15句雅思写作框架-雅思写作真经总纲.doc

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1、15句雅思写作框架-雅思写作真经总纲雅思写作Task 2 分析与范文精解15句逻辑框架高级版本A 15Sentence Solution to IELTS Writing15句雅思写作高级版第一段引出话题表达观点第1句 引入背景第2句 交代辩论话题第3句 表达写作观点第二段讲道理第4句 第一论据，中心句第5句 进一步具体阐述理由，拓展第6句 所以，观点成立第三段举例子第7句 第二论据，中心句第8句 举例，经典个例或排比例证第9句 例证解释说明第四段让步第10句 讨论反方观点第11句 反方论据第12句 驳斥反方或部分同意反方第五段结论第13句 重申写作观点第14句 不能忽视反方观点第15句 思想

2、立意提升15句逻辑框架初级版本A 15Sentence Solution to IELTS Writing15句雅思写作初级版第一段引出话题表达观点第1句 Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about 引入背景第2句 However， whether is a controversial issue。交代辩论话题第3句 My view is that 表达写作观点第二段讲道理第4句 First, it is obvious that 第一论据，中心句第5句 （This is because） 进一步具体阐述理由，拓展第

3、6句 So, 所以，观点成立第三段举例子第7句 Moreover， 第二论据,中心句第8句 For example， 举例，经典个例或排比例证第9句 例证解释说明第四段让步第10句 That is not to say that not 讨论反方观点第11句 Of course, 反方论据第12句 But 驳斥反方或部分同意反方观点第五段结论第13句 In sum, 重申写作观点第14句 Meanwhile, 不能忽视反方观点第15句 By doing so we can make sure that 思想立意提升Writing Task 2Some people think that uni

4、versities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake， regardless of whether the course is useful to an employer.What, in your opinion, should be the main fu

5、nction of a university？第1句：背景介绍Nowadays， an increasing number of people are concerned about the purpose of university education.现在，越来越多的人关心大学教育的目的.Explanation：l Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about the phenomenon that l Nowadays， an increasing number of people are concerned a

6、bout the purposes that university education serves.l Nowadays， more and more students are concerned about what they will learn in the universities。l Universities are one of the most important institutions in modern society。如果很难再短时间内想出第一句内容，就直接表达观点，两句话写完首段。l I agree with the view thatReasons are as f

7、ollows。我赞同的观点是原因如下.第2句：交代辩论话题A。 “是否应该”However， whether universities should mainly provide job-related skills to graduates is a controversial issue.但是,大学是否应该主要提供给学生工作相关的技能是一个饱受争议的话题。B. “是这样还是应该那样”However， whether universities should mainly provide jobrelated skills or pure knowledge to graduates has

8、caused a heated debate。但是，大学是应该主要提供给学生工作相关的技能还是纯粹的知识造成了激烈的争议。Explanation：However， what kind of knowledge and skills universities should mainly provide to graduates is a controversial issue.但是，大学的应该主要提供给学生哪一种知识技能是一个饱受争议的话题。C. 一些人认为; 另一些人认为Some people state that； others believe thatSome people state t

9、hat universities should focus on giving access to knowledge; others believe that the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace are more important for university graduates。一些人认为大学应关注提供知识；另一些人认为工作所需的技能对大学毕业生更重要。第3句：交代你自己的写作观点In my view， ，My view is that(表语从句)I agree with the view that (同位语从句), for

10、the following reasons。My view is that job-related knowledge and skills should be the main focus of universities.I mainly agree with the former/latter view for the following reasons.第二段第1句：本段中心句这一段的写作目的是以理服人.用it is clear that这个主语从句写出你认为最重要、最明显的论据.Firstly， it is obvious that for most students， the pur

11、pose of receiving university education is to obtain practical knowledge and skills which will enable them to become qualified employees in the job market in the future。首先，很显然对大部分学生来说上大学的目的是学习实用的知识技能，这些技能能让他们在将来的职场中成为合格的雇员。Explanation：l Firstly, it is clear/obvious/true thatl Firstly, there is no dou

12、bt thatl One reason for this is that 第2句：对中心句进行拓展、解释、说明.A. This is because 这是因为(想上一句话的原因）This is because most of them， after graduation， will enter the workplace， earn a living, and support their own families。这是因为大部分学生毕业之后会进入职场，挣钱谋生，建立家庭。B。 This means that这意味着(想上一句话的结果）This means that the courses fo

13、cusing on jobs will become the most welcomed subjects which the majority of students will select。这意味着那些专注于使用知识的课程会成为大多数学生选择的热门专业。C。 If not （反正中心句)If universities do not pay enough attention to such skills， most graduates will not be able to find satisfactory positions in the workplace, leading to a

14、higher unemployment rate。如果大学不重视这种技能的培养，大部分学生将会很难再职场上找到工作，导致社会失业率增高.Explanation:可用下面的短语拓展解释中心句：l In other words， 换句话说l More specifically, 具体来说l More precisely, 准确点说第3句重申写作观点。其实是对第一段最后一句话,也就是你的写作观点进行改写表达.So universities， as service providers， have to give top priority to these customers real needs.Ex

15、planation：推荐一个固定句型来写本句,让写作更简化：Therefore, it is necessary/crucial/important for sb。 to do sth.l Therefore, it is crucial for universities to give top priority to the students real needs.第三段第1句首句仍是该段中心句，是你绞尽脑汁想出的第二个原因论据。Moreover， focusing on the job-related skills can benefit the university itself。另外,

16、关注工作相关的技能能使大学本身受益.Explanation:可选用Moreover， In addition， Besides等词开始。第2句该段第2句就是举例。For example， the sci-fi blockbuster “Avatar” has marked a milestone in the filmmaking industry and drawn massive interest in 3D technology.例如，科幻大片阿凡达已成为电影业的一座里程碑,并且激发了大众对3D技术的广泛兴趣。Explanation:如果感觉上面的句子单词太难,我们可以简化为：For e

17、xample, 3D technology has become a hot topic after the movie “Avatar” made the whole world crazy。例子越具体，越国际化,越时尚流行，越好.第3句上一句已经举出了阿凡达和3D的例子，为什么我们要提这个例子呢？接下来的这句话就是要写出我们举这个例子的原因，并证明本段首句的正确性。If a university can quickly respond, and consolidate teaching resources to offer courses about 3D, not only will i

18、ts graduates be more competitive in the job market, but the university itself will keep pace with the technological development and move forward.如果一所大学能迅速反应，整合教学资源提供3D相关的课程，那么不仅毕业生在职场上将更有竞争力，大学本身也能跟上技术发展并向前迈进。Explanation:这里没有固定句式要用，可随意发挥，要写出例子和中心句之间的联系。当然还可以再举一例：Another example is sth. 然后解释说明。如在考场上实

19、在想不出好的例子或并列例子，该段从第2句开始参考第二段的写作框架,再讲一次道理.第四段第1句写让步段落的两大好处:大多数考生绞尽脑汁也想不出第三个原因论据。我们何不换一个角度,想一想支持反方的一个原因或例子呢，那会容易得多。兼顾了反方观点，不会出现评分标准中因为partly address the task而丢分的情况.A. That is not to say that。 not 。.。 这并不是说（反方观点完全没有道理）That is not to say that universities should not pay any attention to developing pure s

20、cience and knowledge.B. It is also true that。 （反方观点中的某些方面)也是事实。It is also true that universities should develop pure science and knowledge.C. Those who harbour the view that.。 believe that.。 那些持有（反方观点）的人们认为.。.（这个句型中包含了定语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句）Those who harbour the view that the main function of universities

21、should be to give access to the knowledge believe that the theoretic knowledge is the foundation of any practical skill。Explanation:在讨论优势和劣势的文章中，我们可以直接使用下列句型:l This is not to say， however, that we should neglect the problems it has caused.l But to acknowledge only the positive impact would be short

22、sighted.第2句想反方观点的论据,或在特殊、极端情况下的一些合理性.进一步说明该段第一句话.There are， of course， students interested in knowledge for its own sake， and they will later become scientists and scholars who will make greater contributions to our society.Explanation:可选用Of course或 Indeed开始本句。第3句让步后最终转折。表达“即便如此，反方观点在大多数情况下还是不可行的或“即

23、使存在上面提到的负面,正面影响仍是大于负面的。But unfortunately these people are few and far between.Explanation：可选用But, However， Yet等词开始本句。该段为文章次要信息，可点到为止，不可花费过多时间和笔墨纠缠.实在不知如何反驳了,可用无赖写法：“（虽然反方观点也有道理）但正方观点仍然更有道理。”l But still, job-related skills are more important for most students.l But still， the cos are far greater.其实本句

24、还可以不用反驳，再写反方第二论据,或针对第一论据的拓展、支持、举例。不过这样处理后在结论段要表达相对中立的观点态度。第五段第1句结论段。重申写作观点。这句话其实是针对首段最后一句话改写。l In summary， 总之l In conclusion， 总之In summary, the major function of universities should be providing most students jobrelated skills， guaranteeing a high rate of employment， and thus helping the society fun

25、ction better。Explanation：通常,考官读完一篇作文后印象最深的会是文章中的例子和结尾段。所以该句不是简单的改写，而应是递进或强调。可用强调句型：It is sth。 that.。第2句照顾反方观点。表达“同时,我们不能忽视反方观点的价值，或低低估某事的负面影响”。l Meanwhile， 同时Meanwhile， we should not ignore the other important roles universities are undertaking.Explanation:模板句式Meanwhile, we should not ignore/neglect

26、/overlook/underestimate sth.s negative effects。第3句其实末段有了上面两句话已经完整了。如果要冲刺高分，我们要再加一句话，给文章画一个有力的句号，或提升文章的思想境界，立意升华。l By doing so we can ensure that.。l Only by doing so can we make sure that。 （only在句首注意倒装）15句高级作文写作分析You should spend about 40 minutes on this task。Write about the following topic：Some peop

27、le think watching TV is bad for children, while others think that watching TV has more beneficial effects on children。Discuss both sides and give your own opinion。Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge and experience。Write at least 250 words.Model Essa

28、yWatching TV is one of the most important childrens leisure activities. However， discussion now centres on whether it brings more harm than good. My view is that too much time spent on it surely has negative impacts on kids and parents should filter out the inappropriate programs and channels for th

29、em.首段第1句背景引入第2句交代辩论话题第3句作者观点，中立With the rapid development of science and technology, TV shows are designed so vivid and attractive that not only kids but eve adults are much easier to get addicted to them. When children spend more time sitting in front of a screen, they are isolated from the real wo

30、rld. They do not have enough time to socialize, or to engage in outdoor activities which are crucial for their physical growth. Also， their eyesight will be weakened by staring at the screen for too long。第2段第1句第一论据：看电视易上瘾（形式问题，对儿童身体发育不好）第2句展开支持。其实写的是：看电视上瘾的结果是什么。省掉了This means that。第3句继续展开.其实是不良结果并列第

31、4句继续并列。因为思想充分，想说的太多，代替了so,. 重申观点这个句子Moreover， questionable contents on TV will have negative effects on children since their minds are impressionable。 The fact that many developing countries including China lack a TV programme rating system means that children are more easily exposed to indecent TV

32、scenes. So, TV is not always a good one in the sense that parents really cannot control what comes on the screen.第3段第1句第二论据：有不良的电视内容（内容问题,对儿童心理发展不好）第2句展开支持，事实例证第3句继续展开.其实是不良结果并列Of course, there are many educational and inspirational TV shows， such as Disney cartoons which enable kids to have fun in

33、the learning process, facilitate their intellectual development and help them learn caring， sharing, courage, honesty and other virtues from an early age。 These benefits of TV on a childs education cannot be denied.第4段第1句反方观点.注意这一句话里包含了反方的观点和论据.用复杂句、举例、并列等手法列举了看电视对儿童的诸多好处第2句重申反方有道理In sum， spending a

34、 long time watching TV is harmful and parents should either follow TV rating guidelines or carefully choose the programs for children。末段第一句一句话高度总结全文。因为感到字数已够，就不在累述五段式转换四段式什么情况下写四段式同时满足下面条件，可选择写四段式： 题目要求“Discuss both sides and give your own opinion. 关于该题目你的立场完全中立，不偏向任何一方.或双方观点你都不同意，结论段提出个人的新观点。（此时四段式

35、显得更加中立平衡） 正方反方你都能同时找出两个论据支持或驳斥。（如果正方写了两个论据，反方只写一个论据，其实质上还是五段式） 你的写作功力足够。（思路清晰,逻辑强大，语法扎实,论据丰富）15句四段式逻辑结构五段式四段式首段第1句引入背景首段第1句引入背景第2句辩论话题第2句辩论话题第3句写作观点第3句写作观点第二段第1句第一论据 第二段第1句正方观点及第一论据第2句说理第2句说理第3句重申观点第3句第二论据第三段第1句第二论据第4句例证第2句举例第5句重申观点第3句例证解释第三段第1句反方观点及第一论据第四段第1句反方观点第2句说理第2句反方论据第3句第二论据第3句驳斥第4句例证末段第1句总结

36、正方末段第1句中立总结或个人新观点第2句提及反方第2句进一步解释第3句立意升华第3句立意升华剑桥雅思8考官四段式9分范文及行文逻辑Some people think that it is better to educate boys and girls in separate schools。 Others， however， believe that boys and girls benefit more from attending mixed schools。Discuss both these views and give your own opinion。考官范文Some count

37、ries have single-sex education models, while in others both single sex and mixed schools coexist and it is up to the parents or the children to decide which model is preferable.首段第1句背景引入，作者观点（通过and合并为一句）Some educationalists think it is more effective to educate boys and girls in single-sex schools b

38、ecause they believe this environment reduces distractions and encourages pupils to concentrate on their studies。 This is probably true to some extent。 It also allows more equality among pupils and gives more opportunity to all those at the school to choose subjects more freely without gender prejudi

39、ce. For example， a much higher proportion of girls study science to a high level when they attend girls schools than their counterparts in mixed schools do。 Similarly， boys in single-sex schools are more likely to take cookery classes and to study languages， which are often thought of as traditional

40、 subjects for girls。第二段第1句正方观点及第一论据第2句拓展解释（稍作肯定）第3句第二论据（以also为标志）第4句举例1（支持第二论据)第5句举例2（支持第二论据）On the other hand， some experts would argue that mixed schools prepare their pupils better for their future lives。 Girls and boys learn to live and work together from an early age and are consequently not em

41、otionally underdeveloped in their relations with the opposite sex。 They are also able to learn from each other， and to experience different types of skill and talent then might be evident in a single gender environment。第三段第1句反方观点第2句第一论据第3句第二论据（以also为标志)Personally, I think that there are advantages t

42、o both systems。 I went to a mixed school， but feel that I myself missed the opportunity to specialize in science because it was seen as the natural domain and career path for boys when I was a girl。 So because of that， I would have preferred to go to a girls school。 But hopefully times have changed，

43、 and both genders of students can have equal chances to study what they want to in whichever type of school they attend.末段第1句个人观点第2句解释说明第3句重申第4句立意升华五段式变四段式Some people think watching TV is bad for children， while others think that watching TV has more beneficial effects on children.Discuss both sides

44、 and give your own opinion.【四段式】Watching TV is one of the most important childrens leisure activities. However， whether it brings more harm than good has caused heated debate。 My view is that parents have an essential role to play regarding to this.Some educationists think watching TV is potentially

45、 harmful to children because when they spend more time sitting in front of a screen， their eyesight will be weakened and ids do not have enough time to engage in outdoor activities which are crucial for their physical growth。 This is definitely true. The questionable content on TV can also cause neg

46、ative implications. The fact that many developing countries including China lack a TV program rating system means that children are more easily exposed to indecent TV scenes.On the other hand, some experts would argue that educational and inspirational TV shows enable kids to have fun in the learning process and facilitate their intellectual development. For example, many children have learnt caring, courage， honesty and other virtues from the characters n classic Disney cartoons。