2023年高中英语语法定语从句解析及练习.pdf

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1、2023年高中英语语法定语从句解析及练习关于定语从句的具体解析定语从句，又称为关系从句，顾名思义在句中有着修饰限定的作用，可修饰单一的词（名词或代词），也可修饰一个句子。其中被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词，定语从句由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导，被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词。关系代词：who,which,who,whom,whose关系副词：when,where,why,how关系词的作用：除引导从句外，还代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分，如主语，宾语，定语，状语等。1.关系代词引导的定语从句1.1 关系代词的作用：关系代词可以代替指人和物的先行词，在从句起主语，宾语，定语的作用。A.Whe

2、re was the man who（that）had made a great progressin studying archaeology.在研究考古学方面取得伟大成就的人在哪？（who或 that引导的从句在句中作主语）B.The woman whom（that）you met is our teacher.你刚才看到的那个女士是我们的老师。（whom或 that yin引导的从句在句中作宾语）C.She had brought these flowers which(that)died at lastyear.她买的这些花儿在去年都凋谢了。（which或that引导的从句）D.Is

3、there someone whose booklet have lost in library.有谁的手册落在图书馆了吗？（whose引导的从句作定语）2.关系副词引导的定语从句2.1 关系副词的作用关系副词代替句中的先行词，在句中起时间，地点，原因状语的作用。关系副词有时也相当于介词+which结构A.The city where（in which）a new buiIding is going to bebuilt.这座城市将有一个新的建筑被修建。（where引导定语从句修饰the city）B.He wants to know the reason why（for which）he f

4、ailed inthe game.他想知道为什么他会在比赛中失败的原因。（why引导定语从句修饰 the reason）C.We arrived there at evening（when）the store closed.我们在店铺打烂的晚上到了。（when引导定语）3.非限定性定语从句3.1 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别限定性定语从句不用逗号和主句分开，是对先行词的补充说明，不能删除。非限定性定语从句可以用逗号分开，删除以后句子意思完整。例如:A.He own a house which has a swimming pool,actually.事实上，他拥有一个有着游泳池的房子

5、。（限定性）B.He own a house,which has a swimming pool,actually.事实上，他拥有一个房子，这个房子带有游泳池。（非限定性）3.3 A S引导的定语从句4.a s引导非限定性定语从句，可放在主句之前或之后。A.He is from China,as I know from his accent.正如我从他的口音得知，他来自中国。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别一、在书写形式上，限制性定语从句紧接着主句写，非限制性定语从句和主句隔开.He is a man who has won six medals.He is a man,who has

6、won six medals.二、限制性定语从句对先行词有限制修饰的作用，使得先行词具有区分于其它同类事物的特点.It is the tree I planted three years ago.这是我三年前栽种的那颗树（不是其它的树）.而非限制性定语从句并没有上述作用，相反，它是对先行词起补充说明的作用.It is a tree,which I planted three years ago.这是一颗树，我三年前栽种的（补充说明树栽种的时间）.三，限制性定语从句对先行词具有限定性,非限制性定语从句体现先行词的唯一性.John likes his father who has studied

7、abroad.约翰喜欢他出国学习过的那个父亲（给人感觉他另外还有其它没出国过的父亲）John likes his father,who has studied abroad.约翰喜欢他的父亲，他父亲出国学习过.（约翰的父亲是唯一的）四，语法区别.常考的一点是：非限制性定语从句修饰物,关系代词只能使用w h i c h,不能用t h a t.I t i s a t r e e,w h i c h I p l a n t e d t h r e e y e a r s a g o.I t i s a t r e e,t h a t英语定语从句专项练习及答案（一）初中英语定语从句专项练习1.Don

8、t talk about such things of you are notsure.A.which B.what C.as D.those2.Is this the factory you visited the other day?A.that B.where C.in which D.the one3.Is this factory some foreign friends visitedlast Friday?A.that B.where C.which D.the one4.Is this the factory he worked ten years ago?A.that B.w

9、here C.which D.the one5.The wolves hid themselves in the placescouldn t be found.A.that B.where C.in which D.in that6.The freezing point is the temperature waterchanges into ice.A.at which B.on that C.in which D.of what7.This book will show you can be used in othercontexts.A.how you have observed B.

10、what you have observedC.that you have observed D.how that you have observed8.The reason is he is unable to operate themachine.A.because B.why C.that D.whether9.I 11 tell y o u he told me last week.A.all which B.that C.all that D.which10.That t r e e,b r a n c h e s are almost bare,is veryold.A.whose

11、 B.of which C.in which D.on which11.I have bought the same dress she is wearing.A.as B.that C.which D.what12.He failed in the e x a m i n a t i o n,m a d e hisfather very angry.A.which B.it C.that D.what13.We re talking about the piano and the pianistwere in the concert we attended last night.A.whic

12、h B.whom C.who D.that14.The girl an English song in the next roomis Tom s sister.A.who is singing B.is singing C.sang D.was singing15.Those not only from books but also throughpractice will succeed.A.learn B.who C.that learns D.who learn16.Anyone this opinion may speak out.A.that against B.that agai

13、nst C.who is against D.whoare against?17.Didn,t you see the manA.I noddedjust now B.whom I nodded just nowC.I nodded to him just now D.I nodded to just now18.Can you lend me the novelthe other day?A.that you talked B.you talked about itC.which you talked with D.you talked about19.Is there anything t

14、o you?A.that is belonged B.that belongsC.that belong D.which belongs20.“How do you like the book?”-It s quite different from I read lastmonth.”A.that B.which C.the one D.the one what21.Mr.Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils exceptwho had already taken them.A.the ones B.ones C.some D.the others

15、22.The train she was travelling was late.A.which B.where C.on which D.in that23.He has lost the key to the drawer the papersare kept.A.where B.in which C.under which D.which24.Antarctic we know very little is coveredwith thick ice all the year round.A.which B.where C.that D.about which25.It s the th

16、ird time late this month.A.that you arrived B.when you arrivedC.that you ve arrived D.when you,ve arrived26.It was in 1969 the American astronautsucceeded in landing on the moon.A.that B.which C.when D.in which27.May the fourth is the d a y we Chinese peoplewill never forget.A.which B.when C.on whic

17、h D.about which28.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou,live my grandparents and some relatives.A.which B.that C.who D.where29.The hotel during our holidays stands by theseaside.A.we stayed at B.where we stayed atC.we stayed D.in that we stayed30.Is it in that factoryRed Flag“cars a

18、reproduced?A.in which B.where C.which D.that31.It is the Suez Canal separates AsiaAfrica.A.which,to B.where,fromC.that,from D.that,with32.Under the bridge,however,almost directly below,was a small canoe,with a boy in it.A.there B.where C.it D.which33.He is not a fool.A.such,as he is looked B.such,as

19、 he looksC.as,as he is looked D.so,as he looks34.Is that the reason you are in favour of theproposal?A.which B.what C.why D.for that35.He must be from Africa,can be seen from hisskin.A.that B.as C.who D.what36.He has two s o n s,w o r k as chemists.A.two of whom B.both of whomC.both of which D.all o

20、f whom37.I,your good friend,will try my best to helpyou out.A.who is B.who am C.that is D.what is38.He is a man of great e x p e r i e n c e,m u c h canbe learned.A.who B.that C.from which D.from whom39.-Do you know the town at all?-No,this is the first time I here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am comi

21、ng40.I don t like you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in thatC.the way which D.the way of which41.The two things they felt very proud are Jims gold watch and Della s hair.A.about which B.of whichC.in which D.for which42.The dinner was the most expensive meal we.A.would have B.have hadC.had never ha

22、d D.had ever had43.Do you know which hotel?A.she is staying B.she is staying inC.is she staying D.is she staying in44.There is only one thing I can do.A.what B.that C.all D.which45.Who can think of a s i t u a t i o n this idiom canbe used?A.which B.that C.where D.in that46.I have many books,some o

23、f are on chemistry.A.them B.that C.which D.those47.They were interested you told them.A.in which B.in thatC.all that D.in everything48.The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship,much help for knowing space.A.which we think it is B.which we think are ofC.of which we think is D.I think which is of49.The great day we looked forward to at last.A.come B.came C.coming D.comes50.I like the second football match was heldlast week.A.which B.who C.that D./参考答案：1 5 AADBA 6 10 ABCCA 11 15 AADAD16 20 CDDBC 21 25 ACBDC 26 30 AADAD31 35 CABCB 36 40 BBDBA 41 45 BDBBC46 50 CDBBC