2016年12月英语六级_外语学习-英语四六级.pdf

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1、2016 年 12 月英语六级(第 2 套)听力真题 录音(3)Recording Three 录音三 Today,Id like to talk about what happens when celebrity role models get behind healthy habits,but at the same time,promote junk food.Currently,theres mounting criticism of Michelle Obamas“Lets Move!”campaign,which fights childhood obesity by encour

2、aging youngsters to become more physically active,and has signed on singer Beyonc and basketball player Shaquille ONeal,both of whom also endorse sodas,which are a major contributor to the obesity epidemic.Now theres a lot more evidence of how powerful a celebrity especially a professional athlete c

3、an be in influencing childrens behavior.In a report published by the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University,researchers studied 100 professional athletes and their endorsement contracts.The team focused on athletes since they are theoretically the best role models for active,heal

4、thy lifestyles for children.After sorting the deals by category,they determined that among the 512 brands associated with the athletes,most involved sporting goods,followed closely by food and beverage brands.Sports drinks,which are often high in sugar and calories made up most of the food and drink

5、 deals,with soft drinks and fast food filling out the remainder.Of the 46 beverages endorsed by professional athletes,93%relied exclusively on sugar for all of their calories.Its no surprise that high-profile athletes can influence childrens eating behaviors,but the scientists were able to quantify

6、how prevalent these endorsements are in the childrens environment.Advertisements featuring professional athletes and their endorsed products tend to get impressive exposure on TV,radio,in print and online.And in 2010,the researchers reported that children ages 12 to 17 saw more athlete-endorsed food

7、 and beverage brand commercials than adults.One reason any campaign wants a popular celebrity spokesperson is because kids are attracted to them no matter what they are doing.We cant expect kids to turn off that admiration when the same person is selling sugar.At best,kids might be confused.At worst

8、,theyll think the messages about soda are the same as the messages about water,but those two beverages arent the same.If children are turning to athletes as role models,its in their best interest if their idols are consistent.Consistent messaging of positive behaviors will show healthier lifestyles

9、for kids to follow.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 23.What is the aim of Michelle Obamas campaign?Question 24.What does research find about advertisements featuring professional athletes?Question 25.What does the speaker think kids idols should do?-欢迎下载 2 录

10、音三 今天，我想谈一谈名人榜样支持健康习惯，但同时推广垃圾食品会发生什么。目前，很多人批评米歇尔 奥巴马的“让我们走！”运动，该运动通过鼓励儿童身体变得更加活跃来抵制儿童肥胖，并且已经签下了歌手碧昂丝和篮球员沙奎尔 奥尼尔，他们都为苏打水肥胖症的主要贡献者做广告。现在有更多的证据表明一个名人，特别是一个职业运动员，可以影响孩子的行为。研究人员在耶鲁大学路德食品政策和肥胖中心发布的一份报告中研究了 100 名专业运动员及其广告合同。团队专注于运动员，因为他们在理论上是儿童活跃、健康生活方式的最佳榜样。在按类别分类之后，他们确定在与运动员相关的 512 个品牌中，大多数涉及运动用品，紧随其后的是食

11、品和饮料品牌。高糖和卡路里的运动饮料通常占据了大部分食品和饮料的份额，软饮料和快餐填补了剩余。在专业运动员认可的 46 种饮料中，93完全依赖糖来摄取全部热量。高调的运动员可以影响儿童的饮食习惯并不奇怪，但科学家们能够量化这些代言人在儿童环境中的流行程度。专业运动员及其认可产品的广告往往会在电视，收音机，印刷品和网络上曝光。而在 2010 年，研究人员报告说，12 至 17 岁的儿童看到的运动员认可的食品和饮料品牌广告比成年人更多。任何活动都想要一个受欢迎的名人来担任发言人的一个原因是，无论他们在做什么孩子都会被他们吸引。当同一个人卖糖时，我们不能指望孩子们停止这种钦佩。最好的情况是孩子们可能

12、会感到困惑。最糟糕的是，他们会认为关于苏打水的信息与关于水的消息相同，但是这两种饮料是不一样的。如果孩子们将运动员当作榜样，那么如果他们的偶像是始终如一的，那对儿童来说就是最有利的。积极行为的一致信息会给孩子们展示更健康的生活方式以便追随。问题 23 至 25 基于你刚刚听到的录音。问题 23.米歇尔奥巴马运动的目标是什么？问题 24.研究发现了专业运动员广告的什么？问题 25.演讲者认为孩子的偶像应该怎么做？professional pr fenl adj.职业的，专业的，专门的 n.专业人 obesity ubi:siti n.肥胖，肥大 remainder rimeind n.剩余物，其

13、他的人，残余 vt.廉价出售 exclusively iksklu:sivli adv.排他地(独占地，专门地，仅仅，只)brand brnd n.商标，牌子，烙印，标记 vt.打烙印，epidemic.epidemik n.传染病，流行病 adj.流行的，传染性 exposure iksp u n.面临（困难），显露，暴露，揭露，曝光 tend tend v.趋向，易于，照料，护理 admiration.dm rein n.钦佩，赞赏 celebrity silebriti n.名人，名誉，社会名流 什么目前很多人批评米歇尔奥巴马的让我们走运动该运动通过鼓励儿童身体变得更加活跃来抵制儿童肥胖

14、并且已经签下了歌手碧昂丝和篮球员沙奎尔奥尼尔他们都为苏打水肥胖症的主要贡献者做广告现在有更多的证据表明一个名人名专业运动员及其广告合同团队专注于运动员因为他们在理论上是儿童活跃健康生活方式的最佳榜样在按类别分类之后他们确定在与运动员相关的个品牌中大多数涉及运动用品紧随其后的是食品和饮料品牌高糖和卡路里的运动饮料热量高调的运动员以影响儿童的饮食习惯并不奇怪但科学家们能够量化这些代言人在儿童环境中的流行程度专业运动员及其认产品的广告往往会在电视收音机印刷品和网络上曝光而在年研究人员报告说至岁的儿童看到的运动员认的-欢迎下载 3 2016 年 12 月英语六级(第 1 套)听力真题 录音(2)Rec

15、ording Two 录音二 In the past few months,Ive been traveling for weeks at a time with only one suitcase of clothes.One day,I was invited to an important event,and I wanted to wear something special for it.I looked through my suitcase but couldnt find anything to wear.I was lucky to be at the technology

16、conference then,and I had access to 3D printers.So I quickly designed a skirt on my computer,and I loaded the file on the printer.It just printed the pieces overnight.The next morning,I just took all the pieces,assembled them together in my hotel room,and this is actually the skirt that Im wearing r

17、ight now.So it wasnt the first time that I printed clothes.For my senior collection at fashion design school,I decided to try and 3D print an entire fashion collection from my home.The problem was that I barely knew anything about 3D printing,and I had only nine months to figure out how to print fiv

18、e fashionable looks.I always felt most creative when I worked from home.I loved experimenting with new materials,and I always tried to develop new techniques to make the most unique textiles for my fashion projects.One summer break,I came here to New York for an internship at a fashion house in Chin

19、atown.We worked on two incredible dresses that were 3D printed.They were amazing like you can see here.But I had a few problems with them.They were made from hard plastics and thats why they were very breakable.The models couldnt sit in them,and they even got scratched from the plastics under their

20、arms.So now,the main challenge was to find the right material for printing clothes with,I mean the material you feed the printer with.The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Filaflex,which is a new kind of printing material.Its strong,yet very flexible.And with it,I was able to print the firs

21、t garment,a red jacket that had the word“freedom”embedded into it.And actually,you can easily download this jacket,and change the word to something else,for example,your name or your sweethearts name.So I think in the future,materials will evolve,and they will look and feel like fabrics we know toda

22、y,like cotton or silk.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 19.What does the speaker say about the skirt she is wearing now?Question 20.When did the speaker start experimenting with 3D printing?Question 21.What was the problem with the material the speaker worked

23、 on at a New York fashion house?Question 22.What does the speaker say about Filaflex?什么目前很多人批评米歇尔奥巴马的让我们走运动该运动通过鼓励儿童身体变得更加活跃来抵制儿童肥胖并且已经签下了歌手碧昂丝和篮球员沙奎尔奥尼尔他们都为苏打水肥胖症的主要贡献者做广告现在有更多的证据表明一个名人名专业运动员及其广告合同团队专注于运动员因为他们在理论上是儿童活跃健康生活方式的最佳榜样在按类别分类之后他们确定在与运动员相关的个品牌中大多数涉及运动用品紧随其后的是食品和饮料品牌高糖和卡路里的运动饮料热量高调的运动员以影响儿童

24、的饮食习惯并不奇怪但科学家们能够量化这些代言人在儿童环境中的流行程度专业运动员及其认产品的广告往往会在电视收音机印刷品和网络上曝光而在年研究人员报告说至岁的儿童看到的运动员认的-欢迎下载 4 录音二 在过去的几个月里，我旅行了几个星期，只带了一行李箱的衣服。有一天，我被邀请参加一个重要的活动，我想穿一些特别的东西。我翻遍了我的旅行箱，但找不到任何能穿的。我很幸运能够参与技术会议，而且我可以使用 3D 打印机。所以我很快在我的电脑上设计了一条裙子，把文件载入打印机。它一整夜都在打印部件。第二天早上，我把所有部件都拿出来，在我的酒店房间里把它们组合起来，实际上就成了我现在所穿的裙子。所以这不是我第

25、一次打印衣服。关于我在时装设计学院的高级时装，我决定在家里尝试 3D 打印整个时尚系列。问题是我几乎不了解 3D 打印，而我只有九个月的时间来弄清楚如何打印五种时尚的外观。我一直觉得我在家工作时最有创意。我喜欢尝试新材料，我一直在努力开发新的技术，为我的时尚项目做出最独特的纺织品。有一次暑假，我来到了纽约，在唐人街的一家时装店实习。我们制作了两件不可思议的 3D 打印服装。它们非常棒你可以从这里看到。但是关于它们还有一些问题。它们是由硬塑料制成的，这就是为什么它们非常易碎。模特不能坐在它们上面，甚至被手臂下的塑料刮伤。因此现在，主要的挑战是找到正确的打印衣服的材料，我是指你给打印机提供的材料。

26、当我被介绍给 Filaflex 时这是一种新型的印刷材料，这个突破来了。它非常结实，也很有弹性。利用它，我能够打印出第一件衣服，一件写有“自由”字样的红色外套。实际上，你可以轻松地下载这件夹克，并将这个词改成别的东西，例如你的名字或你亲爱的的名字。所以我认为，未来的材料将会发展，就像我们今天所知道的面料，棉花或丝绸一般。问题 19 到 22 基于你刚刚听到的录音。问题 19.讲话者说了关于她正穿着的裙子的什么？问题 20.讲话者是什么时候开始体验 3D 打印的？问题 21.讲话者在纽约时装店工作时碰到的材料问题是什么？问题 22.讲话者说了关于 Filaflex 的什么？garment g:m

27、nt n.衣服 vt.给.披上衣服，覆上 suitcase su:tkeis n.手提箱 creative krieitiv adj.创造性的 recording rik:di n.录音 动词 record 的现在分词 overnight uv nait n.前晚 adj.通宵的，晚上的，前夜的 embedded imbedid adj.植入的，内含的，深入的 v.埋入，植入，深入 incredible inkred bl adj.难以置信的，惊人的 什么目前很多人批评米歇尔奥巴马的让我们走运动该运动通过鼓励儿童身体变得更加活跃来抵制儿童肥胖并且已经签下了歌手碧昂丝和篮球员沙奎尔奥尼尔他们都为

28、苏打水肥胖症的主要贡献者做广告现在有更多的证据表明一个名人名专业运动员及其广告合同团队专注于运动员因为他们在理论上是儿童活跃健康生活方式的最佳榜样在按类别分类之后他们确定在与运动员相关的个品牌中大多数涉及运动用品紧随其后的是食品和饮料品牌高糖和卡路里的运动饮料热量高调的运动员以影响儿童的饮食习惯并不奇怪但科学家们能够量化这些代言人在儿童环境中的流行程度专业运动员及其认产品的广告往往会在电视收音机印刷品和网络上曝光而在年研究人员报告说至岁的儿童看到的运动员认的-欢迎下载 5 2016 年 6 月英语六级(第 3 套)听力真题 录音(3)Recording Three 录音三 Weve had f

29、ifty years of progress since that landmark Surgeon Generals report back in 1964.Over these years incredible things have taken place.Our society has changed changed in terms of tobacco use,in terms of its acceptance of smoking in public establishments,in restaurants,in bars.So things have really chan

30、ged for the better.In addition,smoking rates have come down in the United States.We went from 43 percent of adult smokers in the United States to 18 percent currently.So thats really made incredible headway,yet I have to emphasize the battle is not over,the war is not over.Eighteen percent of Americ

31、an adults who are still smoking,basically 40 million people in our population.That being said we have to realize also that of that whole group,were going to have roughly a half million people every year dying from smoking related diseases.So although weve made progress in a half century the reality

32、is we still have a lot of work to do.So,you know,we increasingly see tough advertisements on the air against smoking.These ads are working.In particular,the CDC the Center for Disease Control and Prevention came up with a series of advertisements from former smokers called TIPS.And that really was q

33、uite effective in terms of reducing the number of smokers.In addition,theres various policies that need to be implemented and further implemented in order to make us a tobacco free society.So we really have to work at the idea of using media,using those advertisements.We have to look at really conce

34、ntrating on the youth of America to make it more difficult to actually get cigarettes.And in addition we have to look at the idea of pricing cigarettes appropriately so that ultimately it becomes a hardship to use those products.So,lets talk a little bit about packaging those products.Other countrie

35、s have much more graphic detail of the potential dangers of smoking.Were currently working closely;the office of the Surgeon General is working closely with the Food and Drug Administration,specifically the Center for Tobacco Products and are reanalyzing the whole row of the idea of the warning labe

36、ls and the idea of how graphic they should be,and so there will probably be more information coming out on this in the near future.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 23 What is the number of smokers in America?Question 24 What measures can be taken to make it

37、harder to get cigarettes?Question 25 What institution does the speaker most likely come from?什么目前很多人批评米歇尔奥巴马的让我们走运动该运动通过鼓励儿童身体变得更加活跃来抵制儿童肥胖并且已经签下了歌手碧昂丝和篮球员沙奎尔奥尼尔他们都为苏打水肥胖症的主要贡献者做广告现在有更多的证据表明一个名人名专业运动员及其广告合同团队专注于运动员因为他们在理论上是儿童活跃健康生活方式的最佳榜样在按类别分类之后他们确定在与运动员相关的个品牌中大多数涉及运动用品紧随其后的是食品和饮料品牌高糖和卡路里的运动饮料热量高调的

38、运动员以影响儿童的饮食习惯并不奇怪但科学家们能够量化这些代言人在儿童环境中的流行程度专业运动员及其认产品的广告往往会在电视收音机印刷品和网络上曝光而在年研究人员报告说至岁的儿童看到的运动员认的-欢迎下载 6 录音三 自 1964 年，卫生局局长发表报告之后的 50 年，我们取得了很大进展。在过去的这些年，美国发生了巨大的变化。我们的社会发生了改变改变了对烟草的使用，也改变了在公共场所、饭店、酒吧吸烟的接受度。所以吸烟的状况日渐好转。而且美国的吸烟比率已经降低了。美国之前成年吸烟者的比例是 43%，现在降到了 18%。我们取得了极大的进展，但是我必须强调：这场对抗烟草的战役还没有结束，斗争还在继

39、续。18%的美国成年人还在吸烟，也就是说还有 4 千万美国人在吸烟。每年有将近 50 万人死于由吸烟引起的疾病，这也是我们必须要意识到的一点。虽然这半个世纪以来，我们已经取得了进展，但现实情况是我们还有很多工作要做。你知道，广播中反对吸烟的广告越来越多。这些广告起到了作用。尤其是，疾病防控中心从曾经的吸烟者身上想出了一系列被称作是“小贴士”的广告。这些广告在减少吸烟者人数方面确实是非常有效的。另外，为了造就一个无烟社会，我们需要实施一些政策并进一步落实。我们需要想法利用媒体来宣传禁烟广告。我们要集中精力让美国的青少年难以接触到香烟。我们还要考虑给香烟适当定价，以使香烟成为难以享用的商品。那么，

40、我们就来谈谈香烟的包装。其他国家在包装上详细绘画了吸烟潜在的危险。我们正在紧密合作，卫生局局长办公室和食品药物监督局，尤其是烟草制品中心正在密切合作。我们正在重新分析所有警示语的设定以及如何更加形象地绘制图像。不久之后，香烟的包装上会出现更多的信息。问题 23-25是基于刚刚你所听到的那段录音。问题 23：美国烟民的数量是多少？问题 24：我们应该采取什么样的措施来使人们难以得到香烟？问题 25：说话人很可能是来自哪个机构？hardship h:dip n.艰难，困苦 prevention privenn n.阻止，妨碍，预防 landmark lndm:k n.陆标，地界标，里程碑，划时代的

41、事 effective ifektiv adj.有效的，有影响的 row r u,rau n.排，船游，吵闹 vt.划船，成排 related rileitid adj.相关的，有亲属关系的 headway hedwei n.前进，航行速度，进展，（前后两车间的）车间时距 administration d.ministrein n.行政，管理，行政部门 什么目前很多人批评米歇尔奥巴马的让我们走运动该运动通过鼓励儿童身体变得更加活跃来抵制儿童肥胖并且已经签下了歌手碧昂丝和篮球员沙奎尔奥尼尔他们都为苏打水肥胖症的主要贡献者做广告现在有更多的证据表明一个名人名专业运动员及其广告合同团队专注于运动员因为他们在理论上是儿童活跃健康生活方式的最佳榜样在按类别分类之后他们确定在与运动员相关的个品牌中大多数涉及运动用品紧随其后的是食品和饮料品牌高糖和卡路里的运动饮料热量高调的运动员以影响儿童的饮食习惯并不奇怪但科学家们能够量化这些代言人在儿童环境中的流行程度专业运动员及其认产品的广告往往会在电视收音机印刷品和网络上曝光而在年研究人员报告说至岁的儿童看到的运动员认的