【阅读理解】精练考前冲刺48篇.pdf

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1、阅读理解50篇阅读理解1Our brains work in complex and strange ways.There are some people who can calculate theday of the week for any given date in 40,000 years,but who cannot add two plus two.Others canperform complex classical piano pieces after hearing them once,but they cannot read or write.Dr.J.Langdon Do

2、wn first described this condition in 1887.He called these people idiotsavants.An idiot savant is a person who has significant mental impairment（损伤）,such as inautism（孤独为匕，自 闭 为 K）or retardation.At the same time,the person also exhibits someextraordinary skills,which are unusual for most people.The sk

3、ills of the savant may vary frombeing exceptionally gifted in music or in mathematics,or having a photographic memory.One of the first descriptions of a human who could calculate quickly was written in 1789 byDr.Benjamin Rush,an American doctor.His patient,Thomas Fuller,was brought to Virginia as as

4、lave inl724.lt took Thomas only 90 seconds to work out that a man who has lived 70 years,17days,and 12 hours has lived 2,210,500,800 seconds.Despite this ability,he died in 1790 withoutever learning to read or write.Another idiot savant slave became famous as a pianist in the 1860s.Blind Tom had avo

5、cabulary of only 100 words,but he played 5,000 musical pieces beautifully.In the excellent movie Rain Man,made in 1988 and available on video cassette,DustinHoffman plays an idiot savant who amazes his brother played by Tom Cruise,with his ability toperfbnn complex calculations very rapidly.Today we

6、 more clearly recognize that the idiot savant is special because of brainimpairment.Yet not all brain impairment leads to savant skills.Some studies have shown thatpeople who have purposeful interruption of the left side of the brain can develop idiot savantskills.However few people wish to particip

7、ate in such experiments.There are many excellentreasons for not undergoing unnecessary experimentation on ones brain.The term idiot savant isoutdated and inappropriate.Virtually all savants have a high degree of intelligence and are thus notidiots.72.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Idiot s

8、avants have areas of outstanding abilities.B.Human Beings have complicated thinking process.C.The brains of the idiot savants are partly impaired.D.The reasons why people have wonderful skills vary.73.Which of the following can be done by Rain Man?A.He can play wonderful pieces of classical music.B.

9、He can guess out exactly the length of a mans life.C.Hc can memorize the contents of the pictures fast.D.He can count matches dropped on the floor quickly.64.What can you infer from the passage?A.Idiot savants have real talents for art and math.B.Dr.Down is the first person who found idiot savants.C

10、.Few people wish to risk becoming savants by brain operations.D.Intentional left brain impairments will surely lead to idiot savants.75.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?答案：7275 ADCB阅读理解2Laws that would have ensured pupils from five to 16 received a full financial education g

11、otlost in the wash up.An application is calling on the next government to bring it back.At school the children are taught to add up and subtract（减法）but,extraordinarily,are notroutinely shown how to open a bank account let alone how to manage their finances in anincreasingly complex and demanding wor

12、ld.Today the parenting website Mumsnet and the consumer campaigner Martin Lewis havejoined forces to launch an online application to make financial education a compulsory clement ofthe school curriculum in England.Children from five to 16 should be taught about everythingfrom pocket money to pension

13、s,they say.And that was exactly the plan preserved in the Children,Schools and Families bill that was shelved by the government in the so-called wash-up”earlierthis month-the rush to legislation before parliament was dismissed.Consumer and parentgroups believe financial education has always been one

14、 of the most frustrating omissions of thecurriculum.As the Personal Finance Education Group（Pfeg）points out,the good habits of youngchildren do not last long.Over 75%of seven-to 11-year-olds are savers but by the time they get to17,over half of them are in debt to family and friends.By this age,26%s

15、ee a credit card oroverdraft透支）as a way of extending their spending power.Pteg predicts that these young peoplewill“find it much harder to avoid the serious unexpected dangers that have befallen many of theirparents*generation unless they receive good quality financial education while at school.”The

16、 UK has been in the worst financial recession（衰退）fbr generations.It does seem odd that一 unless parents step in-young people are left in the dark until they are cruelly introduced tothe world of debt when they turn up at university.In a recent poll of over 8,000 people,97%supported financial educatio

17、n in schools,while 3%said it was a job for parents.61.The passage is mainly about.A.how to manage school lessonsB.how to deal with the financial crisisC.teaching young people about moneyD.teaching students how to study effectively62.It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that.A.the author

18、complains about the school educationB.pupils should not be taught to add up and subtractC.students have been taught to manage their financesD.laws on financial education have been effectively carried out63.The website and the consumer campaigner joined to.A.instruct the pupils to donate their pocket

19、 moneyB.promote the connection of schools and familiesC.ask the government to dismiss the parliamentD.appeal for the curriculum of financial education64.According to Pfeg,.A.it is easy to keep good habits longB.teenagers spend their money as plannedC.parents are willing to pay the debt for their kid

20、sD.it will be in trouble if the teenagers are left alone65.A poll is mentioned to.A.stress the necessity of the curriculum reformB.show the seriousness of the financial recessionC.make the readers aware of burden of the parentsD.illustrate some people are strongly against the proposal答案：61-65 CADDA阅

21、读理解3Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Icelands volcano starts settling,the WorldHealth Organization warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland,Scotland and Norway.WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic（微小的）ash is potentially dangerousfbr people when it starts to reach t

22、he Earth because inhaled（吸入）particles can enter the lungs andcause respiratory problems.And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to considerwearing a mask.Other experts,however,werent convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect onpeoples*health and said WHOs warnings were hyster

23、ical.”They said volcanic ash was much lessdangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution.Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmentedvolcanic rock.It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder.During a volcaniceruption,the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irrita

24、tion even in healthy people.But once it falls from a greater distance like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe一 its health effects are often minimal,experts say.“Not all particles are created equal,said Ken Donaldson,a professor of respiratorytoxicology at the University of Edinburgh,In t

25、he great scheme of things,volcanic ash is not allthat harm fill.n And he said most Europeans1 exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and thatonly those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.Dr.Stephen Spiro,a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair o

26、f the British LungFoundation,said the further the particles travel,the less dangerous they will be.The cloud hasalready passed over northern Scotland and we haven*t heard of any ill effects there,n he said.Spirosaid to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was over the top and”a bit hyste

27、rical.60.The text is mainly about.A.the effect of volcanic ashB.the health risk of volcanic ashC.the disadvantages of volcanic ashD.the opinions on health risk of volcanic ash61.Which one is true according to Paragraphs?A.The volcanic ashs effects on Europeans were little.B.The ash caused irritation

28、 even in healthy people.C.Other experts thought WTOS warnings were useful.D.The volcanic ash was more dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution.62.The underlined word“hysterical in Paragraph4 most probably means.A.amazing B.practical C.valuable D.overstated63.What can we learn from the passage?A.T

29、he volcanic ash wouldnt be harmful to people.B.All experts thought the volcanic ash did great harm to our health.C.People close to the volcano would likely be at risk according to some experts.D.Europeans should stay indoors because Icelands volcano starts settling.答案：60.D.主旨大意题。本文主要就火山灰对人的健康的危害问题世卫

30、组织和其他专家给出不同观点。A 太笼统;B 不能体现不同的观点;C 与文章内容无关;D 符合题意。61.A.细节理解题。第三段最后一句可知A 是正确的;山第三段中During a volcaniceruption.in healthy people.可知 B 错误;由第三段中 Other experts,however,werentconvinced.cigarette smoke or pollution 可排除 C D。62.D.词义猜测题。由上文中 volcanic ash is not all that harmful 和下文中 only those in thenear vicini

31、ty of the Icelandic volcano would Hkely be at risk 可知 D 正：确，夸大的，言过其实的。63.C.由第三段 But once it falls from a greater distance.effects arc often minimal 和第四段中 only those in the near vicinity of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk 以及第五段中 the further the particles travel,the more diluted and less

32、 dangerous they will be 可知 C 正确。ABD观点表达绝对。阅读理解4Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that man and animals possess ifthey are used.If fire didnt hurt when it burned,children would play with it until their hands wereburned away.Similarly,if pain existed but fear didnt,a child c

33、ould bum itself again and againbecause fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burnt it before.A reallyfearless soldier-and some do exist-is not a good soldier because he is soon killed;and a deadsoldier is of no use to his army.Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which

34、 man andanimals might soon die out.In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be properly used.If,for example,younever go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the streetby a car,you are letting fear rule you too much.The important thing is not to let

35、 fear rule you,butinstead,to use fear as your servant and guide.Fear will warn you of dangers;then you have todecide what action to take.In many cases,you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger.For example,you see a car coming straight towards you;fear warns you,you jump out of the

36、 way,and all iswell.In some cases,however,you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger.For example,you cannot prevent an airplane crashing into your house,and you may not want togo and live in a desert where there are no airplanes.In this case,fear has given you its warning,y

37、ou have examined it and decided on your course of action,so fear of the particular danger is nolonger of any use to you,and you have to try to overcome it.60.Children would play with fire until their hands are burnt away if.A.they were not well educated at school B.they had never played with fire be

38、foreC.they had no sense of pain D.they were fearful of pain61.People sometimes succeed in timely avoiding danger be c a us e.A.they have gained experience B.they are warned of the danger and take quick actionC.they jump out of the way in time D.they are calm in face of danger62.What is implied but n

39、ot stated in the passage?A.Too much fear is harmful B.Fear is always something helpfulC.Fear is something that can be avoidedD.Fear ought to be used as our guide in our life63.The best title for this passage should be.A.No Pains,No Gains B.Pain and ActionsC.The Value of Fear D.The Reason Why People

40、Fear答案：6063 CBAC阅读理解5Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the size of the state of Texas.Texas has a landarea of more than 678 000 square kilometers.So it might be difficult to imagine anything twice asbig.All together,this mass of waste flowing in the North Pacific Ocean is known as the Gr

41、eatPacific Ocean Garbage Patch.It weighs about 3 500 000 tons.The waste includes bags,bottlesand containersplastic products of all kinds.The eastern part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch is about 1 600 kilometers west ofCalifornia.The western part is west of the Hawaiian Islands and east of

42、Japan.The area has beendescribed as a kind of oceanic desert,with light winds and slow moving water currents.The watermoves so slow that garbage from all over the world collects there.In recent years,there have been growing concerns about the floating garbage and its effect onsea creatures and human

43、 health.Scientists say thousands of animals get trapped in the floatingwaste,resulting in death or injury.Even more die from a lack of food or water after swallowingpieces of plastic.The trash can also make animals feel full,lessening their desire to eat or drink.The floating garbage also can have h

44、annful effects on people.There is an increased threat ofinfection of disease from polluted waste,and from eating fish that swallowed waste.Divers canalso get trapped in the plastic.Its existence first gained public attention in 1997.That was when racing boat captain andoceanographer Charles Moore an

45、d his crew sailed into the garbage while returning from a racingevent.Five years earlier,another oceanographer learned of the trash after a shipment of rubberduckies got lost at sea.Many of those toys are now part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch.In August,2009,a team from the University of

46、California,San Diego became thelatest group to travel to it.They were shocked by the amount of waste they saw.Theygathered hundreds of sea creatures and water samples to measure the garbage patchs effect onocean environment.5 l.How did the writer introduce the topic of the passage?A.By giving an exa

47、mple.B.By listing the facts.C.By telling a story.D.By giving a comparison.52.What do we know about the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch?A.It is made up of various kinds of plastic products.B.It is a solid mass of floating waste materials.C.It lies 160 000 kilometers east of California.D.It is descr

48、ibed as a kind of oceanic desert.53.Why do people pay attention to the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch?A.Because it may prevent the flow of ocean water.B.Because the polluted plastic articles will move up the food chain.C.Because it may be from an island in the pacific.D.Because ships may be trapp

49、ed in the floating waste.54.Which column can you find the passage on a newspaper?A.Sports and entertainment.B.Media and culture.C.Environment and society.D.Science and technology.55.The purpose of writing this passage is to.A.warn people of the danger to travel in the pacificB.analyze what caused th

50、e waste patch in the pacificC.give advice on how to recycle waste in the oceanD.introduce the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch答案：DABCD阅读理解6With all the wars,fighting and sadness in the world today,its not only necessary,but alsoessential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through eac