【课件】高三英语二轮复习阅读理解解题技巧之猜测词义题课件.pptx

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1、如何解阅读理解的猜测词义题全国全国I I卷卷猜猜测词义题所占比例所占比例考考查年份年份猜猜测词义题 出在哪篇出在哪篇考考查的的词性性2022 年年 I 卷卷 1个个C篇篇动词2021年年 I 卷卷 1个个C篇篇动词2020 年年 I 卷卷 1个个B篇篇名名词2019 年年 I 卷卷 1个个B篇篇名名词2018 年年 I 卷卷 1个个C篇篇形容形容词2017 年年 I 卷卷 1个个C篇篇代代词2016 年年 I 卷卷 1个个C篇篇名名词2015 年年 I 卷卷 1个个C篇篇名名词2014 年年 I 卷卷 1个个B篇篇动名名词词义理解题常见的题型有词义理解题常见的题型有:1.Whatdotheun

2、derlinedwords“”meaninparagraph?2.Theunderlinedword(phrase,term)“”means_.3.Accordingtothepassage,theunderlinedword“”properlymeans_.4.Theunderlinedword“”inparagraphrefersto_.5.Bytheunderlinedword“”,theauthormeans_.6.whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“”?7.Whatdotheword“”inparagrap

3、hreferto?8.Theauthorusestheword“”tomean_.上下文上下文构词法构词法猜测词义解猜解猜测词义题的技巧的技巧逻辑关系关系信号信号词：be,becalled,means,bedefinedasAmosquitomosquitoisasmallflyingpestthatthrusttheskinandthendrinkblood.1、定、定义或解或解释说明明2、对比关系比关系信号信号词:but,however,yet,otherwise,while,though,ontheonehandontheotherhand,foronethingforanotherth

4、ing,insteadof等等ThoughTomsfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubbygrubby.污秽的的3、因果、因果关系关系信号信号词:because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,sothat,suchthat,thusTheriverissoturbidturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.混混浊的的蚊子蚊子装置装置4、举例法例法信号信号词:such,such as,like,for example/in

5、stance,especially,include Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt,headlights,and good brakes.5、重述重述信号信号词:or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway,i.e.Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongtoodontocetiodontoceti,thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.

6、有牙有牙齿的的6、同、同义词、近、近义词信号信号词:or,like,asas,thesameasIsheintelligentorstupid?clever7、生活、生活经验,生活常生活常识,逻辑推理推理Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaestheticanaesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.麻麻药8)构构词法，法，即即根据前根据前缀、后、后缀、复合

7、、派生等构、复合、派生等构词知知识判断生判断生词的的词义(1)Overwork may cause diseases.前前缀over-的意思是的意思是“过分的、分的、过量的量的”故故overwork的意思的意思应为“工作工作过度度”。(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the managers eyes.satisfied的意思是的意思是“满意的意的”，前，前缀dis-的意思是的意思是“不不”，故，故dissatisfied的意思的意思应该是是“不不满意的意的”。高考真高考真题再再练高考链接高考链接2022年新高考全国I卷CWendyWilson,extra

8、caremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.【答案】根据

9、“oneofthefirsttoResidentsreallywelcometheideaoftheproject和Wearelookingforwardtothebenefits.可知是开始的意思。故C选项正确。高考链接高考链接2021年新高考全国I卷CWhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalreso

10、urceswiselyUnfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatl

11、yreducingwaterfowlhabitat.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimatemeaninthefirstparagraph?A.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy.D.Distribute.【答案】根据“UnfortunatelyMillionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledMillionsofweredriedto和greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat可知是摧毁的意思。故C选项正确。高考链接高考链接2020年新高考全国I卷BWhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,t

12、hesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthorsworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,itsyouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterund

13、erstandyourfriends.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcurrencyinparagraph4referto?A.DebtB.Reward.C.Allowance.D.Facevalue.【答案】根据文中的gifts 说明是褒义，和后面的“whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,isthehighestcurrency.可知,再读作品应该是对作者最好的回报和赞赏。故B选项正确。高考链接高考链接2019年新高考全国I卷BBut hes nervous.“Im here to tell you today why yo

14、u should.should.Chris trips on the“-ld,a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.His teacher,Thomas Whaley,is next to him,whispering support.Vote for.me.Except for some stumbles,Chris is doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion,Whaley invites the rest

15、 of the class to praise him.25.What does the underlined word“stumbles”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Improper pauses.B.Bad manners.C.Spelling mistakes.D.Silly jokes.【答案】根据第二段中的“you should.should.”Chris trips on the“-ld,”.可知,他有些发音上的问题。又根据 Except for some stumbles,Chris is doing amazingly well.可知,Chris总体上很

16、好,但是有些不合适的停顿。故A选项(不合适的停顿)正确。高考链接高考链接2018年新高考全国I卷CSoonafterwards.manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglob

17、alisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsdominant“underlinedinparagraph2?A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern【答案】根据画线词所在句子中的“such as Eng

18、lish,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over”可推知 dominant的意思是“占统治地位的,强大的”,故答案为C项(Powerful)。高考链接高考链接2017年新高考全国I卷CDespitethecelebrations.though.intheU.sthejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.ItsJasonMoransjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKenne

19、dyCentersartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that“inparagraph3referto?A.Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B.Theeproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C.Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D.Thejazzaudiencebe

20、cominglarger.【答案】根据第二段中的描述:在美国爵士乐的观众越来越少,年纪也越来越大,这种音乐和年轻一代失去了联系。改变这一点正是Jason Moran 的工作。由此可知答案为C项高考链接高考链接2016年新高考全国I卷CIamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourierSinceMarch2012,Ivedone89trips-ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseIvegottwoicepacksandthatshowlongthey

21、last.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,wevegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier“inParagraph1?A.providerB.deliverymanC.collectorD.medicaldoctor【答案】根据文章第一段的Ivedone89trips-ofth

22、ose和Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseIvegottwoicepacksandthatshowlongtheylast,由此可判断 作者是干细胞的运送者.故选B项。高考链接高考链接2015年新高考全国I卷CThefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalv

23、adorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg,Florida.31.Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastpparagraphreferto?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D.Documents【答案】根据Thefineselection和展出的优秀作品是与其他博物馆合作准备的,包括来自 St.Petersburg 的 Salvador Dali博物馆的艺术品,这个题目考查了常识，故选A项。高考链接高考链接2019年新高考全国II卷BIguessthattheresprobablysomedemandi

24、ngworkschedule.orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.Soltryagainandtugattheheartstrings.Imentionthesingle2parentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowand1talkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsarentevenon.Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup.“Alright.Yes,Illdoit

25、.“25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings“inparagraph2mean?A.Encourageteamwork.B.Appealtofeelings.C.Promotegooddeeds.D.Provideadvice.【答案】根据上文Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading,此处表示“我”又试了一次，这回开始打感情牌Imentionthesingle2parentwithfourkids画线短语意为“触动心弦”,故B项正确。高考链接高考链接2017年新高考全国II卷Bwesharedthebelief

26、thatifyourefortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback-hewithhisNewmansOwnfoodandhisHoleinthewallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival,PaulandIdidntseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshow

27、ingupatevents.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Theirbelief.B.Theircareforchildren.C.Theirsuccess.D.Theirsupportforeachother.【答案】根据第一句话“We shared the belief that if.”可知,尽管他们不经常见面,但是正是那种信念让他们聚在了一起。由此推断出画线单词指的是他们的共同的信念,所以答案为A项。高考链接高考链接2019年新高考全国III卷BChinaisimpossibletooverlook.sa

28、ysHill.Chinesemodelsarethefaceisofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion-theyarecentraltoitsmovement.”Ofcourse.notonlyaretodaystopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina-someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesC

29、hinese.“VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz.MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,”addsHill.26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takingon”inparagraph4mean?A.learningfromB.lookingdownonC.workingwithD.competingagainst【答案】根据上下文可知,此处表示 Vera Wang,Alexander Wang.Jason Wu 在和 Gallian

30、o,Albaz,Marc Jacobs竞争,而且在设计和销量上很容易地打败了他们。根据语境可知.这里 taking on 的意思是竞争,因此D项(与竞争)正确。高考链接高考链接2018年新高考全国III卷DAdultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless

31、.32.Whatdothewords“moreismore”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Themore,thebetter.B.Enoughisenough.C.Moremoney,moreworries.D.Earnmoreandspendmore.【答案】根据第一段最后一句话可知,我帮我自己的孩子学会了用更少的东西生活得更好,由此推断出画线词语的意思是“越多越好”,所以答案为A项。高考链接高考链接2017年新高考全国III卷CGraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaaandmuchofthecon

32、tinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanadaa,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced“inparagraph2mean?A.Tested.B.Separated.C.Forcedout.D.Trackeddown.【答案】根据第二段第一句和第二句可知,灰狼曾经在黄石地区随处可见,可后来由于人类的发展.该种群被渐渐驱离这里,所以选C。SeeYouNextClass!