就是会议是必要之恶。它们是必要的，因为 组织需要它们进行适当的沟通，但它们是邪恶的，因为它们不是不可替代的，因此为了生产力和幸福，应 该尽可能少使用）”可知，作者认为很多工作会议是浪费时间，会降低工作效率，并建议越少越好。所以“Work meetings 一The less, the better.（工作会议越少越好）”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）（2023春四川成都高三石室中学校考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词 的正确形式。With jus

34、t over 600 days 9 （go） until the opening of the next Olympic and Paralympic Games, the official mascots of Paris 2024 一 the Phryges 10 （reveal） on November 14th 2022.The two mascots share a motto of “Alone we go 11 （fast）, but together we go ftirther”, and the Olympic Phryge is described as a tactic

35、ian （谋士）with a calculating, mathematical brain”，while the Paralympic Phryge is spontaneous and full of energy and 12 （enthusiastic）. The mascots, 13 （base） on Phrygian caps, are a symbol of revolution and freedom. Its an icon seen over centuries, 14 the Notre Dame Cathedral to the Eiffel Tower. They

36、 are mascots who embody the French spirit. They are ideals that carry the values of our country, a part of our history 15 a singular point of view on the world/ said JulieMatikhine, the brand manager of the Paris 2024 Games. Both the Olympic Phryge and Paralympic Phryge are on a mission to start a r

37、evolution in sport, showing the world that sport can change everything and 16 it deserves 17 prominent place in our society. They will work every day to promote change through sport, including in our lives, health, and relationships with others and with nature. They are already training 18 (tireless

38、) to bring the greatest number of people possible along with them on the Games journey.【答案】9. to go 10. were revealed 11. faster 12. enthusiasm 13. based 14. from15. and 16. that 17. a 18. tirelessly【导语】本文是一篇新闻稿。文章主要介绍了巴黎2024年奥运会和残奥会于2022年11月14日公布了“弗 里热(ThePhryges)”作为官方吉祥物。9 .考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年11月14日，

39、距离下届奥运会和残奥会开幕只有600多天的时间，2024 年巴黎奥运会的官方吉祥物Phryges”揭晓。设空处为非谓语动词，和with构成复合结构，根据后文“2024” 可知本空表示将来。故填to go。10 .考查时态语态。句意：同上。根据后文“on November 14th 2022”可知用一般过去时态；表示“被揭示” 用被动语态；主语mascots为复数，故填were revealedo11 .考查副词比较级。句意：两个吉祥物的格言都是“一个人走得更快，但是大家一起走得更远”，奥运会 吉祥物被描述为“一个拥有精于计算和数学头脑的战术家”,而残奥会吉祥物则是“自发的，充满活力和热情 根据

40、后文“further”和句意可知用比较级。故填faster。12 .考查名词。句意：同上。此处用enthusiastic的名词形式与energy并列作is full of的宾语。故填enthusiasm。13 .考查非谓语动词。句意：吉祥物以弗里吉亚帽子为原型，象征着革命和自由。设空处为非谓语动词， 短语be based on意为“以为根据”，因此此处用过去分词结构“based on”作定语。故填basedo14 .考查介词。句意：从巴黎圣母院到埃菲尔铁塔，几个世纪以来，它都是一个标志性建筑。固定搭配fhrni to”，意为“从到”，符合句意。故填from。15 .考查连词。句意：这些理想承载

41、着我们国家的价值观，是我们历史的一部分，也是我们看待世界的独 特视角，”巴黎2024年奥运会的品牌经理朱莉马蒂凯因。ulie mat汰ine)说。分析可知,the values of our country, a part of our history a singular point of view 为并列关系,应用连词 and 连接。故填 and。16 .考查宾语从句。句意：奥运会和残奥会的使命都是开启一场体育革命，向世界展示体育可以改变一切， 它应该在我们的社会中占有突出的地位。分析可知设空连接宾语从句，和前面的that从句为并列的宾语从 句，第二个引导词that不能省略。故填that。

42、17 .考查冠词。句意：同上。此处泛指“一个重要的位置“且prominent以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。 故填a。18 .考查副词。句意：他们已经在不知疲倦地训练，以便在奥运之旅中为尽可能多的人提供服务。此处用 副词tirelessly修饰谓语动词are training,表示“不知疲倦地”。故填tirelesslyo 第三节（共25分）19 .（2023湖北华中师大一附中校考二模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之 构成一篇完整的短文。The boys and girls picked up the bus to Fort Lauderdale. Vingo was

43、on board from the beginning.As the bus passed through Jersey, they began to notice that Vingo never moved. He sat in front of the young people, frozen into silence.Somewhere outside of Washington, the bus pulled into a Howard Johnsons, and everybody got off except Vingo. He sat rooted in his seat, a

44、nd the young people began to wonder about him, trying to imagine his life. When they went back to the bus, the girl sat beside him and introduced herself.“Want some wine?” she said. He smiled and took the bottle. He thanked her and retreated again into silence. After a while, she went back to the ot

45、hers, as Vingo nodded into sleep.In the morning they awoke outside another Howard Johnsons, and this time Vingo went in. The girl insisted that he join them. When they went back on the bus, the girl sat with Vingo again, after a while, slowly and painfully and with great hesitation, he began to tell

46、 his story. He had been in jail in New York for the last four years, and now he was going home.“When I was in jail I wrote to my wife/9 he said. I told her, I understand if you cant stay married to me, get a new guy and forget about me. And she didnt write to me. Not for three and a half years.”“And

47、 youre going home now, not knowing?”“Yeah,“ he said shyly. Last week, I wrote her. I told her that if she had a new guy, I under-stood. But if she didnt, if she would take me back she should let me know. We used to live in Brunswick, with a great big oak tree. I told her if she would take me back, s

48、he should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree, and I would get off and come home. If she didnt want me, forget it, no handkerchief, and Id keep going on.Wow, the girl said. Wow.She told the others, and soon all of them were in it, caught up in the approach of Brunswick, looking at the pictures Vin

49、go showed them of his wife and three children.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Paragraph 1 Now they were twenty miles from Brunswick.Paragraph 2 Then suddenly all of the young people were up out of their seats.【答案Now they were twenty miles from Brunswick. And the young people took over window seats on the right side, waiting for th