英语新外研必修四讲义MODULE4SECTIONⅡINTRODUCTIONREADING—LANGUAGEPOINTS.docx

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1、Section IIIntroduction&Readinw j Laneiiage Poiiits识记清单把基础打牢一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快-记得多1 .根底词汇1 .biology n.生物学2 .figure n.人物3 .species n.（动物或植物的）种4.yield几产量5.breakthrough n. 突破6.support vt.支持7 .convert vt.转变；转换8 .export vt.出 口9 .replace vt.取代；以代替10 .quantity n,数量11 .quality n, 质量n.拓展词汇1 .producer n. 生产者一pro

2、duce v. 生 产f product n. 产品 f production n.生产；产量2.leading 主要的-Header 领袖 -lead v. 巾着；通往3.educate ”.教育 f education n.教育 f educator n.教育者4.original 力.原来的;最初的f origin n.起源f originally。流;.最初，原 先5.agriculture n.农业f agricultural adj. 农业的1.leading。功,主要的同义 major, chief, primary2 .breakthrough n.突破词块make a bre

3、akthrough取得突破；攻破联想breakthrough是由短语break through构成的合 成词，类似的还有：put out生产，输出f output6 产量，输出break out爆发f outbreak .爆发，发作e out消失f oute结果，后果stand out 突出，惹眼f outstanding 矽.杰出的3 .yield n.产量同义production; output4 .export vt. & n. 出口反义import v. & n.进口tity n.数量比拟quality .质量6.producer n. 生厂者记法后缀-er是名词的标志，表示从事某种职

4、业的 人photographer摄影师performer演出人员cleaner清洁工 reporter记者manager经理 writer作家7.convert”转变；转换同义change; switch8. Its said that scientists have made a big breakthrough in the cancer treatment.据说科学家们在癌症的治疗方面已取得突破性进展。M课文语法填空Yuan Longping is a 1 .leading (lead) figure in the rice-growing world, born and brought

5、 up in China. When he was a boy, he 2,was educated (educate) in many schools, and was given the nickname, “the student 3.who/that asks questions.”He was interested in plants from an early age, and he studied agriculture in college. 4.As a young teacher, he began experiments in crop breeding. He thou

6、ght there was only one way 5.to haye (have) more rice quickly. That was to cross different species of rice plant. Then he began his search for a special type of rice plant. It had to be male and sterile. When the 6.naturally (nature) sterile male rice plant was discovered in 1970, it was a breakthro

7、ugh. As a result, China*s rice production rose 7,by 47.5% in the 1990*s. And 50 thousand square kilometers of rice fields 8.were converted (convert) to growing vegetables and other cash crops. 9.Following (follow) this, Yuan Longpings rice was exported to some other lO.countries (country).V.串点成篇微表达众

8、所周知，读书是翻开学问宝库的关键(the key)。由于(as a result of)电子产品的消失， 如 、网络等，人们越来越依靠它们。而越来越少的人对读书感爱好(be interested in)o更 多闻名科学家被请来(bring in)以找到解决这个问题的方法。很多人在会上提出(bring up) 了各种建议。通过读书，人们的头脑可以变得(convert)更敏捷。我们认为(figure out)读 书人的数量可能会上升(rise by) 60%oAs wan know,reading. is the key to the treasure house of knowledgeAs a

9、 result ofLthe electric products,such as phones,thentemet,people rely more on them Unfortunately , fewejand fewe】 people a】e inteiested in reading.More famous scientists were brought in to find out a solution to this probIemMany ofLthem brought up alLkind s ofLsuggestions at the meetingPeople can be

10、 conveted to open-minded ones byeading mor已We figu】e out that the number wilLrise by 60%.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧I .完形填空There was a couple who used to go to England to shop in the beautiful stores. 1 of them liked antiques and pottery, especially 2 .One day in a 3 they saw a beautiful teacup. They said, “May

11、 we see that? Weve 4 seen one so beautiful/7 As the lady handed it to them, the teacup spoke.“You dont 6, it said. I havent always been a teacup. There was a time that I was red clay. My took me, rolled me and patted me over and over and I yelled out, Leave me alone.? But he only smiled, Not yet/ Th

12、en he put me in the oven. I never felt such 8 . I wondered why he wanted to 9 me, and I yelled, and knocked 10 the door. I could seehim through the opening and I could 11 his lips as he shook his head, Not yet/ Then I knew there wasnt any 12 .1 would never make it. I was ready to 13 . But the door o

13、pened and he took me out and placed me on the shelf. One hour later he handed me a 14 and said, Look at yourself.And I did. I said, That,s not me; that couldnt be me. Its 15JIwant you to remember, then， he said. I know it hurts you to be rolled and patted. 16if Ihad just left you alone, youd have dr

14、ied up. I know it hurt and was hot and 17 in the oven, but if I hadnt put you there, you would have 18 . Now you are a finished product. You are1 9I had in mind when I first began with you/ If you do not 20 the wind and rain, how can you see the rainbow?语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章以拟人的手法描述了精致茶杯的制作过程。从 红泥到茶杯成形

15、需要经过烈火的历练。这一过程告知我们：玉不琢，不成器。1. A.A11B. BothC. NeitherD. None解析：选B 由上文提到了 a couple及下文语境可知，他们两人都喜爱古董和陶器，应选B项。all用于三者或三者以上；neither, none用于否认句中。2. A上owlsB - bottlesC. glassesD. teacups解析：选D下文主要围绕teacup来叙述，故此处应选teacups。3. A.gardenB , churchC shopD. hall解析：选C由文章首句“to shop in the beautiful stores/7可知，他们是去商店

16、购物,应选shopo4. A.neverB. oftenC alwaysD- ever解析：选A由上文他们想看这个茶杯可知，他们从来没有见过这么美丽的茶杯。5. A.slowlyB , suddenlyC. quicklyD. gradually解析：选B茶杯开口说话，对这对夫妇来说是突然地，含有意外之意。6. A.answerB- plainC worryD. understand解析：选D由茶杯介绍自己的成品过程来看，茶杯认为别人不明白。7. A.fatherB . brotherC masterD. inventor解析：选C这里应当是指茶杯的仆人。master意为“仆人。8. A.wa

17、rmthB. heatC. coolnessD. coldness解析：选B warmth意为“暖和；heat意为“热”；coolness意为“凉快；coldness意为“寒冷。由上文Then he put me in the oven.”可知，炉火的温度是很高的，故只能用heato9. A.burnB. killC. hurtD. heat解析：选A 仆人把它放在炉火中是为了烧制茶杯，没有想杀它或是损害它的意思。句意：我想知道他为什么想烧我。10. A.downB. outC - intoD. at解析：选Dknock at the door为固定搭配，意为“敲门”。茶杯敲门是想让仆人放它出

18、去。11. A.findB . touchC readD. feel解析：选Cread在此意为“读懂。12. A.ideaB, hopeC. adviceD. opinion解析：选B由上文中“shook his head Not yet.及下文中“I would never make it.可知，茶杯对仆人能放自己出去已经不抱盼望了。13. A.give upB set outC. help outD work on解析：选A 上文茶杯说自己已经不抱有盼望，因此预备要放弃。14. A.telephoneB. photoCpaperD mirror解析：选D由下文“Look at yourse

19、lf.可知，仆人拿镜子让茶杯看自己。15. A.secretB . luckyC beautifulD strange解析：选C由上文they saw a beautiful teacup 可知，成形后的茶杯很美丽。16. A.AndB. ButC. SoD. Or解析：选B前后形成转折关系，故用but。17. A.disagreeableB - fortableC. valuableD. changeable解析：选A disagreeable意为“不开心的；fortable意为“舒适的；valuable意为 宝贵的；changeable意为“易变的。在火炉中很热，自然是不开心的。18. A

20、.succeededB. remainedC. survivedD. cracked解析：选D 句意：假如我不把你放在那里，你将会裂开。由常识可知，烧制好的瓷器 比红土牢固得多。19. A.whoB. whichD. thatC. what解析：选C句意：你现在就是开头时我想象中的样子。20. A.avoidB experienceC. expectD. promise解析：选B 不经受风雨，怎么见彩虹？ experience意为经受。 n.短文改错It was in Beijing which I attended a ten-day winter camp during Spring Fe

21、stival this year. Not only do we visit many places of interest and we also listened to many lectures. How exciting I was when we visited a new sports stadium! It is ten times big than our school.Though everyone said the lectures were boring, but I enjoyed myself. I thought most of the activities, th

22、at expanded my knowledge and enriched my experience, was wonderful. Finally, I do hope that more outdoor activities will be organising so that we can learn more about Beijing.答案：第一句：whichthat; Spring 前加 the其次句：dof did; andf but第三句：excitingexcited第四句：big-bigger第五句：buff yet或去掉but第六句：thatf which; waswe

23、re第七句：organising-,organised二、这样记短语记坚固定短语多积常用词块1. bring up培育；哺育2. as a result of由于的结果3. experiment with sth.用某物做试验4. bring in赚（钱）；带进；传入5. the key to .的关键6. be interested in .对感爱好7. rise by增加了8. convert. to . 把 转变成9. carry out贯彻，实施，执行1. a leading figure一位杰出人士2. give sb. a nickname 给某人起外号3. make a brea

24、kthrough 取得突破4. different types of 不同类型的5. from all over China 来自全国各地6. cash crop经济作物7. crop breeding 作物育种8. e true 实现9. in the field of science 在科学领域三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用l.He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键 在于拥有更多的稻米，并且能更快 地生产出来

25、。不定式短语作表 语，表示对主语的 解释说明。I think that the key to learning English well is to_ practice_more. 我认为学好英语的关键是多加 练习。2.He thought there was only one way to do this by crossing different species of rice plant.他想只有一种方法可以做这件事 通过杂交不同品种的水 稻way作“方式，方 法”讲时，其后面 常接to do或of doing作定语。She could no longer find a_way_to _

26、get_into the valley.她再也找不到进山谷的路了。3.Its yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan.它的产量比巴基斯坦种植的其他类 型的水稻要高很多。过去分词（短语）作 后置定语。Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent_with_his_studeets.吉姆已经退休，但是他仍旧记得 和同学度过的那些欢乐时间。重点理析将新知全握第一板块核心词汇集释1 .（教材 P32）In the

27、 rice-growing world, the Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is a leading figure.在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平是一位杰出人士。figure n.人物；数字；体形；图形”计算；认为写出以下句中figure的含义He is an important political figure in Indian history. 人物The wall is covered with figures of birds and flowers. 图形I will exercise more to keep my figure.体形A

28、dd all the figures, and youll get a larger one.数字figure out计算出；想出；弄明白，理解keep ones figure保持体形Sam couldnt figure out how to print out the document until the teacher showed it to him.直到老师给萨姆做了演示之后，他才明白怎样把文档打印出来。Many women want to keep their figures by taking more exercise these days.如今，很多女性都想通过多运动保持体形。

29、同f+F人物 体形数字图形2 .（教材 P32）Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China.袁隆平在中国诞生并长大。bring up培育；哺育;提出；呕吐写出以下句中bring up的含义He brought up a practical plan at the meeting, which brought down the cost of production.提出He was drunk and brought up what he had eaten at midnight.呕吐Her parents died when she was

30、a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 哺育bring about引起；导致bring back归还吏想起bring down降低；削减bring in引进；赚得，挣得The question whether it is good for children to be brought up by their grandparents broughtabout a heated discussion.孩子被他们的祖父母抚养大是否对孩子有好处这个问题引起了一场热闹的争论。The government has taken measures to brin

31、g down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.为了使市场稳定，政府已实行措施降低日用品的高价格。New ideas have been brought in since China was opened to the outside world.中国自对外开放以来，引进了很多新的思想。3 .（教材 P32）This was the breakthrough.这是一个突破。breakthrough n.（学问或技术领域的重大）突破make a breakthrough取得突破（进展）break through冲破，

32、突破；克服An important breakthrough in medical research has been achieved.医学争论已取得了重大突破。Scientists have made a breakthrough in their treatment of that disease.科学家在治疗那种疾病方面已有所突破。Our soldiers quickly broke through the enemys defence works.我们的战士很快突破了敌人的防备工事。4 .（教材 P32）The research was supported by the govern

33、ment.这项争论得到了政府的支持。support vt.支持，拥护；供给，抚养；支撑，托住.支撑物；支持写出以下句中support的词性及意思The majority of people in the town strongly support the plan to build a playground for children.a支持，拥护His idea to organize a big party has won support from his friends.几支持The middle part of the bridge is supported by two huge to

34、wers.a支撑，托住He needs a higher ine to support such a big family.。.供给，抚养support sb. in sth.在方面支持某人in support of支持，拥护with the support of在的支持下In support of his sister, he sold his only house to pay the school fee.为了支持他的妹妹，他卖掉了他唯一的房子为妹妹支付学费。We believe China-North Korea ties will be with the support of the

35、 leaders and people ofthe two countries.我们信任中朝两国的关系会得到两国人民及的支持。5 .(教材 P32)As a result of Yuan Longping*s discoveries Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 19901s.由于袁隆平的发觉，中国的水稻产量在20世纪90年月增长了 47.5%oas a result of由于，由于(表示缘由)；作为的结果(1 )as a result结果，因此without result ( = in vain)徒劳地，无结果地(2)

36、result in导致，造成(后接结果)(=lead to/bring about)result from起因于，因而造成(后接缘由)The football match was put off as a result of the storm.由于暴风雨，足球赛被推迟了。His laziness resulted in his failure; thats to say, his failure resulted from his laziness.懒散导致了他的失败，也就是说，他的失败是由于他的懒散造成的。He studied hard last term and, as a result

37、, he passed the examination.上学期他学习很用功，结果考试及格了。辨析比拟as a result, as a result ofas a result意为“因此；结果，后面的局部表示结果，用在句中常用逗号隔开As a result of意为“作为的结果；由于，of后跟名词、代词或动名词，表示缘由选用上述短语完成句子As a result of the big fire, thousands of people lost their homes.=There was a big fire. As a result, thousands of people lost th

38、eir homes.由于这场大火，数以万计的人们失去了家园。6 .（教材 P32）The new rice replaced vegetables in 50 thousand square kilometres.在5万平方千米的田地中，这种新型水稻种植取代了蔬菜种植。replace vt.取代；以代替；放回原处You have to replace the books on the shelves before you leave.你离开之前必需把书放回书架上。Do you think it is possible that robots will replace the workers i

39、n the workplace in the future?你认为将来机器人会取代工人工作吗？replace sth. with/by sth.用/以代替/替换take the place of = take ones place代替in place of代替It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with/by a modern hotel or not.老汽车站是否应当被一个现代化的宾馆代替仍旧在争论之中。John is ill and I want to know who is

40、 going to replace him.f John is ill and I want to know who is going to take the place o him/take his place.约翰病了，我想知道谁将代替他。7 .(教材 P33)A yield refers to quantity.产量指的是数量。quantity n.数量(l)a large quantity of+可数名词/不行数名词大量的(作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式) large quantities of + .可数名词/不行数名词大量的(作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式)(2)in quantity

41、大量地，成批地Now many panies are more concerned with quality than with quantity.现在很多公司对质量比对产量更重视。A quantity of money has been spent in bringing up his children.=Quantities of money have been spent (spend) in bringing up his children.他在教育孩子方面花了很多钱。This medicine will be produced in quantity next year.这种药明年将

42、要大量生产。名师点津a large quantity of和large quantities of后既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不行数 名词，修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词的数和quantity的数保持全都，即quantity假设是单数, 那么谓语动词用单数；反之，那么谓语动词用复数。第二板块I重点句型解构1. He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米，并且能更快地生产出来。句中to have more r

43、ice and to produce it more quickly是不定式短语作表语，表示对主语 的解释说明。Our duty is to help the young children to grow better.我们的职责是关心孩子们更好地成长。My dream is to be (be) an expert in education.我的幻想是当一个教育方面的专家。Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants children.我们的方案是给农夫子弟再建一所中学。名师点津不定式短语作表语时，假设主语局部含有动

44、词do的某种形式，在不定式 中的t。可以省略。The only thing that she wants to do now is (to) go for a holiday.现在她唯一想做的事就是去度假。2. He thought there was only one way to do this - by crossing different species of rice plant, and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plan

45、ts.他想只有一种方法可以做这件事通过杂交不同品种的水稻，然后他可以培育出一种 新的水稻，这种水稻可以比原先的任何一种产量更高。本句中的way作“方式，方法讲，其后面常接三种形式的定语：不定式the way to do sth.动名词the way of doing sth.定语从句the way(in) which thatJAs far as Im concerned, there is only one possible way to keep/of keeping away from the danger.在我看来，只有一种可能的方法可以远离危急。I don*t like the wa

46、y (in which/that) he speaks.我不喜爱他说话的方式。The way (that/which) he told us surprised all of us.他告知我们的方法使我们全部人都很惊讶。课时检测把知能落实课堂一刻钟迁移训练I.单句语法填空1. Up to now, large quantities of food have been sent (send) to Africa to save the starving people.2. More and more people realize that the key to solving (solve) the problem is to reduce (reduce) pollution.3. We hope to break through soon in the fight against AIDS.4. Since then finding ways to grow (grow) more peanuts has been hi