高考英语专项指导.ppt

《高考英语专项指导.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语专项指导.ppt（46页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、高考英语专项指导高考英语专项指导短文改错短文改错1.She said she and my classmate all wished me success.2.Visiting friends is one of the most common occurrence in our everyday life.3.I saw your name on a list of teacher who wished to spend their holidays in France this summer.4.This is really a problem we Chinese official pa

2、y more attention to.(classmates)(occurrences)(teachers)(officials)错误类型例析错误类型例析(1)名词错误名词错误名词错误主要考查名词单复数错误。确定名名词错误主要考查名词单复数错误。确定名词单复数的方法：词单复数的方法：看修饰语。可数名词前看修饰语。可数名词前若有数词及若有数词及many,a lot of,quite a few,one of,all the(ones)等修饰时，要用复数。等修饰时，要用复数。主谓的一致。主谓的一致。可数名词前无单数修饰语，可数名词前无单数修饰语，一定要用复数一定要用复数。看其他限定。看其他限定。

3、5.Is it true that some Germen will come to visit our school next week?6.There are so many kinds of computers on sale that we cant make up our mind which to buy.7.All the woman doctors in the hospital got a present on the eighth of March.Germansmindswomen1.As I am inexperienced teacher,Im afraid I ha

4、ve little to say about the subject.2.One of the students who were sitting in front gave a different answer to the question.3.The computer is an useful machine that can do many things for us.4.A great celebration was held in the Peoples Square on the National Day.(an)(the)(a)(the)错误类型例析错误类型例析(2)冠词错误冠

5、词错误冠词是英语中特有的词类。由于汉语中没有冠词是英语中特有的词类。由于汉语中没有相对应的词类，所以中国学生对它的用法感相对应的词类，所以中国学生对它的用法感到非常难以掌握。短文改错对冠词的考查几到非常难以掌握。短文改错对冠词的考查几乎年年都有，但多是基本用法如：不可数名乎年年都有，但多是基本用法如：不可数名词表泛指，前面多冠词；词表泛指，前面多冠词；专有名词前多冠词专有名词前多冠词；单数可数名词前缺冠词单数可数名词前缺冠词;不定冠词不定冠词a,an与定冠与定冠词词the的误用以及的误用以及固定搭配中的冠词错误固定搭配中的冠词错误等。等。5.Many people agree that the

6、 knowledge of English is a must in international trade.6.He failed but he wanted to try the second time.7.How beautifully she sings!Ive never heard the better voice.8.A few friends hed made there were all invited to his birthday party.aaa(The)1.Mr.Johnson gave his friends,Mary and I,a tea party.2.I

7、have the same idea as his.3.We got on the school bus and which took us straight to the Peoples Park.mehe/himit错误类型例析错误类型例析(3)代词错误代词错误代词错误主要有人称代词格的误用，不定代代词错误主要有人称代词格的误用，不定代词使用错误，作形式主语与词使用错误，作形式主语与形式宾语形式宾语it的遗漏的遗漏或或误用误用以及以及代词所指代代词所指代的内容与先行词在性的内容与先行词在性和数方面和数方面不一致不一致等。等。5.The football team has done well

8、 this year.All of their members have trained hard.6.He designed new tools which were fit for the users when they worked with it.7.Havent I made this clear that you mustnt spit everywhere?itsthemit1.Im sure your illness is caused by something more seriously than overwork.2.2.The mixture of coffee,mil

9、k,and sugar tastes differently from tea.3.My hometown has taken on a new look.How great it has changed!4.He listened to his heart and said there was nothing serious wrong with him.seriousdifferentgreatlyseriously错误类型例析错误类型例析(4)词性错误词性错误根据词在句中的位置及与其他词的修饰与被修根据词在句中的位置及与其他词的修饰与被修饰的关系来确定词的正确形式，词在句中不同饰的关系来

10、确定词的正确形式，词在句中不同的句法功能要求使用相应的词性。词性误用包的句法功能要求使用相应的词性。词性误用包括形容词副词误用和其他词性误用。连系动词括形容词副词误用和其他词性误用。连系动词后或名词前用形容词，后或名词前用形容词，修饰行为动词修饰行为动词、形容词、形容词副词、过去分词或整个句子用副词。副词、过去分词或整个句子用副词。5.Usually at the begin of a meeting,we sang the national song.6.When I heard the steps outside,I hurriedly went up to the window to s

11、ee who past by.beginningpassed1.Do you know what subjects they study while they were at college?2.It was a long time since I saw Tom at my uncles and I dont know where hes been these months.3.The ship hardly left the port when a terrible storm came.4.The time is sure to come when my words come true.

12、studiedishadwill错误类型例析错误类型例析(5)时态与语态错误时态与语态错误时态错误：根据语境用错时态时态错误：根据语境用错时态;根据句子结构或句根据句子结构或句意用错时态意用错时态;根据连词对称性原则用错时态及根据根据连词对称性原则用错时态及根据时间状语用错时态。解题时应根据特定的语境、特时间状语用错时态。解题时应根据特定的语境、特定的时间状语提示，正确调整时态。定的时间状语提示，正确调整时态。语态错误：是该用被动语态却用了主动语态语态错误：是该用被动语态却用了主动语态或不能用于被动语态的词如或不能用于被动语态的词如happen,take place,occur,sell we

13、ll,belong to等却用了被动语态。等却用了被动语态。5.The rule requires that everyone has his bike,new or old,checked once a year.6.There by the river sitting an old man who seemed to be fishing.7.You are wet all over.You must have caught in the sudden heavy rain.8.In the summer of 1998,serious floods were occurred in ma

14、ny parts of China.havesatbeen(were)1.We must do everything we can help Lin Ping in his first year of teaching.2.She did nothing but cried all day.3.Jack was said to be made stay behind by his teacher after school yesterday.4.People expect their electing officials to be honest.to(cry)toelected错误类型例析错

15、误类型例析(6)非谓语动词错误非谓语动词错误主要是不定式符号主要是不定式符号to的多余与遗漏，动名的多余与遗漏，动名词作主语和介词宾语时误用原形动词，现词作主语和介词宾语时误用原形动词，现在分词与过去分词的误用等。在分词与过去分词的误用等。6.Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to set up some schools for poor children.7.Dr Tichauer has discovered that use the same tools all day long for many years will cause

16、 serious illnesses.8.There was no more buses,they had no choice but to walk home.settingusingbeing错误类型例析错误类型例析(7)冗言错误冗言错误冗言错误是指受汉语的影响，句中用了多余的冗言错误是指受汉语的影响，句中用了多余的词，造成语义重复。主要有形容词副词比较级词，造成语义重复。主要有形容词副词比较级前用了多余的前用了多余的more，动词后接介词或副词造成，动词后接介词或副词造成语义重复以及句中使用多余的词等。语义重复以及句中使用多余的词等。1.I never knew that a ride

17、down a river could be so much exciting.2.We must study hard in order to serve for the people better in the future.3.I hope that both you two could come and visit us some time soon.4.Today I visited the Smiths-my first time visit to an American family.(time)(both)(for)(much)1.It is a very important e

18、xamination but I cant afford to fail it.2.The new person on the job feels better after he and she has played tennis with other people in the office.3.In some places you can borrow many books as you want.4.People in industrial countries can expect to live for twice so long as people who lived a few h

19、undred years ago.asorsoas错误类型例析错误类型例析(8)连词错误连词错误 连词连词(conjunction)错误主要有并列连词错误主要有并列连词and,but,or的误用、固定搭配中的连词使用错误以的误用、固定搭配中的连词使用错误以及根据上下文的关系连词使用错误等。解题时及根据上下文的关系连词使用错误等。解题时要根据词与词、句子与句子之间的关系来判断要根据词与词、句子与句子之间的关系来判断连接词的使用是否正确或是否多余或遗漏，要连接词的使用是否正确或是否多余或遗漏，要注意句子结构的完整性。注意句子结构的完整性。6.Most people can get help fro

20、m a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.7.Its years after I painted a picture.8.We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do.butsincewhenThere was once a farmer worked very hard 1._ every day.One day when he was hoeing in the 2._ sunshine,he suddenly listened a low sound 3._ “Peng!

21、”.He turned and hurried to the tree.He found a rabbit dying.He took held of the 4._ rabbit and was exciting.“What a rabbit!Ill 5._ have it to dinner!”Then he had a good idea,6._ “Why cant I wait for more rabbits here?Its cool under the tree.”So he dropped off his hoe and wait there.But day after day

22、,there 7._ had no more rabbits coming.What was worse,8 _ all the his crops were dead.The story tells 9._ us that you want to get something,you must 10._ work hard for it.Remember,“No pains,no gains!”who heardholdexcitedforwaitedweretheif1.Will you join in us if we decide to do the new experiment?2.L

23、isa was working as a secretary in a big firm for the first time I met her.3.She goes to visit her parents in the country once in a month.4.The discovery shes made in medicine is great importance to science.(in)(for)(in)(of)错误类型例析错误类型例析(9)介词错误介词错误介词错误有介词的遗漏、副词性和连词性词组介词错误有介词的遗漏、副词性和连词性词组前使用多余的介词及固定搭配中

24、的介词误用等。前使用多余的介词及固定搭配中的介词误用等。5.She had a feeling that the sad-looking man 5.She had a feeling that the sad-looking man was not a person she could trust or talk.was not a person she could trust or talk.6.It took place in the afternoon when I met you 6.It took place in the afternoon when I met you in t

25、he street.in the street.7.We are hoping that a concert will soon be 7.We are hoping that a concert will soon be given,on which the works of Liszt will be given,on which the works of Liszt will be played.played.8.Caribbean music is quite popular in Britain,8.Caribbean music is quite popular in Britai

26、n,and it is very good music to dance.and it is very good music to dance.(to)(on)(at)(to)1.The first passengers had left the sinking ship 1.The first passengers had left the sinking ship were women and children.were women and children.2.The technicians took a single day to complete 2.The technicians

27、took a single day to complete the work I had planned to finish it within a the work I had planned to finish it within a week.week.3.All of a sudden the lights went out in the 3.All of a sudden the lights went out in the dinning-room,where the guests were having dinning-room,where the guests were hav

28、ing dinner there.dinner there.4.In class our teacher spoke to us about the 4.In class our teacher spoke to us about the writer and his works which were still writer and his works which were still unknown to us all.unknown to us all.(who/that)(that)(it)(there)错误类型例析错误类型例析(10)定语从句错误定语从句错误从句中缺少作主语的关系代词

29、。从句中缺少作主语的关系代词。从句中从句中使用了多余的人称代词。使用了多余的人称代词。that与与which的误的误用。用。关系代词与关系副词的误用。关系代词与关系副词的误用。非限非限制性定语从句中使用人称代词、物主代词、制性定语从句中使用人称代词、物主代词、指示代词。指示代词。从句谓语动词的人称和数与先从句谓语动词的人称和数与先行词不一致。行词不一致。定语从句与强调句型误用。定语从句与强调句型误用。5.I dont think it is one of the best films that 5.I dont think it is one of the best films that ha

30、s ever been shown this year.has ever been shown this year.6.It was not until 1979 when he got happily 6.It was not until 1979 when he got happily back to work.back to work.7.At that time something unexpected 7.At that time something unexpected happened to his family,this made it happened to his fami

31、ly,this made it necessary for him to stop school and work necessary for him to stop school and work in society.in society.8.I decided to write Chaplin,one of his films I 8.I decided to write Chaplin,one of his films I had seen seven years before.had seen seven years before.(whose)(which)(that)(have)

32、1.The number of passengers killed in the 1.The number of passengers killed in the accident were surprising.accident were surprising.2.Not every student in all the classes know the 2.Not every student in all the classes know the importance of mastering the English importance of mastering the English

33、language.language.3.All through his life Einstein believed fighting 3.All through his life Einstein believed fighting and killing in war were wrong.and killing in war were wrong.4.Going to bed early and getting up early are a 4.Going to bed early and getting up early are a good habit.good habit.(was

34、)(knows)(was)(is)错误类型例析错误类型例析(11)主谓一致错误主谓一致错误谓语动词的人称和数与主语不一致。谓语动词的人称和数与主语不一致。5.Although many of the houses in the small 5.Although many of the houses in the small town are still in need of repair,there have town are still in need of repair,there have been much improvement in their been much improvem

35、ent in their appearances.appearances.6.The first two questions in the test paper were 6.The first two questions in the test paper were difficult,but the rest was easy.difficult,but the rest was easy.7.Nick is looking for another job because 7.Nick is looking for another job because nothing he does s

36、atisfy his boss.nothing he does satisfy his boss.8.Anyone can borrow books and it cost nothing 8.Anyone can borrow books and it cost nothing to borrow them.to borrow them.(has)(were)(satisfies)(costs)1.It didnt matter that I would win or not.2.If you hear something you dont understand,just listen ca

37、lmly,and it will help you to make clear that you dont understand.3.Little is known about his childhood except he began to work in a factory at the age of ten.(whether)(what)(that)错误类型例析错误类型例析(12)名词性从句错误名词性从句错误 主要是连接词的多余、遗漏和误用。主要是连接词的多余、遗漏和误用。5.What the old mans son wanted to know is 5.What the old m

38、ans son wanted to know is why the gold had been hidden.why the gold had been hidden.6.What modern science and technology helps 6.What modern science and technology helps the society progress is a fact accepted by the society progress is a fact accepted by most people.most people.7.What the doctor re

39、ally doubts is that my 7.What the doctor really doubts is that my mother will recover from the serious illness.mother will recover from the serious illness.8.Youre responsible to whomever is in charge 8.Youre responsible to whomever is in charge of sales.of sales.(That)(where)(whether)(whoever)1.He

40、looked at the children playing under the tree and feeling very pleased.2.Playing football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.3.I keep a bakery open not to do business but make sure the shop is safe.(felt)(gives)(to)错误类型例析错误类型例析(13)平行结构错误平行结构错

41、误 在表达相同的概念是要使用相同的语法结构，在表达相同的概念是要使用相同的语法结构，即动词与动词想配（其时态及其他变化形式要即动词与动词想配（其时态及其他变化形式要一致），形容词与形容词相配，分词与分词相一致），形容词与形容词相配，分词与分词相配，短语与短语相配等。平行结构常借助于连配，短语与短语相配等。平行结构常借助于连词词and,or,but,以及连词词组以及连词词组not onlybut also,not.but,eitheror,as well as,rather than 等。等。6.The first thing she could do was go up to her trai

42、ner and thanked her for all the help she had given her.7.Charles and Linda Manson do all of these things as well as climbed buildings.8.I told Father,Mother,Sister,all my friends what a time I had.(thank)(climbing)(and)错误类型例析错误类型例析(14)词语误用词语误用 主要是对英语中的同义词、近义词辨认不清主要是对英语中的同义词、近义词辨认不清而造成的错误。而造成的错误。1.Th

43、e teacher saw a broken cup and tried to 1.The teacher saw a broken cup and tried to find who had broken it.find who had broken it.2.It makes you good to lie in the sunshine or 2.It makes you good to lie in the sunshine or swim in the sea.swim in the sea.3.She fixed all the radios besides the smalles

44、t 3.She fixed all the radios besides the smallest one,because there were no parts for it.one,because there were no parts for it.4.From the fact we can say whos right and 4.From the fact we can say whos right and whos wrong.whos wrong.(out)(well)(except)(tell)5.Please open the letter and tell me what

45、 it 5.Please open the letter and tell me what it writes.writes.6.The room was too cold for a ninety-year-old 6.The room was too cold for a ninety-year-old woman to live in,so they made a fire to get woman to live in,so they made a fire to get the temperature risen.the temperature risen.7.In my opini

46、on,they were not possible to give 7.In my opinion,they were not possible to give up the chance of taking part in the up the chance of taking part in the international book fair.international book fair.8.I couldnt see a word on the blackboard as I 8.I couldnt see a word on the blackboard as I didnt s

47、it closely to it.didnt sit closely to it.(close)(likely)(raised)(about)错误类型例析错误类型例析(15)行文逻辑错误行文逻辑错误 行文逻辑错误是短文改错中最难的一种设计行文逻辑错误是短文改错中最难的一种设计形式。要识别和改正这种错误，必须通篇形式。要识别和改正这种错误，必须通篇考虑，从全文以及句与句之间的逻辑关系考虑，从全文以及句与句之间的逻辑关系上去判断是否有与全文或句与句之间的语上去判断是否有与全文或句与句之间的语境不一致的错误表达。境不一致的错误表达。We dont have to be doctors give so

48、mebody 1._ first aid.And we have to know how to 2._ do first aid.If it is quick and correctly 3._ given,we can save somebodys life.Last winter,when Mike was trying to climb the tree,4._ he lost his footing and falling off the tree.5._ One of his legs was bleeding bad.I tried to 6._ give him first aid.First I tried with a clean cloth and tied my handkerchief onto the bleeding 7._ point.I ask him to hold up the leg when I ran to8_ call a taxi.He was sent to hospital in the time.9._ And the doctor praised me what I had done.10_toButquicklyafellbadlyaskedthefor