考研资料 中山大学真题-基础英语.pdf

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1、考 生 须 知全部答案一律写在答题纸上，答在试题纸上的不计分！答题要写清题号，不必抄题。中 山 大 学二O 一四年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码：638科目名称：基础英语考试时间：1 月 5 日 上 午I.Reading comprehension(40 points)Passage 1：My father was a justice of the peace,and I supposed he possessed the power of life and death overall men and could hang anybody that offended him.This

2、was distinction enough fbr me as a generalthing;but the desire to be a steamboatman kept intruding,nevertheless.I first wanted to be a cabin boy,so that I could come out with a white apron on and shake a tablecloth over the side,where all my oldcomrades could see me.Later I thought I would rather be

3、 the deck hand who stood on the end of the stageplank with a coil of rope in his hand,because he was particularly conspicuous.But these were only daydreams-too heavenly to be contemplated as real possibilities.By and byone of the boys went away.He was not heard of fbr a long time.At last he turned u

4、p as an apprenticeengineer or“striker“on a steamboat.This thing shook the bottom out of all my Sundayschool teachings.That boy had been notoriously worldly and I had been just the reverse-yet he was exalted to thiseminence,and I was left in obscurity and misery.There was nothing generous about this

5、fellow in hisgreatness.He would always manage to have a rusty bolt to scrub while his boat was docked at our town,and he would sit on the inside guard and scrub it,where we could all see him and envy him and loathehim.He used all sorts of steamboat technicalities in his talk,as if he were so used to

6、 them that he forgotcommon people could not understand them.He would speak of the“labboard“side of a horse in an easy,natural way that would make you wish he was dead.And he was always talking about St.Looy“like anold citizen.Two or three of the boys had long been persons of consideration among us b

7、ecause they hadbeen to St.Louis once and had a vague general knowledge of its wonders,but the day of their glory wasover now.They lapsed into a humble silence,and learned to disappear when the ruthless“cub engineerapproached.This fellow had money,too,and hair oil,and he wore a showy brass watch chai

8、n,a leatherbelt,and used no suspenders.No girl could withstand his charms.He cut out55 every boy in the village.When his boat blew up at last,it diffused a tranquil contentment among us such as we had not known formonths.But when he came home the next week,alive,renowned,and appeared in church all b

9、attered upand bandaged,a shining hero,stared at and wondered over by everybody,it seemed to us that thepartiality of Providence for an undeserving retile had reached a point where it was open to criticism.This creatures career could produce but one result,and it speedily followed.Boy after boy manag

10、ed考试完毕，试题纸随答题纸一起交回。第1页共8页to get on the river.Four sons of the chief merchant,and two sons of the country judge became pilots,thegrandest position of all.But some of us could not get on the river-at least our parents would not let us.So by and by I ran away.I said I would never come home again till I

11、 was a pilot and could return inglory.But somehow I could not manage it.I went meekly aboard a few of the boats that lay packedtogether like sardines at the long St.Louis wharf,and very humbly inquired for the pilots,but got only acold shoulder and short words from mates and clerks.I had to make the

12、 best of this sort of treatment forthe time being,but I had comforting daydreams of a future when I should be a great and honored pilot,with plenty of money,and could kill some of these mates and clerks and pay for them.1.The author makes the statement that“I supposed he.offended himn(lines 1-2)prim

13、arily to suggestA.the power held by a justice of the peace in a frontier town.B.the naive view that he held of his fathers importance.C.the respect in which the townspeople held his father.D.the possibility of miscarriages of justice on the American frontier.2,The author decides that he would rather

14、 become a deck hand than a cabin boy b e c a u s e.A.he believes that the work is easierB.he wants to avoid seeing his old friendsC.deck hands often go on to become pilotsD.the job is more visible to passersby3.The author most likely mentions his“Sundayschool teachings”(para.2)to e mp h a s i z e.A.

15、the influence of his early education in later lifeB his sense of injustice at the engineers successC.his disillusionment with longstanding religious beliefsD.determination to become an engineer at all costs4.The author most likely concludes that the engineer is not“generous”(para.2)because he.A.has

16、no respect fbr religious beliefsB,refuses to share his wages with friendsC.flaunts his new position in publicD.takes a pride in material possessions5.The author mentions the use of steamboat technicalities(para.3)in order to emphasize thee n g i n e e r s.A expertise after a few months on the jobB.f

17、ascination fbr trivial informationC.inability to communicate effectivelyD.desire to appear sophisticated第 2 页共8 页6 According to the passage,the glory of having visited St.Louis was over b e c a u s e.A.the boys*knowledge of St.Louis was much less detailed than the engineersB.St.Louis had changed so

18、much that the boys*stories were no longer accurateC.the boys realized that traveling to St.Louis was not a mark of sophisticationD.the engineers account revealed that the boys stories were lies7.The authors response to the engineers survival(para.3)is one of.A,thankfulness for what he believes is Go

19、ds providenceB.astonishment at the engineers miraculous escapeC.outrage at his rivafs undeserved good fortuneD.sympathy for the extent of the engineers wounds8.The major purpose of the passage is to.A sketch the peaceful life of a frontier townB.relate the events that led to a boys first success in

20、lifeC.portray the unsophisticated ambitions of a boyD.describe the characteristics of a small-town boasterPassage 2:Several weeks ago,when the weather was still fine,I decided to eat my lunch on the upper quad,an expanse of lawn stretching across the north end of campus and hedged in by ancient pine

21、 trees onone side and university buildings on the other.Depositing my brown paper lunch bag on the grassbeside me,I munched in silence,watching the trees ripple in the wind and musing over the latest in aseries of“controversial“symposiums I had attended that morning.The speaker,an antiquatedprofesso

22、r in suspenders and a mismatched cardigan,had delivered an earnest speech against modemtools of convenience like electronic mail and instant messaging programs.I thought his speech wasinteresting,but altogether too romantic.My solitude was broken by two girls,deep in conversation,who approached from

23、 behind and satdown on the grass about ten feet to my left,I stared hard at my peanut butter sandwich,trying to noteavesdrop,but their stream of chatter intrigued me.They interrupted each other frequently,paused atthe same awkward moments,and responded to each others statements as if neither one hea

24、rd what theother said.Confused,I stole a glance at them out of the corner of my eye.I could tell that they werecollege students by their style of dress and the heavy backpacks sinking into the grass beside them.Their body language and proximity also indicated that they were friends.Instead of talkin

25、g to eachother,however,each one was having a separate dialogue on her cell phone.As I considered this peculiar scene,this mornings lecturer again intruded into my thoughts.Hispoint in the symposium was that,aside from the disastrous effects of emails and chatting on thespelling,grammar,and punctuati

26、on of the English language,these modem conveniences alsoconsiderably affect our personal life.Before the advent of electronic mail,people wrote letters.Although writing out words by hand posed an inconvenience,it also conferred certain importantadvantages.The writer had time to think about his messa

27、ge,about how he could best phrase it in order第3页 共8页to help his reader understand him,about how he could convey his emotions without the use of dancingand flashing smiley-face icons.When he finished his letter,he had created a permanent work of art towhich a hurriedly typed email or abbreviated chat

28、 room conversation could never compare.Thetemporary,impersonal nature of computers,Professor Spectacles concluded,is gradually rendering ourlives equally temporary and impersonal.And what about cell phones?I thought.I have attended classes where students,instead of turning offtheir cell phones for t

29、he duration of the lecture,leave the classroom to take calls without the slightest hintof embarrassment,I have sat in movie theaters and ground my teeth in frustration at the person behind mewho cant wait until the movie is over to give his colleague a scene-by-scene replay.And then I watchedeach gi

30、rl next to me spend her lunch hour talking to someone else instead of her friend.Like the rest ofthe world,these two pay a significant price fbr the benefits of convenience and the added safety of beingin constant contact with the world.When they have a cell phone,they are never alone,but then again

31、,they are never alone.They may not recognize it,but those girls,like most of us,could use a moment of solitude.Cellphones make it so easy to reach out and touch someone that they have us confused into thinking thatbeing alone is the same thing as being lonely.Ifs all right to disconnect from the wor

32、ld every once in awhile,in fact,I feel certain that our sanity and identity as humans necessitates it.And Im starting to thinkthat maybe the Whimsical Professor ranting about his technological opiates“is not so romantic after all.9.The narrator mentions suspenders and mismatched cardigan55(line 6,pa

33、ra.1)primarily in order toA.criticize the speakers lack of fashion senseB.portray the speaker as somewhat eccentricC.praise the speaker fbr his refusal to conform to societyD.point out that college professors are often underpaid10.The narrator viewed the conversation between the two girls as.A.disjo

34、inted B.hostile C.tedious D.refined11.The passage as a whole suggests that the narrator regards the conversation between the two girls asA.a typical conversation between two college studentsB.the reasons that modem modes of communication are necessaryC.a situation that causes the narrator to reflect

35、 on an opinion expressed in the previous paragraphD.an incident that resulted in a confrontation between two students12.uSmiley-face icons),(line 8,para.3)were mentioned to suggest the n a r r a t o r s.A.annoyance at the insensitivity of modem writersB.nostalgia fbr an easier way of lifeC.skepticis

36、m about certain modes of communicationD.confusion over the complexities of modem conveniences第 4 页共8 页13.Which of the following examples,if true,would best illustrate the speakers reasoning as described inthe third paragraph?A.A publisher utilizes an editing program to proofread texts before they ar

37、e printed.B.A hostess uses her computer to design and print nameplates for all her party guests.C.A fbnner high school class president uses the Internet to locate and invite members of the class toa reunion.D.A newlywed couple sends copies of a thank-you card from an Internet site to wedding guests.

38、14.The author italicizes the words“they are never alone”(last line,para.4)primarily to.A.indicate that the phrase is an exaggerationB.imply an alternate meaning of the phraseC.draw attention to a social problemD.suggest that the phrase is an exaggeration15.Which piece of technology would the narrato

39、r disapprove of most?A.A device allowing the user to chat with other people at any timeB.A portable gaming device featuring realistic graphicsC.An earpiece that automatically translates languages to EnglishD.A digital book reader with a large,bulky screen16.The main purpose of the passage is to.A.re

40、late an anecdoteB.criticize an expertC.evaluate an argumentD.defend a technologyPassage 3:Every work of art is the child of its age and,in many cases,the mother of our emotions.It follows thateach period of culture produces an art of its own which can never be repeated.Efforts to revive theart-princ

41、iples of the past will at best produce an art that is still-born.It is impossible for us to live and feelas did the ancient Greeks.In the same way those who strive to follow the Greek methods in sculptureachieve only a similarty of fbnn,the work remaining soulless for all time.Such imitation is mere

42、 aping.Externally the monkey completely resembles the human being;he will sit holding a book in front of hisnose,and turn over the pages with a thoughtful aspect,but his actions have for him no real meaning.There is,however,in art another kind of external similarity which is founded on a fundamental

43、 truth.When there is a similarity of inner tendency in the whole moral and spiritual atmosphere,a similarity ofideals,at first closely pursued but later lost to sight,a similarity in the inner feeling of any one period tothat of another,the logical result will be a revival of the external forms whic

44、h served to express thoseinner feelings in an earlier age.An example of this today is our sympathy,our spiritual relationship,with the Primitives.Like ourselves,these artists sought to express in their work only internal truths,renouncing in consequence all considerations of external form.第5页 共8页Thi

45、s all-important spark of inner life today is at present only a spark.Our minds,which are even nowonly just awakening after years of materialism,are infected with the despair of unbelief,of lack ofpurpose and ideal.The nightmare of materialism,which has turned the life of the universe into an evil,us

46、eless game,is not yet past;it holds the awakening soul still in its grip.Only a feeble light glimmers likea tiny star in a vast gulf of darkness.This feeble light is but a presentiment,and the soul,when it sees it,trembles in doubt whether the light is not a dream,and the gulf of darkness reality,Th

47、is doubt and thestill-harsh tyranny of the materialistic philosophy divide our soul sharply from that of the Primitives.Oursoul rings cracked when we seem to play upon it,as does a costly vase,long buried in the earth,which isfound to have a flaw when it is dug up once more.For this reason,the Prini

48、tive phase,through which weare now passing,with its temporary similarity of form,can only be of short duration.*Primitive:an artist who paints simple pictures17.The best title for this passage is.A.The Similarities in Artistic MovementsB.The Dangers of MaterialismC.Obstacles to the Revival of Primit

49、ive ArtD.The Lack of Purpose in Art18.The word aspect”(line 7,para.1)most probably me ans.A.meaningful perspective B.facial expressionC.contemplation D.minor part19.In saying that the soul“trembles in doubf)(line 6,para.3)when it sees the uleeble lighf*(line 4,para.3),the author suggests that.A.arti

50、sts have doubt about whether the era of materialism is truly pastB.artists do not know from where their next inspiration will comeC.the Primitives found mysterious lights more frightening than modem people doD.the public is unsure that its hunger for art will be met20.How would the author characteri