【教育资料】北师大版高中英语必修三 Unit8 Adventure-词汇篇1学习专用.pdf

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1、教育资源 教育资源 Unit 8 Adventure词汇篇 1 _ _ 1、掌握第 8 单元 warm-up 及第一二课的重点单词，短语及句型。2、灵活运用第 8 单元 warm-up 及第一二课的重点单词，短语及句型。一、话题 谈论喜马拉雅山探险,设计探险假日；了解并谈论极限运动 词汇 核心词汇 adventure,major,anxious,amaze,equipment,various 话题扩展词汇 tourist,tourism,go hiking,camp,safety,risk,explore,voyage,journey,attraction,canoe 短语及搭配 take o

2、ff,be anxious about,prefer to do sth.,prefer doing sth.to doing sth,upside down,break out 重要句型 1.You walk with other people in the group about everything you have seen and done during your days hiking.2.And our porters carry your luggage,which means that you can simply enjoy the experience.1.adventu

3、re n.奇遇，冒险的经历 a risky and exciting experience.have an adventure 有冒险经历；a dangerous adventure 危险的探险；a high adventure 令人激动的探险；a political adventure 政治冒险；a real adventure 真正的冒险；a strange adventure 奇遇；2.take off 起飞 to leave the ground and to up into the air.The big plane took off easily.那架大飞机很容易地起飞了。1）ta

4、ke off 还有“拿下，脱下”等意义。如：I cant take off the lid its stuck!这盖子给卡住了，我拿不下来！You must take off your hat when you go inside.2）take 的常见短语:take against 不喜欢，不赞成 take apart 拆卸，拆开，打败，击败 take back 接回，收回，归还 take down 放下，拿下，记下，拆除 take for 把当作，把误认为 教育资源 教育资源 take for granted 想当然，信以为真 take in 接纳，吸收。收留 take off 脱下，拿掉，

5、起飞，取消 take on 穿上，戴上，呈现，采用，take over 接管，占领，取得主导地位 take up 拿起，抬起，搭载，吸收，开始发生兴趣，着手处理，占用 3.major adj.较重要的，较严重的 greater when compared with others in size,number,importance or seriousness.There are always traffic jams on major roads on Monday mornings.The car needs major repairs.1）同义词：chief adj.首要的；main ad

6、j 主要的 2）反义词：minor adj.次要的，较小的；unimportant adj.不重要的 3）major 在句中常作定语，没有比较级，也不可与 than 连用。如 The major problem has not been discussed at todays meeting.4.maximum adj.最大的，最多的being or having the largest amount or number;the greatest or most complete or best possible.The maximum number of students in each c

7、lass is thirty.每班学生最多 30 人。拓展 maximum 的反义词为 minimum,意为“最小的，最低的”。如：Whats the minimum price?最低价是多少？maximum 和 minimum 都没有比较级和最高级的形式，但它们表达的是最高级的意义，修饰名词时，前面要用定冠词 the,如：The is a maximum weight the bag will hold.()That is the maximum weight the bag will hold.（）那是这只袋子所能装载的最大重量。5.anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的 worried,

8、uneasy She had an anxious hour of waiting for her child and was getting even more anxious.她焦急地等待她的孩子已有一个钟头，并且愈等愈着急。1）be anxious about 为担心。如：Parents are always anxious about their childrens safety when the children are out.2）be anxious for 渴望（得到），极其希望如：He was anxious for his daughter to go abroad.3）b

9、e anxious to do sth.急于做如：We are anxious to start a journey.4）be anxious that 担心渴望如：Im anxious that he should listen to my advice.He was anxious that the meeting the following day should be a success.辨析：be anxious about 表示的一般是担心的“内容”；anxious for 表示的一般是渴望得到的“目标”。All of us are anxious about his safety.

10、我们都为他的安全担忧。We were anxious for his safe return.我们盼望他平安归来。anxious 与 eager 两者意思接近，但 eager 强调“对成功的渴望”或“进取的热情”，含有积极向上的教育资源 教育资源 意思；anxious 强调“担心”或“着急”，对结果感到不安。Im eager for a holiday.我急切地盼望着假期。Im eager to do that interesting work.我渴望做那件有趣的工作。6.The food cooking on the fire smells great and while you are h

11、aving a hot cup of tea,you relax and watch the sun go down.在火上烤的食物散发着诱人的香味，你喝着热茶，轻松地欣赏着落日下山的美景。该句 The food cooking on the fire smells great 和 and 之后的部分为两个并列的分句；在第一个分句中，cooking on the fire 是现在分词短语作定语，修饰 food；在第二个分句中，while you are having a hot cup of tea 是状语从句，说明谓语动词 relax and watch 的时间，while 意为“当时候”，

12、表示一段时间，其后的谓语是延续动词；watch the sun go down 为“感官动词+宾语+不带 to 的不定式作补语”结构。smell 在该句中为连系动词，意为“闻起来”，后接形容词作表语。如：This kind of flower smells sweet.这种花闻起来很香。7.关于 prefer 的相关表达 For people who prefer to spend some time on the coast,we can organize your travel and accommodation too.对于宁愿在海边多留些日子的人，我们也可安排行程和食宿。who pre

13、fer to spend some time on the coast 是一个定语从句，修饰 people,for 是“对于”的意思；spend 此处是“度过（时间）”的意思，而不是“花（钱）买”。如：He spent his childhood in a small village.I spent my holidays on a farm.拓展：prefer 意为“更喜欢，宁愿（而不愿）”。其常用结构如下：1)prefer sth.更喜欢某物。如 Which do you prefer,basketball or volleyball?你比较喜欢哪个，篮球还是排球？2）prefer to

14、do/doing sth.更愿意做某事。如：He prefers reading/to read in the library.他比较喜欢在图书馆看书。She prefers to sleep with the light on.3)prefer that 从句（谓语用 should+动词原形）更喜欢某事。如：She preferred that we should have a discussion right there.她希望我们就在那里讨论。4）prefer(doing)A to(doing)B 喜欢 A 胜过喜欢 B;宁愿（做）A 而不愿（做）B。如：I prefer coffee

15、to tea.He prefers staying at home to going to the cinema.他宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影。5）prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B。如：I prefer to work rather than sit idle.我宁愿工作而不喜欢闲坐。6)prefer sb.to do sth.愿意别人做某事。如：We prefer you to stay for dinner.提示：1）prefer 本身含有比较之意，表示“更喜欢”，不能再与比较级连用。教育资源 教育资源 2）prefer 后接不定式和

16、动名词作宾语时，意义基本相同。3）preferto结构中的 to 为介词，所以 prefer 和 to 后均对等接名词、代词或动名词。4）在 preferrather than 结构中，prefer 后接 to do，rather than 后接 do.5）prefer sb.to do sth.结构表示“更愿意让别人做某事”，而不是主语做。8.关于 break 的相关表达 break out（坏事）突然发生，爆发 to happen suddenly;to burst Fighting broke out between the two.双方开始了交战。1）表示“发生，爆发”之意的 occu

17、r/happen/take place/break out/come about 都不能用于被动语态。2）break 的常见短语：break up 打碎，分裂，解体，驱散；break down 损坏，出故障，拆毁，失败，崩溃；break in 突然打断；break into 自行闯入，破门而入；break off 中断，折断，突然停止，断交；break out 爆发，突然发生；break through 冲破，穿透，克服；break away from 脱离；break the law 违法；break the ice 打破僵局 辨析：break out，happen 与 take place

18、 break out 多表示“战争、火灾、疾病、争吵等爆发”。A big fire broke out last night in the hotel.昨天夜里这家旅馆发生了一场大火。happen 多指“偶然发生，意外地发生”。如：The accident happened outside my house.事故就发生在我家房子的外面。take place 多指“有计划或事先安排好地发生”，偶尔也指意外发生。如：When will the sports meeting take place?运动会什么时候举行？1.Does this meal cost$50?I _something far

19、better than this!A.prefer B.expect C.suggest D.suppose【解析】语境很重要,说话者认为 50 元花的不值,所以这里 expect 表示“期望、指望”,意思是：我期望 50 元能买到比这好得多的东西。prefer 不符合句意。因此答案是 B。2.Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks _ in disasters.A.turn down B.turn out C.break down D.break out 【解析】本题考查动词短语词义辨析。turn down 关小、调低、拒绝；tu

20、rn out 证明是、结果是、生产；break down 分解、发生故障、失败；break out 爆发。无线网络会瘫痪，所以选 C。3.（2019福建卷）As a grassroots singer,she reads everything she can _ concerning music,and takes every opportunity to improve herself.A.catch sight of B.get hold of C.take charge of D.make mention of 教育资源 教育资源 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名草根歌手，她阅读

21、她能得到的与音乐相关的所有资料，并且利用每一次机会去提高自己。catch sight of 看见，发现；get hold of 把握，抓住，得到；take charge of 负责，接管；make mention of 提到，提及。根据句意可知选择 B 项。4.（2019 全国大纲卷）Caroline doesnt have a gift for music,but she _ it with hard work.A.goes back on B.takes away from C.makes up for D.catches up with 【解析】考查动词短语的用法。句意：卡罗琳没有音乐天

22、赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。此处 make up for 意为“弥补”。根据句意选 C。5.（2019 天津卷）People have always been_ about exactly how life on earth began.A.curious B.excited C.anxious D.careful【解析】句意为：人们一直对世界上的生命起源非常好奇。形容词短语搭配 be curious about 对好奇；excited 兴奋的；anxious 焦虑的；careful 认真的。基础演练 1.选择恰当的单词或短语，并用其正确的形式完成句子。take up be into g

23、et across be worth upside down in order to go through back out set up turn up 1)Our school has _ a special class to help poor readers.2)This novel _ well _ reading once again.3)Sometimes it s very difficult to _ Chinese humor _ to English people.4)_ catch the first bus,he got up very early.5)He was

24、so drunk that he turned the table _.6)My sister _ classical music,while I prefer to rock music.7)Tom should be here at 7 o clock.However,he hasn t _ yet.8)We can only _ the gate one at a time.9)Business affairs _ most of my time.10)I was so nervous to take my first bungee jumping that I even want to

25、 _ at that moment.2.同义句转换。1)My son is very interested in stamp collecting.My son _ _ stamp collecting.2)The TV program is well worth seeing.The TV program is worthy _ _ _.3)He studies hard in order that he can pass the exam._ _ _ pass the exam,he studies hard.4)The twins have a lot in common with ea

26、ch other.The twins _ _ to each other.5)Although she wears fashionable clothes,her room is a total mess.Although she wears fashionable clothes,everything in her room is _ _.巩固提高 教育资源 教育资源 3.根据课文，补全短文。Have you ever tried bungee jumping?Just like other 1)_ sports,bungee jumping is full of 2)_.Its not e

27、asy to decide to take 3)_ bungee jumping,but after doing your first jumping,you will be 4)_ it.For most people,when they turn 5)_ for their first jump,they will feel so nervous that they even want to back 6)_.However,once they are persuaded to go 7)_ with it,they will have the desire to try it once

28、again.So nowadays more and more young people do extreme sports in 8)_ to feel the excitement,which they think are really 9)_ trying.Its very difficult to get 10)_ how exciting it is!答案：基础演练 1.选择恰当的单词或短语，并用其正确的形式完成句子。1)set up 2)is,worth 3)get,across 4)In order to 5)upside down 6)is into 7)turned up 8

29、)go through 9)take up 10)back out 2.同义句转换。1)is into 2)of being seen 3)In order to 4)are similar 5)upside down 巩固提高：3.根据课文，补全短文。1)extreme 2)excitement 3)up 4)into 5)up 6)out 7)through 8)order 9)worth 10)across 1.词形转换。1)extreme _(adv.)2)similarity _(adj.)3)exactly _(adj.)4)risk _(v.)5)equipment _(v.)6

30、)various _(n.)7)prefer _(n.)8)jog _(n.)9)excite _(n.)10)excite _(adj.)2.翻译下面的句子。1)你喜欢什么样的音乐?(be into)_ 2)他们准备上周六举行一个派对，但是在最后一刻又改变主意了。(back out)_ 3)他决定坚持到底，不管有多么困难。(go through with)_ 教育资源 教育资源 4)这本书值得一读。(be worth)_ 5)请把收音机声音开大点行吗?我听不太清楚。(turn up)_ 3.完成下面的句子，每空一词。1)我不能忍受被当众取笑。I cant _ being made fun o

31、f in public.2)我想去尝试一下蹦极。Id _ to try bungee jumping.3)我情愿他下个赛季和我们在一起。I _ him to be with us next season.4)我宁愿待在家里。I would _ stay at home.5)我宁愿坐这个拥挤的公共汽车也不愿意在寒风中再等待一个小时。I _ _ get into the crowded bus rather than wait in chill wind for another hour.I would _ get into the crowded bus _ wait in chill wind

32、 for another hour.4.根据上下文，选择正确的句子完成短文。A.he likes sports B.He is into rock music very much.C.he prefers a bike to a CD.D.I hate rock music.E.He doesnt often play football.Mother:Jacks birthday is coming.Lets buy him a football shirt.Father:A football shirt?1)_ Its all because of you.In my opinion,2)_

33、,but you always say sports are just a waste of time.Mother:Well,its because of me.What about buying him a CD of rock music.3)_ Father:Rock music?Its not music but noises.4)_ Mother:Most parents dont like music.But you know,there is a generation gap between our children and us.Father:That sounds reas

34、onable.What about buying him a new bike?Mother:Oh?.but,we are not that rich.Father:Well,I guess 5)_ Mother:All right,a bike.Lets go.答案：1.词形转换。1)extremely 2)similar 3)exact 4)risk 5)equip 6)variety 7)preference 8)jogging 9)excitement 10)exciting/excited 教育资源 教育资源 2.翻译下面的句子 1)What kind of music are yo

35、u into?2)They were going to have a party last Saturday,but backed out at the last minute.3)No matter how difficult it is,he decides to go through with it.4)This book is worth reading.5)Would you please turn up the radio a little bit?I can t hear it clearly.3.完成下面的句子，每空一词。1)stand/bear 2)like/love 3)p

36、refer 4)rather 5)prefer,to;rather,than 4.根据上下文，选择正确的句子完成短文。1)E 2)A 3)B 4)D 5)C _ _ 一、单选。1.Is Jack still that naughty?Not always.Look!He _ a good boy.A.will be B.is C.is always being D.is being 2.Mrs Brown is forgetful but she _ her key.A.has already lost B.is always losing C.hasnt lost D.never loses

37、 3.Do I have to take this medicine?It _ so terrible.A.tastes B.is tasting C.is tasted D.has tasted 4.Do you still remember the accident?Yes,actually I have experienced nothing _.A.but frightened B.except frightening C.more frightened D.more frightening 5.Are you ready to leave?Almost.Ill be ready to

38、 go as soon as I _ putting the clean dishes away.A.get through B.give up C.go on D.set about 6.If we dont start out now,we must risk _ the train.A.miss B.missing C.being missed D.to miss 7.There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light.A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed

39、 8.His words were very _.Everyone got _ at the bright future described in his speech.A.exciting;exciting B.excited;exciting C.exciting;excited D.excited;excited 9.If I had more time,I would _ golf a hobby.教育资源 教育资源 A.take over B.take up C.take one D.take off 10.I want to buy a pair of shoes to _ thi

40、s suit.A.go over B.go through C.go with D.go back 11.The actress who had been thought highly of _ to be a great disappointment.A.turned down B.turned in C.turned out D.turned up 12.Listen!_.A.There the bell goes B.The bell there goes C.The bell goes there D.There goes the bell 13.E-mail,as well as t

41、elephone,_ an important role in daily communication.A.play B.played C.plays D.are playing 14.Finally,the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.A.which B.what C.whatever D.that 15.I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers,_has a great effect on my life

42、.A.that;which B.when;which C.which;that D.when;who 答案:15 DDADA 610 BBCBC 1115 CDCDB 二、完形填空 The sport of free-climbing climbing rocks using equipment for safety only is one of the various extreme sports,which have grown very 16 world wide:hundreds of thousands of people 17 the sport in the US alone.I

43、ts popularity has grown in part 18 advances in climbing equipment that make climbing 19 .The sport of free-climbing presents a physical and mental 20 with minimal danger.Because of the potential for serious 21,much specialised safety equipment has been devised,22 it a very safe sport in most cases.D

44、etailed knowledge of safety equipment is crucial for safe climbing,however 23 an attention to detail absent in many other 24.There are 25 common techniques for using safety equipment in free-climbing.In one technique,top-roping,a rope from the top of the climb always 26 the climber,making most slips

45、 harmless.In the other technique,leading climbing,the climber attaches the rope 27 the rock at points along the climb.This is not as safe,it 28 more routes to be climbed.Then how to get 29 in the sport?Finding a place to climb is 30 done with one of the many available guidebooks.How to use equipment

46、 safely is 31 learned from an experienced climber,32 some books are available.Most beginners are 33 at how quickly they can get started.Fundamentally,it is not that much different from climbing trees,34 most of us did as children.The 35 is that good rock is more 教育资源 教育资源 trustworthy than a tree.16.

47、A.terrible B.lovely C.popular D.exciting 17.A.make B.practise C.dislike D.take 18.A.because of B.in spite of C.instead of D.ahead of 19.A.harder B.calmer C.cooler D.safer 20.A.experiment B.examination C.challenge D.research 21.A.shake B.injury C.situation D.problem 22.A.having B.letting C.causing D.

48、making 23.A.requires B.misses C.loses D.catches 24.A.items B.studies C.exercises D.sports 25.A.three B.many C.two D.four 26.A.takes B.holds C.catches D.waits 27.A.to B.with C.of D.for 28.A.causes B.gets C.cuts D.allows 29.A.done B.prepared C.worked D.started 30.A.difficulty B.well C.easily D.properly 31.A.fastest B.best C.most D.slowest 32.A.after B.but C.although D.when 33.A.surprised B.glad C.sad D.excited 34.A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing 35.A.report B.result C.problem D.difference 答案：1620 CBADC 2125 BDADC 2630BADDC 3135 BCACD