2023年初一英语语法知识点归纳总结全面汇总归纳复习超详细2.pdf

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1、课时一教学任务 一、重点语法 1.动词 be（am,is,are）的用法：be 动词包括“am”,“is”,“are”三种形式。第一人称单数(I)配合 am 来用。句型解析析：I am+第二人称(You)配合 are 使用。句型解析：You are+第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合 is 使用。句型解析：She(He,It)is+人称复数(we/you/they)配合 are 使用。句型解析：We(You,They)are+例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students.用法口诀：我

2、(I)用 am,你(you)用 are，is 跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用 is，复数名词全用 are。变否定，更容易，be 后 not 加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。一.用括号中适当的词填空。1.I _(am,are,is)from Australia.2.She _(am,are,is)a student.3.Jane and Tom _(am,is,are)my friends.4.My parents _(am,is,are)very busy every day.5._(Are,Is,Do,Does)there a C

3、hinese school in New York?6._(Be,Are,Were,Was)they excited when he heard the news?7.There _(be)some glasses on it.8.If he _(be)free tomorrow,he will go with us.一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空 1.I _ a boy._ you a boy?No,I _ not.2.The girl_ Jacks sister.3.The dog _ tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5.

4、_ your brother in the classroom?6.Where _ your mother?She _ at home.7.How _ your father?8.Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9.Whose dress _ this?10.Whose socks _ they?11.That _ my red skirt.12.Who _ I?13.The jeans _ on the desk.14.Here _ a scarf for you.15.Here _ some sweaters for you.16.The black gloves

5、 _ for Su Yang.17.This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.18.The two cups of milk _ for me.19.Some tea _ in the glass.20.Gao shans shirt _ over there.第二课时（1）英语人称代词和物主代词 一、人称代词 表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称

6、he him they them she her it it 人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。I am a teacher.You are student.He is a student,too.We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me.Lets go(lets=let us)二、物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。数 人称 类别 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二人称 第三

7、人称 形容词性物主 代词 my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 汉语 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他（她、它）们的 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词 而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Is this your book?No,，it isnt，its hers(her book)This pen is mine.代词练习（一）一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词

8、上打勾。1.This is（my/I）mother.2.Nice to meet（your/you）.3.（He/His）name is Mark.4.Whats（she/her）name?5.Excuse（me/my/I）.6.Are（your/you）Miss Li?7.（I/My）am Ben.8.（She/Her）is my sister.9.Fine,thank（your/you）.10.How old is（he/his）二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。1.These are _(he)brothers.2.That is _(she)sister.3.Lily is _(Lucy)

9、sister.4.Tom,this is _(me)cousin,Mary.5.Now _(her parent)are in America.6.Those _(child)are _(I)fathers students.7.Do you know _(it)name?8.Mike and Tom _(be)friends.9.Thanks for helping _(I).10._(Ann 安)mother is _(we)teacher.三、单项选择。（）1.My family _ a big family.My family _all here.A.is,is B.are,are C

10、.is,are D.are,is（）2.This is _.A.a picture of family B.a picture of my family C.a familys picture D.a family of my picture（）3.Lets _ good friends.A.be B.are C.is D.am（）4.Is she your aunt?Yes,_.A.shes B.her is C.she is D.he is（）5.Are _ coats yours?Yes,they are.A.they B.these C.this D.there（）6.Is that

11、_ uncle?No,it isnt A.he B.she C.her D.hers（）7.Mrs.Green is _ grandmother.A.Jim and Kate B.Jim and Kates C.Jims and Kates D.Jim and Kates （）8.Do you know the name _Mr.Greens son?A.in B.of C.on D.or（）9._ the great photo of your family.A.thank for B.Thanks for C.Thank for D.thanks for（）10.Are those you

12、r friends?_.A.Yes,theyre B.No,they are C.Yes,they are D.Yes,those are 代词练习（二）课时二（2）简单句 一 陈述句 陈述句的否定结构：陈述句的否定式主要用两种结构来表达：（1）句子的谓语动词为 be,have 或者谓语动词有助动词、情态动词时，其否定结构为：主语+谓语动词/助动词/情态动词+not+其他成分 I am not a teacher.我不是老师。We have not(havent)any books on animals.我们没有任何有关动物方面的书。The children are not(arent)pla

13、ying in the playground.孩子们没在操场上玩。He will not(wont)come.他不会来。We must not(mustnt)forget the past.我们不能忘记过去。It could not(couldnt)be lost.它不可能丢的。（2）当句子的谓语动词是 do(即行为动词)，而且没有助动词或情态动词时，其否定结构为：主语+do(does,did)+not+动词原形+其他成分 You do not(dont)come here every day.你没有每天都来这里。一、用适当的代词填空 1We like _(he,his,him)very mu

14、ch.2Is this guitar _(you,your,yours)?3_(She,Her,Hers)name is Li Li.4Father bought a desk for _(I,my,me,mine).5_(It,Its,Its)is very cold today.6Is this your book,Mike?Yes,_(we,you,they)are.7Are you and Tom classmates?Yes,_(we,you,they)are.8Each of the students _(have,has)a pen pal.9He has a dog.I wan

15、t to have _(it,one),too.10Her parents are _(both,all,either)teachers.11The text is easy for you.There are _(few,a few,little,a little)new words in it.12I want _(some,any)bananas.Give me these big _(one,ones).二、选择正确的答案 1Is this _ book?Ayou BI Cshe Dyour 2Its a bird._ name is Polly.AIts BIts CHis DIt

16、3Whats that?_ a jeep.Aits BIts CIts Dits 4Whats that in English?_.AIts egg BThats egg CIts a egg DIts an egg 5Whose cat is this?Is it yours?Is it a white _?Acats Bone Cones Dcats 6Please give the book to _.AI Bme Cmy Dmine 7_skirt is yours?AWhose BWhere CHow DWhich 8_ is this pen?Its Wang Fangs.AWho

17、s BWhose CWhere DWhich 9Kate and Mike do _ homework in the evening.Aones Bhis Cher Dtheir 10There isnt _ water in the bottle.Aany Bsome Cno Da He does not(doesnt)teach this class.他不教这个班。They did not(didnt)watch TV last night.昨晚他们没看电视。注意：陈述句的语调一般用降调。但在表示疑问的语气时，用升调，在书面上要用问号来表示。You really want to go to

18、 Hong Kong?你真的想去香港吗？这句话表示的是一种疑问，只不过是通过陈述的语序和疑问的语气来表达的 二 疑问句 疑问句是用来提出疑问的句子，句末用问号“？”。常考的疑问句有四类，即：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。第一节 一般疑问句 一般疑问句通常需要用 yes 或 no 来回答，所以又叫做“是非疑问句”。在读这种句子时 要用升调。一般疑问句主要有以下几种类型：1、“be+主语+表语”结构 Are you sleepy?你困了吗？Yes,I am.是的，我困了。3、“情态动词+主语言+行为动词（或 be）”结构 May/Can I use the telephone?我

19、能用这部电话吗？Yes,you can.是的，可以。5、“助动词（do,does,did）+主语+行为动词”结构 Do you like swimming in summer?你喜欢夏天游泳吗？No,I dont.不，我不喜欢。难点提示 回答否定性一般疑问句时，要在 Yes 后面用肯定结构，表示肯定；在 No 后面用否定结构，表示否定。注意在说法上正好与汉语习惯相反。诀窍是在回答的时候，只要把它当成没有加否定形式的普通一般疑问句看待就可以了。注意下面例句的回答和它的意思。Is he not your elder brother?他不是你的哥哥吗？Yes,he is.不，他是（我的哥哥）。No,

20、he is not.是的，他不是（我的哥哥）。Isnt she very clever?她难道不是很聪明吗？Yes,she is.不，她很聪明。No,she is not.是，她不聪明。第二节 特殊疑问句 一、特殊疑问句是用来提出来特定问题的疑问句，要求听到问题的人针对特定情况来做具体的回答，不能像一般疑问句一样简单地用 Yes 或 No 来回答，特殊疑问句要用降调来读。二、特殊疑问句的结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 Who do English homework in the evening?谁晚上做英语家庭作业？What do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么？Wha

21、t homework do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么家庭作业？When do you do English homework?你什么时候做英语家庭作业？三、注意：对人提问时 who“谁”对所属（谁的）提问用 whose“谁的”对哪一个提问用 which“哪一个”对时间提问用 when“什么时候”或 what time“几点”对物体提问用 what“什么”对地点提问用 where“哪里”对原因提问用 why“为什么”对方式提问用 how“怎么样”对数量提问用 how many“多少”（用于可数名词复数）或 how much“多少”（用于不可数名词）四、难点提示 1

22、、以 why 开头的特殊疑问句否定形式常用于表示建议、请求等。Why dont you have a try?你为什么不试试呢？2、特殊疑问句常用到一些缩略形式，在平时学习中要注意习惯这些用法。I dont want to go there.How about you?我不想去那儿，你呢？But what else?可是还有什么呢？把下列句子变成否定句：1.I am listening to music._ 2.Mike is a student._ 3Sarah can clean the classroom._ 4.They are in the zoo._ 5.There are som

23、e flowers in the vase._ 6.This is my sister._ 7.We are sweeping the floor._ 8.We need some masks._ 9.They like making the puppet._ 10.Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house._ 11.I put a book on my head._ 12.They sing“In the classroom”together._ 13.We play basketball on Sundays._ 14.Tom likes listeni

24、ng to music _ 肯定句改一般疑问句的方法肯定句改一般疑问句的方法肯定句改一般疑问句的方法肯定句改一般疑问句的方法三步法 1.有 be 动词/情态动词：be 动词/情态动词提到句首，其余照抄，(some 改成 any，my 改成your）句末用问号。2.无 be 动词/情态动词，在句首加 Do/Does/Did，其余照抄，(some 改成 any，my 改成 your）句末用问号。3.加 Does、did 的句子注意，句子动词要变成原型。例如：陈述句:They are in the park.He can play the guitar.一般疑问句:Are they in the p

25、ark?Can he play the guitar?陈述句:I like the ducks.He likes the dogs.一般疑问句：Do you like the ducks?Does he like the dogs?把下列句子变成一般疑问句 1.I am listening to music._ 2.Mike is a student._ 3.Sarah can clean the classroom._ 4.They are in the zoo._ 5.There are some flowers in the vase._ 6.This is my sister._ 7.

26、We are sweeping the floor._ 8.We need some masks._ 9.They like making the puppet._ 10.Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house._ 11.I put a book on my head._ 12.They sing“In the classroom”t ogether._ 13.We play basketball on Sundays._ 14.Tom likes listening to music _ 关于特殊疑问词 1、根据划线部分确定是什么疑问词,后面写原句变成的

27、一般疑问句，句末问号。2、how many 后必须先写物品，再写一般疑问句等。1、A:_ is the boy in blue?B:Hes Mike.2、A:_ pen is it?B:Its mine.3、A:_ is the diary?B:Its under the chair.4、A:_ is the Chirstmas Day?B:Its on the 25th of December.5、A:_ are the earphones?B:They are 25 yuan.6、A:_ is the cup?B:Its blue.7、A:_ is it today?B:Its Sunda

28、y.8、A:_ was it yesterday?B:It was the 13th of October.9、A:_ this red one?B:Its beautiful.12.A:_ is your cousin?B:Hes 15 years old.13、A:_ do you have dinner?B:At 6 oclock 综合练习 The children have a good time in the park.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 1.There is only one problem.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯定/否定回答：_ 7.She has some br

29、ead for lunch today.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯定/否定回答：_.句型转换题 1.The girl is singing in the classroom.(改为否定句）改为一般疑问句 5.I can speak English.(改为一般疑问句）6.I am writing now.(同上）7.I have a desk and a chair.(用 He 做主语改写句子）8.She is buying some food in the supermarket.（改为否定句）10.Does she like growing flowers?（给予否定回答）课时三英语名词

30、单数变复数的规则 一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。读音变化：结尾是清辅音读s，结尾是浊辅音或元音读z。例：friendfriends;catcats;stylestyles;sportsports;piecepieces 二、凡是以 s、z、x、ch、sh 结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。读音变化：统一加读iz。例：busbuses;quizquizzes;foxfoxes;matchmatches;flashflashes 三、以辅音字母+y 结尾的名词，将 y 改变为 i，再加-es。读音变化：加读z。例：candycandies;daisydais

31、ies;fairyfairies;ladyladies;storystories 四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。读音变化：加读z。例：tomatotomatoes;potatopotatoes;torpedotorpedoes;bingobingoes 反例：silosilos;pianopianos（外来词）;photophotos;五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。读音变化：尾音f改读vz。例：knifeknives;lifelives;leafleaves;staffstaves;scarfscarve

32、s 反例：roofroofs 六、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化：保持原音。例：fishfish;sheepsheep;cattlecattle;deerdeer;七、极少数单词，其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化：没有规律。例：manmen;womanwomen;childchildren;personpeople;oxoxen 八、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词 例：footfeet;manmen mousemice;toothteeth;womanwomen 九、有些名词是单数、复数不分的 例：deer;fish;cannon;sheep;salmon 鲑鱼;trout 鳟鱼

33、十、一些名词虽分单数、复数，但出现次数多的总是单数词 例：abscence;clothing;film;help;furniture 家具;machinery 机械;news;scenery 风景;sugar;traffic 交通 十一、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多 例：bellows 风箱;clothes;police;shorts 短裤;scissors 剪刀;spectacles 眼镜;shears 大剪刀 trousers 长裤;wages 工资 十二、若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 例：pair(对，双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs o

34、f trousers 十三、另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，例：goods 货物，waters 水域，fishes（各种）鱼 十四、除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。例：a dollar,two dollars;a meter,two meters 以O结 尾 的 词，许 多 加es构 成 复 数，特 别 是 一 些 常 用 词 如：heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes

35、 但下面几类词只加 s：1.以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾的词 如:videos,radios,studios,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos,2.一些外来词，特别是音乐方面的词，如：pianos,3.一些缩写词和专有名词，如：kilos,photos,写出下列名词复数 leaf_ puppy_ box_ knife_ fly_ fox_ bus_ bench_ brush_ kiss_ church_ dish_ ruler_ peach_ glass_ pencil_ boy_ zoo_ man_ roof_ sheep_ knife_ lady_ key_ story_ wa

36、tch_ bamboo_ city_ family_ day_ apple_ eraser_ speech_ thief_ mouse_ fish_ goose_ people _ ox_ Chinese _ deer _ foot_ child_ tooth_ guy_ hero_ spy_ boss_ monkey_ city _ goat _ radio _ horse _ dog _ 用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空：1There are so many_(wolf)in the forest.2There are three _(chair)in the classroom.3The

37、se _(tomato)are red.4_(hero)are great.5My brother looks after two _(baby)6There are some _(deer)eating the grass.7My father likes to eat _(potato).8Chinese _(people)like to eat noodles.9I have a lot of _(toy)in my bedroom.10I help my mother wash _(dish)in the kitchen.11I have two _(pencil-box).12The

38、re are some _(bus)in the street.13Peter has eight _(foot).14Linda has three _(tooth).15There are some _(child)in the garden.16Michael likes the _(mouse).17There are some _(goose)in the river.18My uncle and father are _(man).19Tom and King are _(boy).20Linda has three _(tooth).选出正确形式 1I can see three

39、 _ in the zoo.A monkeys B monkeys C monkey 2.The pig has four _.A.foot B.feet C.foots 3.My two brothers are both _.A.policeman B.policemans C.policemen 4.There are four _ in the class.A.Japanese B.Japaneses C.Japan 5.I can see ten _ in the picture.A.sheep B.dog C.pig 6.The _ has three_.A.boys,watche

40、s B.boy,watch C.boy,watches 7.C an you see _on the plate?A.bread B.breads C.breades 8.The girl often brushes her_ before she goes to bed.A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth 9.Mr Black often drink some _.A.milk B.milks C.milkes 10.There are some _ on the floor.A.child B.water C.books 11._ will learn English.A.W

41、oman B.Women C.Man 12.Lucy will show us some new _ of hers.A.photo B.photos C.photoes 13.I drank two _.A.bottles of orange B.bottle of orange C.bottles of oranges 14.The cat eats two _ last night.A.mouses B.mice C.mouse 15.I need a pen and some _.A.books B.desk C.chair 16 Jim was late for two classe

42、s this morning.He said that he forgot both of the _.A.rooms number B.Room number C.Rooms number D.Room numbers 17.The newly-built library is a _ building.A.five-storey B.five storeys C.five-storeys D.five storeys 18.-Whose umbrella is it?-Its _.A.somebody elses B.Somebody else C.Somebodys elses D.So

43、mebodys else 19.I feel terribly hot,Whats the _?A.temperature of room B.Rooms temperatu re C.Room temperature D.Temperature of rooms 20._ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas.A.The Evens B.The Evens C.The Evenses D.The Evenses 21.The girl talking to Mary is a friend of _.A.M

44、arys sister B.Mary sisters C.Marys sisters D.sister of Marys 22.The woman over there is _ mother.A.Julia and Shelleys B.Julias and Shelleys C.Julia and Shelley D.Julias and Shelley 23.He is very tired.He needs _.A.a night rest B.a rest night C.a nights rest D.a rest of night 24-Excuse me，where are _

45、 offices?-Over there A teachers B teachers C the teachers D the teachers 25 Today is September 10th.Its_ Day.Lets go and buy some flowers for our te achers.A.Teacher B.Teachers C.the Teachers D.Teachers 课时四 现在进行时 现在进行时用法：一般结构：肯定句式：主语+be(am,is,are)+现在分词+其它.否定句式：主语+be(am,is,are)+not+现在分词+其它.一般疑问句：Be(a

46、m,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其它？特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其它？对一般疑问句作答，肯定回答：yes,主语+be,否定回答：no,主语+be not 对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答，它不可以用 Yes 或 No 直接作答，要根据实际情况回答。Eg：They are working these days.He is buying a bike.They arent working these days.He isnt buying a bike.Are they working these days?Is he buying a bike?What

47、are they doing these days?What is he doing?现在分词的变法有 1、一般在动词词尾加上-ing Jumpjumping gogoing pushingpushing playplaying 2、以不发音字母 e 结尾的动词，先去 e，再加-ing.Taketakeing leaveleaving writewriting havehaving 3、.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写，再加上-ing.Cutcutting putputting stopstopping fitfitting begi

48、n beginning forgetforgetting 4.以 ie 结尾的词，将 ie 变为 y 再加 ing Lielying 练习：尽管现在进行时比较简单，但在做题过程中也常会犯一些错误，常见的错误有如下几种：自我检测 1、Look!He _their mother do the housework.A.is helping B.are help C.is help D.is helpping 2、_are the boys doing?They are singing in the room.A.Who B.How C.What D.Where 3、Dont talk here.My

49、 mother _.A.is sleeping B.are sleeping C.sleeping D.sleep 4、Danny _.Dont call him.A.is writeing B.is writing C.writing D.writes 5、When_he_back?Sorry,I dont know.A.does,come B.are coming C.is come D.is coming 6、Its ten oclock.My mother _(lie)in bed.7、What_he _(mend)?8、We _(play)games now.9、What _you_

50、(do)thesse days?10、_he _(clean)the classroom?11、Who_(sing)in the next room?12、The girl_(like)wearing a sweater.Look!She _(wear)a red sweater today.二、常见方位介词短语（一）、由介词 in 构成的方位介词短语 1、in the front 在 前 面 2、in the front row 在 前 排 3、in the back row 在后排 4、in the third row 在第三排 5、in front of.在.前面（范围之外）6、in t