高考状语从句考点复习要点中学教育高考英语_中学教育-高考.pdf

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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 高 考 状 语 从 句 考 点 复习 一 状语从句高考的考查特点 1.试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点(不同性质的连词;定语从句和名词性从句的干扰 2.题干句的情景化增强,句意理解难度提高 二能力要求：1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词 2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际.3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的用法区别.三 状语从句的定义、功能、分类 定义：在复合句中作状语的从句 功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句 分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、

2、比较、让步等状语从句。从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。常见考点：考点一、主句与从句的时态呼应问题；考点二、连接词的选择（注意区别几组连接词：while/as/when 引导时间状语从句；because/since/as/for 引导原因状语从句；if/unless 引导条件状语从句；sothat/suchthat 引导结果状语从句等）；考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换；考点四、状语从句的倒装结构（hardly/scarcelywhen；no soonerthan 等）考点五、根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词；2.根据

3、从属连词的词义。四、分类：状语从句按其作用可分为九类。学习必备 欢迎下载 1时间状语从句 常见的从属连词有：(注意其汉语意义 when,while,as,before,after,since,until(till once as soon as,the moment,the minute,immediately,directly,each/every time,the first time,the last time,next time,by the time,whenever 等。例如：Every/Each time I was in trouble,he would come to my

4、help.I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.注意：（1）when,while,as 的区别：1when 引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如：When I got to the airport,the plane had already taken off.（主先从后）（短暂性）When I lived there,I used to go to the seaside on Sundays.(同时（持续性）When the movie ended,the pe

5、ople went back.（从先主后）2while 侧重主从句动作的对比，且从句的动词必须是持续性的。如：While we were chatting she was looking at the time table on the wall 3as 引导从句时侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行，从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如：Sometimes I watch TV as I am having breakfast 4）when 和 while 还可以是并列连词，意分别为“就在这时”，“然而”。eg.I was having a rest on the sofa when t

6、he telephone rang They were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they couldnt.注：并列连词 when 常用与以下句型中：was/were doingwhen（正在做突然）was/were about to dowhen（刚要做突然）was/were on the point of doingwhen(刚要做突然 had just donewhen.(刚一就 Hardly/Scarcely haddonewhen(刚一就(2before 引导从句时,词义非常灵活，注意下列句子中的

7、 before 的词义：质的连词定语从句和名词性从句的干扰题干句的情景化增强句意理解难度提高二能力要求了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词或整个主句分类按意义可分为时间地点原因目的结果条件方式比较步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首也可放在句末放在句首时从句后面常用一个逗号放在句末时从句前一般不用逗因状语从句引导条件状语从句引导结果状语从句等考点三状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换考点四状语从句的倒装结构等考点五根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词根据从属连词的词义四分类

8、状语从句按其作用可分为九类学习学习必备 欢迎下载 .Before I could get in a word,the tailor had measured me.(还没来得及就 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.(还没就.We had sailed 4 days before we saw land.(才.Please write it down before you forget it.(趁还没就(3till(until 和 nottill(until till(until:主句谓语动词必须是持续性的，意思是“到为止“如：He remaine

9、d there till/until she arrived.nottill(until:主句谓语动词必须是短暂性的，意思是“直到才”如：She wont go to bed till/until he returns home.notuntil 还有强调式和倒装式：强调句：It is not until he returns home that she will go to bed.倒装句：Not until he returns home will she go to bed.(4 几个极易混淆的时间状语从句：It was+时间点+when（当的时候时间是）It was 5 am when

10、 we arrived at the village.It was/will be+时间段+before(没过就过了才 It was/will be two weeks before we met/meet again.It is/has been+时间段+since（自从以来有）It is/has been 3 years since we last met.突破点：一看 be 动词的时态，二看时间段还是时间点。注意：在“It is/has been+时间段+since”句型中，从句的动词必须是短暂性的，如果是延续性的动词，时间要从从句的动作结束时算起。如：It is 3 years sin

11、ce I smoked.(我戒烟有三年了 2条件状语从句 常见的从属连词有：if,unless,as/so long as,as/so far as,on condition that,in case(万一,the more,the more 等。如：As/So far as I can see(am concerned,it will be impossible for them to finish the task.The more books you read,the happier you will feel(前面为从句 质的连词定语从句和名词性从句的干扰题干句的情景化增强句意理解难度

12、提高二能力要求了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词或整个主句分类按意义可分为时间地点原因目的结果条件方式比较步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首也可放在句末放在句首时从句后面常用一个逗号放在句末时从句前一般不用逗因状语从句引导条件状语从句引导结果状语从句等考点三状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换考点四状语从句的倒装结构等考点五根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词根据从属连词的词义四分类状语从句按其作用可分为九类学习学习必备 欢迎下载 3原因状语从句 常见的从属连词有：be

13、cause,since,now that,as 等。注意 because,since,as 的区别：）why 的语气最强，它引导的从句比主句更重要，从句的位置可前可后；例外回答 why 的问句必须使用 because。如：-Why were you absent from the meeting yesterday?-Because I was ill.2since和 now that 意为“既然”，语气仅次于 because,从句的位置一般在前面。Since everybody is here,lets begin our meeting 3as 的语气比 since 更弱，意思是“由于”，

14、从句的位置可前可后。如：As you didnt turn up at yesterdays get-together,we missed you very much ）*for 也有“因为”之意，但 for 是并列连词常用来来补充说明原因或用来表示推断的依据，前面常带逗号。如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet 4让步状语从句 常见的从属连词有：though,although,as,even if/though,no matter wh-，wh-ever,whetheror 等。如：However late/No matt

15、er how late he is,his family will wait for him to have dinner together.Child as he is,he knows a lot.(as 引导的让步状语从句必须倒装 Whether it is fine or not,I will go boating 5地点状语从句 常见的从属连词有：*where,wherever 等。如：Put the book where it is 6比较状语从句 常见的从属连词有：*asas,*not so(asas,*than 等。注意：(1 在表达倍数时，可用三种句型：1A倍数比较级than

16、 B 如：This building is twice taller than that one 2A倍数as 原级 asB 如：This building is three times as tall as that one 3A倍数the size(height,weight,length etc of B 如：This building is three times the size of that one 质的连词定语从句和名词性从句的干扰题干句的情景化增强句意理解难度提高二能力要求了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系从而能够使

17、用恰当的连词完成交际从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词或整个主句分类按意义可分为时间地点原因目的结果条件方式比较步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首也可放在句末放在句首时从句后面常用一个逗号放在句末时从句前一般不用逗因状语从句引导条件状语从句引导结果状语从句等考点三状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换考点四状语从句的倒装结构等考点五根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词根据从属连词的词义四分类状语从句按其作用可分为九类学习学习必备 欢迎下载 (2 三种句型变式：倍数more名词than 倍数as many/much 名词as Americans eat more than twice as ma

18、ny vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.It is reported that the United States uses twice as much energy as the whole of Europe.7方式状语从句 常见的从属连词有：as,as if/though 等 注意：as if/though 引导的从句常用虚拟语气，表示非真实情况 He talks about the moon as if he had been there(从句动作先发生 She treated the boy as if he were/w

19、as her own child(主从句动作同时发生 8目的状语从句 常见的从属连词有：so that,that,in order that，in case(以免,for fear that，lest（以免）等。如：Most students go to college(so that they can be engineers,teachers or chemists 注意：从句中的情态动词 can,could,may,might 等提示为目的状语从句 9结果状语从句 常见的从属连词有：sothat,suchthat,so that 等。如：He earned so little money

20、 that he couldnt support his family.It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.Tom studied very hard so that he passed the exam.五、用法灵活的 as,when,while 引导的状语从句 1.as 可以引导时间、原因、让步、比较和方式等 5 种状语从句。2.when 可以引导时间、条件和原因等 3 种状语从句。How can we explain it to you when(=if you wont listen.It was foo

21、lish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in 5 minutes 3.while 可以引导时间、让步、条件和原因等 4 种状语从句。While(=Though I like the color of the hat,I dont like its shape.While(=As long as there is life there is hope.质的连词定语从句和名词性从句的干扰题干句的情景化增强句意理解难度提高二能力要求了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑

22、关系从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词或整个主句分类按意义可分为时间地点原因目的结果条件方式比较步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首也可放在句末放在句首时从句后面常用一个逗号放在句末时从句前一般不用逗因状语从句引导条件状语从句引导结果状语从句等考点三状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换考点四状语从句的倒装结构等考点五根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词根据从属连词的词义四分类状语从句按其作用可分为九类学习学习必备 欢迎下载 -Im going to the post office.While(=Since you are there,can you get me

23、some stamps?六、状语从句的省略当时间、条件、让步、方式和比较状语从句的主语与主句一致或为 it 或 there 且谓语动词含 be 动词时，从句中的主语和谓语可以一起省去。如：Dont speak until spoken to.(省略了 you are I have no money.If any,I will lend you some.(省略了 there is Though cold,he still wore a shirt.(省略了 it was Some flowers shut up at night as if to sleep.(省略了 they were 七、

24、状语从句与定语从句的转换 1Make marks where you have questions(地点状语从句 Make marks at the places where you have questions(定语从句 2It is such an advanced theory that few people understand it.(结果状语从句 It is such an advanced theory as few people u nderstand(定语从句 巩固练习 1 _,his idea was accepted by all the people at the me

25、eting.(2007 重庆 A.Strange as might it sound B.B.As it might sound strange C.As strange it might sound D.Strange as it might sound 2._ tomorrow,our ship will set sail for Macao.(2007 上海春 A.However the weather is like B.However is the weather like C.Whatever is the weather like D.Whatever the weather i

26、s like 质的连词定语从句和名词性从句的干扰题干句的情景化增强句意理解难度提高二能力要求了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词或整个主句分类按意义可分为时间地点原因目的结果条件方式比较步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首也可放在句末放在句首时从句后面常用一个逗号放在句末时从句前一般不用逗因状语从句引导条件状语从句引导结果状语从句等考点三状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换考点四状语从句的倒装结构等考点五根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词根据从属连词的词义四分类状语从句按

27、其作用可分为九类学习学习必备 欢迎下载 3._,he talks a lot about his favourite singers after class.(2005重庆 A.A quiet student as he may be B.Quiet student as he may be C.Be a quiet student as he may D.Quiet as he may be a student 4._ he has limited technical knowledge,the old worker has a lot of experience.(2006 全国 1 A.

28、Since B.Unless C.As D.Although 5._,I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.(2004 上海春 A.However the story is amusing B.No matter amusing the story is C.However amusing the story is D.No matter how the story is amusing 6-I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident.-_,lets

29、go and see him.A.Whats more B.If so C.Where possible D.When necessary 7 A beam of light will not bend round unless_ to do so with the help of a reflecting device.A.having been made B.being made C.made D.you make 8 Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent patients do not take drugs _

30、 directed.A.like B.so C.which D.as 答案：DDBDCBCD 条件状语从句 质的连词定语从句和名词性从句的干扰题干句的情景化增强句意理解难度提高二能力要求了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词或整个主句分类按意义可分为时间地点原因目的结果条件方式比较步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首也可放在句末放在句首时从句后面常用一个逗号放在句末时从句前一般不用逗因状语从句引导条件状语从句引导结果状语从句等考点三状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换考点四状

31、语从句的倒装结构等考点五根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词根据从属连词的词义四分类状语从句按其作用可分为九类学习学习必备 欢迎下载 条件状语从句常见连词：if 表示正面条件“如果”，unless表示反面条件，“如果不”，还有一组意思非常相近的连词：provided，suppose，as long as，incase，on condition that，表示“只要，假如，假使，在条件下”等意思。条件状语从句一般考查三点：1 在条件状语从句中常用一般时表示将要发生的动作。(如 2004 吉林 27 题 2if，unless，incase 是考查重点。3when 还可表条件，这一点不可忽视。意思是

32、：既然，考虑到。如：How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television？他们把所有空闲的时间都用来看电视了，还能学到什么东西呢？2004-2006年各省市高考共考查八次：1._you call me to say youre not coming，Ill see you at the theatre.(2004 吉林 27 A.Though B.Whether C.Until D.Unless 2.-What would you do if it _ tomorrow？-We

33、have to carry it on，since weve got everything ready.(2005全国 I9 A.rain B.rains C.will rain D.is raining 3.You must keep on working in the evening_you are sure you can finish the task in time.(2005 安徽 22 A.as B.if C.when D.unless 4._youve tried it，you cant imagine how pleasant it is.(2006 北京 33 A.Unle

34、ss B.Because C.Although D.When 5.In time of serious accidents，_we know some basic things about first aid，we can save lives.(2006 重庆 23 A.whether B.until C.if D.unless 6.We wont keep winning games_we keep playing well.(2006浙江 2 A.because B.unless C.when D.while 7._environmental damages is done，it tak

35、es many years for the ecosystem to recover.(2006 江苏 31 A.Even if B.If only C.While D.Once 质的连词定语从句和名词性从句的干扰题干句的情景化增强句意理解难度提高二能力要求了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词或整个主句分类按意义可分为时间地点原因目的结果条件方式比较步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首也可放在句末放在句首时从句后面常用一个逗号放在句末时从句前一般不用逗因状语从句引导条

36、件状语从句引导结果状语从句等考点三状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换考点四状语从句的倒装结构等考点五根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词根据从属连词的词义四分类状语从句按其作用可分为九类学习学习必备 欢迎下载 8.How can you expect to learn anything_you never listen？(2006 山东 31 A.in case B.even if C.unless D.when 让步状语从句 让步状语从句的连词有：thoughalthough“尽管”，even ifeven though“即使”，no matter how(what，when，which，who

37、，where，however(whatever，whenever，whichever，whoever，wherever“无论”，as“尽管”。注意：1.although 与 though 可互换，都可以与 yet，still 或 nevertheless 连用，但不能和 but 连用。2.Asthough 从句放在主句之首，须用倒装语序。3However 引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词。(此点考查频率最高。4.While 也可引导让步状语从句，这一点特容易被考生忽视。(但 2004 江苏 23 题却涉及这一考点5.Whatever 修饰名词，“无论什么”，however 修饰形容词、副词

38、，“无论多么，无论怎么”。6.even ifeven though(即使与 as ifas though(好像这两组学生容易混淆，也是出题者关注的对象，平时要记准含义。(2005 湖南 23 让步状语从句详讲 一、whatever，whoever，wherever，whenever，however 等引导的让步状语从句。这类词引导的让步状语从句可以和 no matter what/who/where/when/how等引导的让步状语从句换用，意为“无论，都”。解这一类题目时，要注意连词在让步状语从句中所作的句子成分，另外，还要注意从句的语序。例如：1._tomorrow，our ship wi

39、ll set sail for Macao.（2007 上海春）A.However the weather is like B.However is the weather like C.Whatever is the weather like D.Whatever the weather is like 2.This is a very interesting book.Ill buy it _.（2006 陕西）A.how much may it cost B.no matter how it may cost C.however much it may cost D.how may it

40、 cost 3.The old tower must be saved，_the cost.（2005 浙江）A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever 4.He tried his best to solve the problem，_difficult it was.（2005 天津）A.however B.no matter C.whateverD.although 质的连词定语从句和名词性从句的干扰题干句的情景化增强句意理解难度提高二能力要求了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系从而能够

41、使用恰当的连词完成交际从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词或整个主句分类按意义可分为时间地点原因目的结果条件方式比较步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首也可放在句末放在句首时从句后面常用一个逗号放在句末时从句前一般不用逗因状语从句引导条件状语从句引导结果状语从句等考点三状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换考点四状语从句的倒装结构等考点五根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词根据从属连词的词义四分类状语从句按其作用可分为九类学习学习必备 欢迎下载 5._，I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.（2004上海春）

42、A.However the story is amusing B.No matter amusing the story is C.However amusing the story is D.No matter how the story is amusing 6.You should try to get a good nights sleep _much work you h ave to do.（2004 湖北）A.however B.no matter C.although D.whatever Keys:DCBACA 二、although/though 引导的让步状语从句 alth

43、ough 和 though 引导让步状语从句时意为“尽管，虽然”，二者一般可以换用。要注意 although 和 though 不能和 but 连用，但可以和 yet 或 still 连用。例如：1.We had to wait half an hour _we had already booked a table.（2007 辽宁）A.sinceB.althoughC.until D.before 2._he has limited technical knowledge，the old worker has a lot of experience.（2006 全国 I）A.Since B.

44、unless C.AsD.Although Keys:BD 三、even if/even though 引导的让步状语从句。even if/even though 意为“即使，尽管”，引导的让步状语从句的内容既可以是事实，也可以是一种假设。例如：1.Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice，_ they knew it to be valuable.（2007 浙江）A.as if B.now that C.even though D.so that 2.There was never any time for Kate to feel lone

45、ly，_she was an only child.（2005 辽宁）A.ever since B.now that C.even though D.even as 质的连词定语从句和名词性从句的干扰题干句的情景化增强句意理解难度提高二能力要求了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词或整个主句分类按意义可分为时间地点原因目的结果条件方式比较步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首也可放在句末放在句首时从句后面常用一个逗号放在句末时从句前一般不用逗因状语从句引导条件状语从句引导

46、结果状语从句等考点三状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换考点四状语从句的倒装结构等考点五根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词根据从属连词的词义四分类状语从句按其作用可分为九类学习学习必备 欢迎下载 3.Allow children the space to voice their opinions，_they are different from your own.（2005 湖南）A.until B.even if C.unlessD.as though Keys:CCB 四、as 引导的让步状语从句。as 引导让步状语从句时，意为“尽管，虽然”，从句多位于主句之前，而且必须使用倒装语序。通常如果

47、从句中有形容词或名词作表语，则把表语置于句首，而且名词前要省略冠词；如果从句中有修饰动词的副词，则将该副词置于句首；如果从句中有情态动词，则将情态动词后的动词原形置于句首。例如：1._，his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.（2007 重庆）A.Strange as might it sound B.As it might sound strange C.As strange it might sound D.Strange as it might sound 2._，Carolina couldnt get the do

48、or open.（2005 广东）A.Try as she might B.As she might try C.She might as try D.Might she as try 3._，he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.（2005 重庆）A.A quiet student as he may be B.Quiet student as he may be C.Be a quiet student as he may D.Quiet as he may be a student Keys:DAB 五、while 引

49、导的让步状语从句。while 引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”，相当于 although。例如：1._I really dont like art，I find his work impressive.（2007 山东）AAs BSince CIf DWhile 2._I accept that he is not perfect，I do actually like the person.（2004 江苏）A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless 质的连词定语从句和名词性从句的干扰题干句的情景化增强句意理解难度提高二能力要求了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中

50、经常使用的连词能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词或整个主句分类按意义可分为时间地点原因目的结果条件方式比较步等状语从句从句的位置放在句首也可放在句末放在句首时从句后面常用一个逗号放在句末时从句前一般不用逗因状语从句引导条件状语从句引导结果状语从句等考点三状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换考点四状语从句的倒装结构等考点五根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词根据从属连词的词义四分类状语从句按其作用可分为九类学习学习必备 欢迎下载 3._modeling business is by no means easy to g