初中英语八大时态精析附易错题.docx

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1、文末还附有初、高中阶段其它学习资料下载方式，有需要的同学可 以收藏一下。初中英语八大时态精析，附易错题时态在英语中占着举足轻重的作用，学好时态，意味着一只脚已经跨入学好英语 的大门。所以，同学们一定要重视时态，把每个时态的用法弄清楚，多理解，多 思考,并适当辅以习题进行应用和巩固。01一般现在时的用法1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。彳列：every., sometimes,ofen,always,usually, twice a week, at., on Sunday等。I leave home for school at 7 every morning.He wa

2、tches Tv once a week .2）表示普遍真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east ofChina.3）格言或警句。I have studied English for six years.我已经学了六年英语了。（六年前开始学英语，一直学到现在，也可能继续学也可能就此不学了。）3 ） have/has gone to . have/has been to 和 have/has been in 的区别have/ has gone to去了，在去某地的路上或在某地,人还未回来have/

3、has been to曾经去过，人已经回来了have/ has been in已经在，常与一段时间连用如：He has been to Shenyang before.他以前曾去过沈阳。He has been in Shenyang for ten years.他在沈阳10年了。Has he gone to Shenyang?他去沈阳了吗？4）非延续性动词不能用现在完成时+表示一段时间的状语的句型中。这类动词有：come, go, start, leave, die, buy, finish join, borrow, stop 等。但能够用表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的非延续性性动

4、词。arrive, come be here,die be deadfinish, end be overgo out 一 be outjoin be inborrow-keepfinish/end be overclose be closedleave, move be awayfall asleep be asleep08过去完成时1）以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即过去的过去”。As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.2 )在 told, said, knewf heard,

5、 thought 等动词后的宾语从句。She said (that) she had never been to Paris.3)过去完成时的时间状语 before, byf until, whenf after, oncef as soon asoHe said that he had learned some English before.By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left w

6、hen he arrived at the party.中考英语时态答题易错点归纳易错点一、忽略题干的语境1.1 was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I tohalf a dozen other groups.A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given【解析】许多同学可能会简单地根据前面的was giving而误选Ao但事实上， 此题提供的语境是：我当时正在给一群人作报告，这个报告我曾给其他若干批人 讲过。由于was giving为过去进行时，而曾

7、给其他若干批人讲过显然发生 在was giving这一过去时间之前，故用过去完成时，即答案选Ce2. Fatherfor London on business upon my arrival, so I didn t see him. A. has left B. left C. was leaving D. had left【解析】 若单独看 Fatherfor London on business upon my arrival 这 一句，则答案选c或D均可。但是，若结合后面的so I didnz t see him ,则 答案只能选De因为，既然我没有见到他用了过去时态，那么父亲离开 就

8、肯定属于过去的过去，故要用过去完成时。易错点二、滥用时态呼应1.1 in London for many years, but r ve never regretted my finaldecision to move back to China.A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived【解析】许多同学一看到后面的have never regretted为现在完成时，同时选 项C也是现在完成时，结果滥用时态呼应，将答案误选Co其实，此题的最佳答 案是A。句中but后的句子告诉我们，说话者现在已搬回了上海，所以他住在伦 敦应属于过去的事情

9、，故应用一般过去时。2. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they won tsupport him unless he can borrow money from the bank. （2005 湖北卷）A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide【解析】有的同学一看到句中的was hoping，便想当然地认为答案是A或C。实，此题的最佳答案是B ,用现在完成时表示目前决定已经作出。其实，假 若此处填过去时态，它与其后宾语从句中的won t, can也自相矛

10、盾，故应排 除易错点三、忽略简单时态的特殊用法Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane.A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off【解析】此题答案选B ,用现在进行时表示将来意义。The plane is taking off. 的意思是飞机马上就要起飞了。易错点四、忽略排除法的使用I won t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he on it for more

11、 than an hour.A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked【解析】此题选A , has been working为现在完成进行时，是许多中学生不太 熟悉的一种时态，因此要想通过分析句子直接从正面选出答案可能有一定困难。 但是，如果我们用排除法来分析，则问题变得很简单：首先，由于until引导的 是时间状语从句，根据主将从现原则，当主句为将来时态时，时间状语从句 不能直接用将来时态来表示将来意义，据此可排除B和C;而选项D为过去完 成时，也不能选，因为过去完成时必须以过

12、去”为支点，表示过去的过 去，但此句并没有过去时态这一支点，故此选项也被排除。易错点五、误解时态标志”As soon as he comes back, Y II tell him when and see him. （2005北京卷）A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come【解析】许多同学一看到句中的when ,就以为这是一个时间状语从句,认为要 用一般现在时表示将来，故误选了 C。其实，此题的答案是A ,句中的时态标 志词when不是引导一个时间状语从句，而是引导一个宾语从句，也就是说， 它的意思不是当的时候，

13、而是表示“什么时候资料获取方式扫描下方二维码I点击关注公众号公众号发送：初中或高中、小学即可获得相应资料下载链接注意：所有资料都是免费分享，只需要大家点个关注即可。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般 现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4）表示现在时刻的状态、能力、个性或爱好。I dont want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put

14、 the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间 动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句 用一般现在时。02一般过去时的用法1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 z yesterday morning (afte

15、rnoon, vening.),last night (week, month, year.), a moment ago , a week ago, three years ago.just now,等。Where did you go just now?2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child, I often played football in the street.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.3)句型：It is ti

16、me for sb. to do sth 到时间了该了It is time sb. did sth.时间已迟了早该了”It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。It is time you went to bed,你早该睡觉了。4) wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。I thought you might have some.我以为你想要一些。注意：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）M

17、rs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.（含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）1）表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。We are waiting for you.2）表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Mr. Green is writing another novel.（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.3）瞬时动词的进行时一定表示将来的含义。瞬时动词：comeorrivejeavejinishndtartbegin 等。We are arriv

18、ing at London.持续动词的进行时需要加表示将来的时间状语或有将来的语境时才能表将来。I am travelling next month.4 ）与always, constantly, forever等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.03现在进行时1）表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。We are waiting for you.2）表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Mr. Green is writing another novel.（说话时并未在写，

19、只处于写作的状态。）She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.3）瞬时动词的进行时一定表示将来的含义。瞬时动词：come,go.arTiveJeaveJinishcnd,start,begin 等。We are arriving at London.持续动词的进行时需要加表示将来的时间状语或有将来的语境时才能表将来。I am travelling next month.4 ）与always, constantly, forever等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your m

20、ind.04过去进行时1）过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，常和表示过去的状语连 用。例如：（just） then 那时，当时;at this/that time 在这/那时 yesterday afternoon 昨天下午;at nine 在九点;last night 昨晚;（at） this time yesterday在昨天这个时候但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。What were you doing at nine last night?昨晚九点的时候，你在做什么？I was watching TV at home yesterday afte

21、rnoon.我昨天下午正在家里看电视。They were playing football at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他们在踢足球。2）过去进行时也可以表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常与 those days, the whole morning, from 8:00 to 12:00 last night 等时间 状语连用。From 1983 to 1998 , he was teaching at Yale .从1983到1998年，他正在耶鲁大学教书。They were building a bridge last winter.去年冬天他们正在造一

22、座桥。3）过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样,过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时看来 将要发生的动作，常用在间接引语中。Lucy arrived in Beijing last Friday. But she was leaving for Hong Kong the next morning.上周五Lucy到达北京，但第二天早晨就要动身去香港了。She asked him if he was coming back for lunch.她问他午饭是否准备回来吃。4 ）过去进行时与频度副词 always forever , continually , consta

23、ntly 等 连用时表示过去经常反复的动作，常常带有埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爰等情绪。My sister was always forgetting things.（表示埋怨）He was always helping others.（表示赞扬） 05一般将来时1)表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生 的动作。时间状语：tomorrow , soon , next Monday , next year, next weekend , this afternoon , this evening 2) will do表示主观意愿做某事。I will see a movie

24、 this morning.表示客观的不以人的意志为转移的客观将来。Fish will die without water.表示临时决定。Mom, where is the newspaper?Wait a moment. I will get it for you.3) be going to +do表示计划，安排要发生的事。The play is going to be produced next montho表示有迹象要发生的事06过去将来时立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语:the next day(morningz year.)zthe following

25、month(week.)zetc.He said he would go to Beijing theI didnt know if she was going to comeoWang Lei said that she was going to visit her uncle next Saterdayo07现在完成时1）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。标志词：already, yet, just, ever, never, beforeI have finished my homework.我做完家庭作业了。（过去某时开始做，到现在已完成。）2）表示：过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，并且有可能继续下去。标志词：for, since, since.ago