高考英语总复习Unit2Cloning课时作业（含解析）新人教版选修8.docx

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1、Unit2 Cloning。I.阅读理解AEverypetownerloveshispet. Thereisnoargumenthere.Butwhenweaskedourreaderswhethertheywouldclonetheirbelovedanimals, therespons esweresplitalmostdownthemiddle. 0fthe228readerswhoansweredit, 108wouldclone, 11Iwo uldnotandnineweighedeachsidewithoutofferinganopinion.Clearly, fromreade

2、rs response, thisisanissuethatreachesdeeplyintoboththejoya ndeventualsadnessofowningapet. Itspeaks, aswell, topeople swidelydifferingexpecta tionsoverthedevelopingscientificprocedure.Mostoftherespondentswhofavouredtheideastronglybelieveditwouldproduceatleast aclosecopyoftheoriginal;manyfelttheproces

3、swouldactuallyreturnanexactcopy. Thoseo ntheotherside, however, heldlittlehopethataclonecouldnevertrulyrecreateapet, andma nysimplydidn twishtogoagainstthenaturallawoflifeanddeath.“ thedog/catintheworld ” .Theythoughtoftheirpetsastheir “ bestfriend ” , , amemberofthefamily ” , uthelightofmylifev . T

4、heytoldmovingstoriesofpets heroism, intelligenceandselfie ssdevotion.Littlewonderedthelossissodisturbing, andthecloningissoattractive.Peoplebecomeveryclosetotheiranimals, andthelosscanbejustashardtobearaswhenafri endorfamilymemberdies, “ say sGaryKowalsk i, authorof Goodbye, Friend: healingwisdomfor

5、anyonewhohaseverlostape t. ” Forme,cloningfeelslikeanattempttoturndeathaway It sunderstandable. Deathisalwayspainful. It sdifficulttodealwith. It shardtoac cept. ”Butwouldcloningreducetheblow?Thisquestionseemedtobeattheheartofthisproblem.1. SofarastheeIoningofpetsisconcerned, arecentsurveyshowsthat,

6、 ofallpetowners,2. Whiletalkingabouttheresponsesfromthereaders, theexpression eventualsadnessofowningapet refersto.C. thedeathofone spet3. FromwhatGaryKowalski says, wecanknowthathe.4. Whatisthekeyquestionattheheartoftheproblemofcloningpets?A. Cancloningmakethepainonesufferslesswhenapetdies?B. Canpe

7、townersaffordthecostofcloning?C. Doescloninggoagainstthelawofnature?D. Howreliablydoescloningproduceanexactcopyofone spet?BChinesescientistsrecentlyhaveproducedtwomonkeyswiththesamegene, ZhongZhongan dHuaHua, usingthesametechniquethatgaveusDollythesheep. Thesemonkeysarenotactually thefirstprimates （

8、灵长类 ）tobecloned. AnotheronenamedTetrawasproducedinthelatel990sbyembryo（ 胚 胎）splitting, thedivisionofanearly-stageembryointotwoorfourseparatecellstomakecl ones. Bycontrast, theywereeachmadebyreplacinganeggcelInucleus（原子withDNAfromadifferentiatedbodycell. ThisDollymethod, knownassomaticce1Inuc1ear tra

9、nsfer（SCNT）, cancreatemoreclonesandallowsresearchersgreatercontrolovertheedit stheymaketotheDNA.Successcamefromadoptingseveralnewtechniques. Theseincludedanewtypeofmicrosco pytobetterviewthecellsduringhandlingorusingseveralmaterialsthatencouragecellrep rogramming, whichhadn tbeentriedbeforeonprimate

10、s. Still, theresearchprocessproved difficult, andmanyattemptsbytheteamfailed. Justtwohealthybabymonkeyswerebornfromm orethan60testedmothers. Thisleadstomanyresearchers pouringwateronthcideathatthe team sresultsbringscientistsclosertocloninghumans. Theythoughtthisworkisnotaste ppingstonetoestabiishin

11、gmethodsforobtaininglivebornhumancIones. Instead, thisclea rlyremainsaveryfoolishthingtoattempt. Itwouldbefartooinefficient, fartoounsafe, an ditisalsopointless.Butthescientistsinvolvedemphasizethatthisisnottheirgoal. Thereisnownobarrier forcloningprimatespecies, thuscloninghumansisclosertoreality.

12、However, theirresear chpurposeisentirelyforproducingnon-humanprimatemodelsforhumandiseases;theyabsol utelyhavenointention, andsocietywillnotpermitthisworktobeextendedtohumans. Despit elimitations, theytreatthisbreakthroughasanovelmodelsystemforscientistsstudyingh umanbiologyanddisease. 5. Whatdowekn

13、owaboutthetechnologycalledSCNT? A. Itcreatedthefirsttwoprimates. B. ItmaycontributetoeditingtheDNA. C. Itcandivideanearly-stageembryointoseveralcelIs. D. Itproducedtwoclonedmonkeyswithdifferentgenes.Upouringwaterontheideav inParagraph2?A. Keepingahottopicofit.B. Havingalowopinionofit.C. Attachingnoi

14、mportancetoit.D. Addingsupportiveevidencetoit.A. Whatisthescientists purposetoclonethesemonkeys?A. Tohelpwiththestudyofhumandiseases.B. Toserveasasteppingstonetotheirreputation.C. Topreparefortheirresearchonhumancloning.D. Toraisemoneyforholdinganexhibitionofnovels.8. Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.

15、 Newtechniquesseemtobepointless.B. Cloninghumansisalreadyonitsway.C. Societywon tagreetocloneanothermonkey.D. Thesuccessrateofcloningamonkeywasnothigh.aII .语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theworld-knownSilkRoadacrosstheEurasianContinentisafriendshipbridgel.(link) theEuropeanandAsianpeople. Itiso

16、neofthemostimportantthemetouristroutesinth eworldandthemost2.(value)touristproductsinChina. FromthetimeZhangQian3. (open)uptheworld-famousSilkRoadduringtheHanDynasty, untilthecollapseoftheYuanDyn asty, itenjoyed4.historyofaboutl, 600years.SilkRoadwith5.(it)2, OOOyears historyhaswitnessedthehistorica

17、lchangesandtheprogressofcultural6.(exchange)betweenChinaandtheWesterncountries. ThesectioninChina, manyethniccultur es7.(include), isalsoasajadebelt. ThepeopleoftheseethnicgroupssuchasMongolians, Huis, U ygurs, Hazakshavemaintainedtheiruniquetraditionsandcultures, livinghabitsandrelig iousbeliefs, 8

18、.formthesouloftheSilkRoadandattractmanytouriststovisit. Infact, 9.theSilkRoadinthenorth-westofChina, thereareanothertwotraderoadsinthesouth-westof Chinaandbysea, whichalsocontributelO. SouthernSiIkRoad ” andthe“SilkRoadontheSea” .em.短文改错Dearjoy,Howareyoudoing?Hereisanexcitingnewsforyou. Therewillbea

19、ninventioncompetitioninourschoolinthe20thof0ctober. However, thereisaruletheparticipantsshallbeinagroup. ButI dliketoinviteyoutobemypartners.tocontrollingthetemperatureofthewearer.Howdoyouthinkofmysuggestion?Lookingforwardtoyoureply.Yours,ZhangXin课时作业(三十七)I .A【文章大意】本文一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了是否要克隆已逝的心爱的宠物的话题。1

20、.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 “0fthe228readerswhoansweredit, 108wouldclone, 11Iwouldnotandnineweighedeachsidew ithoutofferinganopinion. ”可知，对于克隆宠物的问题,研究表明，宠物拥有者中，反对者和 赞成者大概各占一半,故选Do2 . C推理判断题。根据对第三段和全文的整体理解可推知,这种终级痛苦是指心爱的宠物的 死亡，故选C。3 .B推理判断题。 根据倒数第二段中*Forme, cloningfeel si ikeanattempttoturndeathawayIt sunders

21、tandable. Deathisalwayspainful. It sdifficulttodealwith. It shardtoac cept. 可推知,GaryKowalski是支持克隆宠物的，故选B。4. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Butwouldcloningreducetheblow?可知，问题的 核心是克隆宠物这种做法是否会让失去宠物的人减少一些痛苦,故选Ao blow打击。B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。被称作SCNT的高科技有助于编辑DNA。本文中科学 家们克隆这些猴子的目的是帮助研究人类疾病。5.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“ThisDollymethod,

22、 knownassomaticce1Inuc1eartransfer(SCNT), cancreatemoreclonesan dallowsresearchersgreatercontrolovertheeditstheymaketotheDNA. 可知，SCNT 有助于 编辑DNA。故选B项。6.B句 意 理 解 题。 根 据 第 二 段 中uStill, theresearchprocessproveddifficult, andmanyattemptsbytheteamfailed. Justtw ohealthybabymonkeyswerebornfrommorethan60tes

23、tedmothers. Thisleadstomanyresearche rs pouringwaterontheidcathattheteam sresultsbringscientistsclosertocloninghum ans. ”可知在第二段中pouringwaterontheidea的意思是“对它的评价很低”。故选B项。7. A推 理 判 断 题。 根 据 最 后一段 中“However, theirresearchpurposeisentirelyforproducingnon-humanprimatemodelsforhu mandiseases;theyabsolutely

24、havenointention, andsocietywillnotpermitthisworktobeex tendedtohumans.可知，科学家们克隆这些猴子的目的是帮助研究人类疾病。故选A项。8.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后三句 “ Theythoughtthisworkisnotasteppingstonetoestablishingmethodsforobtaininglivebo rnhumanclones. Instead, thisclearlyremainsaveryfoolishthingtoattempt. Itwouldbefar tooinefficient

25、, fartoounsafe, anditisalsopointless. ” 和最后 段最 后 句 uDespitel imitations, theytreatthisbreakthroughasanovelmodelsystemforscientistsstudyinghumanbiologyanddisease. 可知，克隆一只猴子的成功率并不高。故选D项。II.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界著名的丝绸之路的历史和它的重 要作用。文章还提到了另外两条极大地促进了世界发展的贸易之路:南方丝绸之路和海上丝 绸之路。1. linking考查非谓语动词。此句是非谓语动词作定语

26、修饰bridge,由于bridge与link 之间是主动关系,故填现在分词linkingo2. valuable考查形容词。修饰名词用形容词形式。value是动词,其形容词形式为valuable。3. opened考查动词的时态。根据时间状语duringtheHanDynasty可知，句子使用一般过去 时，且主语ZhangQian与谓语open之间是主动关系。故填openedo4. a考查冠词。句意：它享有大约1600多年的历史。ahistoryof表示“的历史”。5. its考查代词。句意:拥有2000多年历史的丝绸之路见证了历史的变迁和中国与西方国 家文化交流的进步。此处指“丝绸之路的历史

27、”，作定语，故用形容词性物主代词its。6. exchanges考查名词复数。exchange是可数名词，此处指中国和其他国家之间的文化交 流，故用复数名词exchangeso7. included 考查非谓语动词。此句是非谓语动词作定语修饰manyethniccultures,逻辑主 语cultures与include之间是被动关系，故用过去分词included。8. which考查非限制性定语从句。此句是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词 theiruniquetrad it ionsandcultures, livinghabitsandreligiousbeliefs 指物，故用

28、which 引导定语从句。9. besides考查介词。句意:实际上，除了中国西北的丝绸之路,在中国的西南有另外两条贸 易路线o besides表示“除之外（还有易，符合语境。10. greatly考查副词。修饰谓语动词contribute用副词作状语。great是形容词，其副词 形式是greatIyoIII. Dearjoy, intheon20thof0ctober. However, thereisarule A theparticipantsshallbeinagroup. ButI dlike thattoinviteyoutobemySopartners.partnerIknowthatyouhavebeenlongedlongingwonderfullycontrol1ingthetemperatureof thewearer.wonderfulcontrolHowdoyouthinkofmysuggestion?Lookingforwardtoyoureply.WhatyourYours, ZhangXin