2018年北京海淀中考英语真题及答案.pdf

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1、20182018 年北京海淀中考英语真题及答案年北京海淀中考英语真题及答案知识运用（共 14 分）一、单项填空（共 6 分，每小题 0.5 分）从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D 个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.My brother and I like football.play it together once a week.A.IB.TheyC.WeD.You2.Happy birthday,Peter!Here s a giftyou.A.forB.inC.withD.from3.-do you usually go to school,Mary?-By bike.A.Whe

2、nB.HowC.WhereD.Why4.Many people like pandasthey are cute.A.thoughB.ifC.whileD.because5.Igo now,or I ll miss my train.A.canB.mightC.mustD.could6.Tony isof the three boys,but he is the tallest.A.youngB.youngerC.youngestD.the youngest7.Bill likes reading.Hepicture books with his dad every evening.A.rea

3、dB.readsC.is readingD.has read8.-Paul,what were you doing at nine Last night?-Ia movie in the cinema with my friends.A.was watchingB.watchC.have watchedD.will watch9.David a tennis player,He to play tennis when he was six years old.A.beginsB.will beginC.beganD.has begun10.-Lucy,is your uncle a teach

4、er?-Yes,he is.He_ history for nearly 20 years.A.teachesB.has taughtC.is teachingD.will teach11.A new international airport_ in the city next year.A.completesB.is completedC.will completeD.will be completed12.-Alice,could you tell meLondon?-Sure.Last SundayA.when Mr.Smith leftB.when Mr.Smith will lea

5、veC.when did Mr.Smith leaveD.when will Mr.Smith leave二、完形填空（共 8 分，每小题 1 分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Real Solutions(解决方法）to ProblemsThirty engineers were working as a team in a company.They were young and eagerto learn.The management decided to teach them about finding real solu

6、tions toproblems One day,the team was called for a13in a hall.They were quitesurprised and all reached the hall holding various14.As they entered,they found a box placed in the center,full of flatBalloons The manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow it up.Then they wereasked to write their

7、names on their respective(各自的）balloons15so that theballoons wouldnt blow out.All tried,but not everyone was16.Fiveballoons blew out due to pressure(压力).Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were17out of the game.As a result,25 engineers came to thenext level.All the balloons carrying

8、their names were18and then put into a room,here and there.The engineers were told to pick the balloon with his orher name on,All the 25 engineers began to search for therespective balloons in a rush.It was almost 15 minutes but no one was able to19the right one.The secondlevel of the game was over.T

9、hen came the final level,the engineers were asked to pick any balloon and giveit to person named on the balloon.Within a couple of minutes,all balloons20the hands of the respective engineers.The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem.Many times inour life,sharing and helping oth

10、ers give us real solutions to problems.13.A.gameB.showC.concertD.patry14.A.purposesB.suggestionsC.thoughtsD.plans15.A.quietlyB.carefullyC.secretlyD.clearly16.A.bonestB.readyC.patientD.succeesful17.A.checkedB.helpedC.ruledD.cleaned18.A.collectedB.weighedC.tiedD.cleaned19.A.markB.hideC.numberD.find20.

11、A.freedB.reachedC.liftedD.hit阅读理解（共 36 分）三、阅读下列短文.根据短文内容，从文后各所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共 26 分，每小题 2 分）A ARoger:Roger:Hi,there!It was my 15th birthday last Saturday.Some of my friends andAlan,my cousin,came to celebrate it.Everyone brought me a gift,we played games,sang songs and had a big birthday c

12、ake.It was really a wonderful day!Did you doanything special last week?Jessica:Jessica:Yes,My class were on a school field trip last week.First,We went tothe University of North Carolina to learn about the history of its basketballteam.Many basketball stars were students there.Then we visited a muse

13、um.Welearned about how the plane was invented and took many pictures there.Sara:Sara:Well,I was lucky enough to go to a conference(会议）on charity(慈善）last Wednesday.I was excited to meet a lot of kind people there.One of them was a boy namedRichard.He spoke at the conference about the charity work tha

14、t he had done inthe past few years.Martin:Martin:It was a different week than usual,Last Thursday,my school band(乐队）went to Atlanta to perform in a competition.I played the violin and we won a prize!On Friday we went to the Georgia Aquarium and got to see different kinds of sea lifefrom over the wor

15、ld.It was really cool!21.When did Roger have his birthday party?A.Last WednesdayB.last thursdayC.Last FridayD.Last Saturday.22.Who went on a school field trip last week?A.Alan.B.JessicaC.SaraD.Richard.23.Martin went to Atlanta.A.speak at a conferenceB.organize a partyC.perform in a competitionD.visi

16、t a universityB BA Beautiful MomentWhen I was in high school.I worked part-time helping Dad sell fruits andvegetables at a matket.One day,as I was preparing the fruits.A little boy cameby with his mom and sister.He was about eight years old,and the girl,five or six.They were looking the fruits in fr

17、ont of me.I heard the kids say to their mom(inFrench)，Theyre good!I knew it was French.Because I can speak and understandit.Then I noticed how mom was picking the fruits.At first I thought she was reallylooking at the fruits because she was facing them.But then I noticed how much shehad to feel and

18、smell each one as she picked them out.And often asked her son ifit looked okay,but looked way above where his face was.Putting what I saw together,I was sure she was blind.Both of the kids continued to help their mom pick out the fruits.The son madesure the fruits were not obviously bad,and the daug

19、hter handed them to her mom.The woman then felt each one and smiled,and the daughter would put them into theirbasket.The kids were smiling while helping their mom pick the fruits out.Their smile and gentle manner moved me in a way that never happened before.It was so beautiful to see such young kids

20、 so willingly help.Most kids that agewould be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves,instead of helpingtheir mom pick out fruits as the two kids did.It was great to witness the moment,but not so great because I didnt tell themom how beautiful her children were in their language.this i

21、s what I regret to thisday.24.The women and her kids came to the market to buy.A.fruitsB.vegetablesC.candiesD.toys25.According to what he saw,the writer was sure the mother couldnt.A.speakB.seeC.smellD.hear26.The writer was moved because.A.the mother was brave to face her problems.B.the kids were po

22、lite and kind to each otherC.the mother was careful in picking out thingsD.the kids were so willing to help their motherC CSome primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with more green spacearound.They are likely to come with larger volumes of white and grey matterin certain areas of the bra

23、in.These differences are associated(关联)with beneficialeffects on cognitive function(认知功能）.This is the main conclusion of a studyled by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health.The study was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain.Lifelong exposure(接触）to green space in the living places was reco

24、rdedusing the information on thechildrens addresses from birth up through to the time of the study.Brain structurewasstudied using3Dmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI).Working memoryandinattentiveness(注意力不集中）were graded with computers.“This is the first study that shows the association between long-term e

25、xposureto green space and brain structure.”Says Dr.Payam Dadvand，the leading researcherof the study,“Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life couldresult in beneficial structural changes in the brain.”The findings show that long-term exposure to greenness is positively associa

26、tedwith white and grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain.Some of them arerelated to higher scores on cognitive tests.Moreover,larger volumes of white andgreymatterinthosepartsmightleadtobetterworkingmemoryandlessinattentiveness.Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain

27、 development inchildren.Another study of 2，593 children shows that children in school with moregreen space have a greater increase in working memory and a greater decrease ininattentiveness.Humans are believed to be tied to nature.Playing in greener areas offerschildren opportunities to search and l

28、earn.Accordingly,green space is thought toprompt important exercises in discovery,creativity and risk taking.These exercisesin turn positively influence brain development.Dr.Dadvands study suggests how such structural changes could bring about thebeneficial effects of green spaces on cognitive devel

29、opment,it also adds to theproof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure to greenness on ourhealth and the benefits of increasing greenness in cities.Further studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations,settingsand climates.And researchers need to examine differences

30、 according to the natureand quality of green space.27.The second paragraph is mainly about.A.how the study was performedB.what was recorded in the studyC.how long the study lastedD.who took part in the study28.The word“promptprompt”in paragraph 6 probably means“”.A.controlB.encourageC.balanceD.chang

31、e29.What can we learn from the passage?A.Working memory influences white and grey matter in the brain.B.Dr.Dadvand stressed the importance of changing the environment.C.Studies proved the influence of greenness on populations outs of Spain.D.Living in greener neighborhoods benefits children in brain

32、 development.D DWe often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change that willhelp us unlock our self-improvement power.However,theres always somethingstaring at us right under our nose but we dont see it.The only time we think ofunlocking our self-improvement power is when everythi

33、ng gets worst.When do we realize that we need to change diets?When none of our shirts andjeans would fit us.When do we stop eating candies and chocolates?When all of ourteeth have fallen off.When do we realize that we need to stop smoking?When ourlungs have gone bad.We see the warning signs and sign

34、als when things get rough anddifficult.The only time most of us ever learn about unlocking our self-improvement poweris when the whole world is falling apart.We think and feel this way because it isnot easy to change,but change becomes more painful when we ignore(忽视）it，Change will happen,like it or

35、hate it.At one point or another,we are all goingto finally unlock our self-improvement power not because the world says so.Butbecause we realize its for our own good.Happy people dont just accept change;they embrace(拥抱）it.Unlocking ourself-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box o

36、f thought that isjust the way we are.It is such a poor excuse for people who fear change.Jane always tells everyone that she doesnt have the courage to be around groupsof people.She heard her family tell the same things about her to other people.Overthe years,that is what Jane has believed.Every tim

37、e a great crowd come,she stepsback and locks herself up in a room.Jane not only believes in her story,but livesit!Self-improvement may not be everybodys favorite word,but if we look at thingsin a different way,we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole processinstead of counting the days un

38、til we are fully improved.Three sessions in a weekat the gym would result in a healthier life.Reading books every day would buildup knowledge.And only when we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking ourself-improvement power will we realize that we?re beginning to take things lightand become hap

39、py.30.The writer mentions the three questions in Paragraph 2 to show thatA.we learn our lessons when we experience pain.B.we are responsible for the problems we meet.C.life fails us when we get into the wrong way.D.life is a long journey full of ups and downs.31.What is the key to solving Jane s pro

40、blem?A.She needs to remember why she started.B.She has to know how to get on with people.C.She has to realize she is not what she is in her story.D.She needs to understand the importance of confidence.32.The writer probably agrees that.A.the world tells us how to improve ourselves.B.people change wh

41、en they find it easy to do that.C.welcoming change in life is a drive to become better.D.enjoying the process of self-improvement makes life simpler.33.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Is it important to take things light?B.Is it necessary to embrace challenges?C.To h

42、old on to the last moment or to give up?D.To free ourselves out of the box or to stay in it?四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题.（共 10 分，每小题 2 分）When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework,you mightnotice that there is no letter E.Have you ever thought about why that is so?In the A,B,C,D and F grading s

43、ystem,the first four lettersaretypically considered passing grades.An F in this system simply stands for“fail”.The word“fail”happens tostart with the letter F,which seems to leave out the letter E.The fact”.Someschools have U grade for“unsatisfactory”，or I grade for“incomplete”.Even with all this sa

44、id,we should also point out that Egradeactuallyhas been used pretty commonly throughout the history of lettergradesintheUS.The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we usetoday is Mount Holyoke College.In 1897，they began to use the following gradingscale:A:95-100%(exce

45、llent)B:85-94%(good)C:76-84%(fair)D:75%(barely passed)E:below 75%(failed)We can see the inclusion of E instead of F.Gradually,the letter grading system became more popular throughout the US.However,many schools decided to drop the E grade and go straight to F.There isno evidence(证据)to really support

46、 this,but one possible explanation is thatteacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent”.Why do we have letter grades?Well,part of the reason is that they made gradingsimpler during a time of great change for schools.As the 20th century began,growingcities and an increase i

47、n immigration led to larger school classrooms.Most teachersat that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy,fair and clear wayto grade students.Today,more and more people argue that letter grades don?t fully reflect(反映）student learning。However,as teachers try to improve grading method

48、s,manyparents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids,they are familiar(熟悉）and easy for parents to understand.So while they might not be perfect,the lettergrades probably arent going away any time soon.34.what does an F stand for in the A、B、C、D and F grading system?35.when was the lette

49、r grading system first used in the US college?36.what is one possible explanation for dropping the E grade?37.what did most teachers think of the letter grading system in the 20th century?38.why do many parents still prefer the letter grades today?书面表达（共 10 分）五、文段表达(10 分）39.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成

50、一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作，文中已给出内容不 计入总数.所给提示词语仅供选用，请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目一：题目一：假如你是李华，你们学校要举办一场关于京剧的讲座，你打算邀请你们班交换生 Peter参加，请用英语写一封 电子邮件，告诉他讲座时间和地点以及需要做什么准备。提示词语：lecture(讲座）,invite,information,question,online提示问题：When and where will you have the lecture?what do you advise Peter to prepare for it?题目二：题目二：“静以修身，俭以养德”，勤