英语-求职英语.pdf

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1、求职信七步写作法求职信分为推荐信和自荐信两种，它是书面表达的重要体裁之一，也是高考书面表达的热点内容。写求职信可按下列七个步骤进行。下面举例说明：假设你叫李平，你从报上得知某公司欲招聘一名英语翻译，请你给该公司经理写一份求职信,你的个人资料如下：1.简况：姓名，李平；年龄，3 0 岁；身高，1.80米；健康状况，良好；业余爱好，游泳、唱歌、跳舞。2.简历：1994年北京大学毕业后分配到南通中学工作，1996年调至苏州中学工作至今。3.工作：工作认真负责，与人相处融洽。4.特长：精通英语，尤其口语，已将多本中文书籍译成英语，懂一些日语、能用日语与外宾对话。联系电话：3654731联系地址：苏州市

2、人民路一号 第 一步：介绍消息来源介绍消息来源实际上是求职信的开篇交待句，它可使求职信显得自然、顺畅；而不介绍消息来源，会使收信人感到意外、突然，文章也缺乏过渡、照应，本文消息来源可作如下介绍：Dear manager,I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator.”第二步：表明求职心愿介绍完消息来源后，应向收信人表明自己的求职心愿，即写信的目的，本文求职心愿可作如下介绍：Im interested in this job very much.Id like to get

3、this job.“第三步：介绍个人简历某单位需要新人，求职人也有求职心愿，但这并不意味着这项工作非你莫属。如果你没有干好这项工作的经历、实力，也是难以适应的。因此，介绍个人简历是必不可少的。本文个人简历可介绍如下：Now Id like to introduce myself to you.My name is Li Ping.Im 30 years old.Im 180 cm tall.Im healthy.I like swimming,singing and dancing in my spare time.I graduated from BeijingUniversity in 1

4、994.Then,l went to work in Nantong Middle School.In 1996,I began to work inSuzhou Middle School and I have worked there until now.，第四步：摆出求职优势仅有一定的工作经历而没有自身的优势和特长，也很难求得称心如意的工作。因此，求职时应表明自己除了具有定的工作经历之外，还具有一定的优势和特长，这样才能稳操胜券。本文可通过如下方法摆出自己的优势：I work hard and I can get along well with others.Im good at Eng

5、lish and especially myspoken English is very good.Ive translated many Chinese books into English.I canunderstand Japanese and I can talk to foreigners in Japanese freely.M第五步：提出获职打算丰富的工作经验，一定的优势和特长，只能代表过去和现在的情况，如果获职后自以为心愿已了，从此高枕无忧，马虎从事，那也是得不到用人单位认可的。显然表明获职后努力工作的决心是感动用人单位的领导从而顺利谋得此项工作的重要一环。本文获职打算可作如下

6、介绍：If you agree with me,Ill work hard and try to be a good translator.”第六步：请求答复联系如果单位领导同意了你的求职要求，你必然要请他和你联系，以便你及时做好准备，到用人单位应聘或报到。为准确起见，请求答复联系时你还应当提供你的通讯地址、邮政编码、电话号码、电子信箱等。本文答复联系的内容可作如下介绍：If you agree with me,please write a letter to me or phone me.I live at No.1 RenminRoad,Suzhou city.My telephone n

7、umber is 3654371.M第七步：表明感激之情无论你的请求是否能够得到满意的答复，你给用人单位写信就是给对方添了麻烦，因此你应向对方表明感激之情。本文可这样来表明感激之情：Thank you very much.上述七步内容联成一个整体，再加上下面的信尾，就成为一封完整的求职信。Yours TrulyLiPing 实战训练：假如你是王林，李明是你的好友，他对Brown先生的公司(firm)感兴趣，打算到该公司谋职(applyforaposition),请根据下面李明的简历表，用英语写一封推荐信，词数120左右。Dear Mr.Brown,姓名李明性别男国籍中国出生地山东济南婚否已婚出

8、生日期1968.5.1通讯地址济南市人民路148号电话6600537教育程度大学职业律师外语水平擅长英语、懂些日语其 他有三年工作经验，办事认真，待人诚恳，与人相处和睦My friend-Li Ming wants to apply for a position with your firm.Now,Id like to introduce myfriend to you.Li Ping graduated from a college three years ago and since then he has workedas a lawyer.He is good at English a

9、nd knows some Japanese.He works hard and is careful ineverything he does.He is honest,kind and easy to get on with.He was born on May 1,1968 inJinan,Shandong Province,China.He is married and lives at No.148 Renmin Road,Jinancity.He shows great interest in your firm.If he is accepted,he will do his b

10、est.Im sure he willbe fit for the position.If you agree with him,please write a letter to him,his telephone numberis 6600537.Yours truly面试时常被问及的问题1.“What can you tell me about yourself?”This is not an invitation to giveyour life history.The interviewer is looking for clues about your character,quali

11、fications,ambitions,and motivations.The following is a good example ofa positive response.In high school I was involved in competitive sports and Ialways tried to improve in each sport I participated in.A s a college student,I worked in a clothing store part-time and found that I could sell things e

12、asily.The sale was important,but for me,it was even more important to make sure thatthe customer was satisfied.It was not long before customers came back to the storeand specifically asked for me to help them.Im very competitive and it means alot to me to be the best./z1.“关于你自己，你能告诉我些什么？”这一问题并非在请你大谈

13、你的个人历史。雇主是在寻找有关你性格、资历、志向和生活动力的线索。下面是一个积极正面回答的好例子：”在高中我参加各种竞争性体育活动，并一直努力提高各项运动的成绩。大学期间，我曾在一家服装店打工，我发现我能轻而易举地将东西推销出去。销售固然重要，但对我来说，更重要的是要确信顾客能够满意。不久便有顾客返回那家服装店点名让我为他们服务。我很有竞争意识，力求完美对我很重要。”2.“Why do you want to work for us?This is an obvious question and,if youhave done your research on the company,you

14、should be able to give a good reason.Organize your reasons into several short sentences that clearly spell out yourinterest.You are a leader in the field of electronics.Your company is a F ortune500 company.Your management is very progressive.，z2.“你为什么想为我们工作？”这是个明确的问题。如果你对该公司做过调查研究，你应该能够给出很好的理由。你要将你

15、的理由编成儿句简短的话清楚地表明你的兴趣。如可答：“你们在电子领域是领头人。你 们公司是 财富杂志评选的500强之一。你们的管理很先进。”3.“Why should I hire you?”Once again,you should not be long winded,butyou should provide a summary of your qualifications.B e positive and show thatyou are capable of doing the job.B ased on the internships that I have participated

16、in and the related part-time experiences I have had,I can do the job.3.“为什么我应该聘用你？”同样，你不应长篇大论，而应提供有关你资历的扼要说明。要肯定自己，表明你能胜任此项工作。如答：”根据我参加过的实习和与此相关的打工经历。我能胜任。”4.How do you feel about your progress to date?”Never apologize for whatyou have done.I think I did well in school.In fact,in a number of courses

17、 Ireceived the highest exam scores in the class.A s an intern for the X Company,I received some of the highest evaluations that had been given in years.4.对于你至今所取得的进步你是怎样看的？“绝不要对你以前的所作所为表示内疚。如可答：我认为我在学校表现不错。事实上，有好儿门功课我的成绩居全班第一。“在某公司实习时，我获得了该公司数年来给予其雇员的好几项最高评价。”5.“What would you like to be doing five

18、years from now?”Know what you canr e a l i s t i c a l l y a c c o mpli s h.Y ou c a n f i nd ou t b y t a lki ng t o ot h e r s a b ou t w h a t t h e ya c c ompli s h e d i n t h e i r f i r s t f i v e y e a r s w i t h a pa r t i c u la r c ompa ny.I h ope t o b et h e b e s t I c a n b e a t my

19、 job a nd b e c a u s e ma ny i n t h i s li ne of w or k a r e pr omot e dt o a r e a ma na g e r,I a m pla nni ng on t h a t a ls o.5 .从今以后5年内你想做些什么？你要清楚你实际上能胜任什么。你可以事先和他人交流一番。问问他们在某公司的头5年都做了些什么。如可答。我希望能在我的职位上尽力做好工作，由于在同一领域工作的许多人都被提为区域负责人，所以我亦有此打算。”6 .W h a t i s y ou r g r e a t e s t w e a kne s

20、 s?”Y ou c a nnot a v oi d t h i s q u e s t i on b y s a y i ngt h a t y ou d o not h a v e a ny,e v e r y one h a s w e a kne s s e s.T h e b e s t a ppr oa c h i s t o a d mi ty ou r w e a kne s s b u t s h ow t h a t y ou a r e w or ki ng on i t a nd h a v e a pla n t o ov e r c ome i t.I f pos

21、s i b le,c i t e a w e a kne s s t h a t w i ll w or k t o t h e c ompa ny，s a d v a nt a g e.I m s u c ha pe r f e c t i oni s t t h a t I w on，t s t op u nt i l a job i s w e ll d one.6 .你最大的弱点是什么？你不应该说你没有任何弱点，以此来回避这个问题；每个人都有弱点。最佳策略是承认你的弱点，但同时表明你在予以改进，并有克服弱点的计划。可能的话，你可说出一项可能会给公司带来好处的弱点，如可说：我是一个完美主

22、义者。工作做得不漂亮，我是不会撒手的。7 .“W h a t i s y ou r g r e a t e s t s t r e ng t h?T h i s i s a r e a l oppor t u ni t y t o t oot y ou row n h or n.D o not b r a g or g e t t oo e g ot i s t i c a l,b u t le t t h e e mploy e r know t h a t y oub e li e v e i n y ou r s e lf a nd t h a t y ou know y ou r s

23、t r e ng t h s.I f e e l t h a t my s t r ong e s ta s s e t i s my a b i li t y t o s t i c k t o t h i ng s t o g e t t h e m d one.I f e e l a r e a l s e ns e ofa c c ompli s h me nt w h e n I f i ni s h a job a nd i t t u r ns ou t ju s t a s I d pla nne d.I v e s e ts ome h i g h g oa ls f or

24、my s e lf.F or e x a mple,I w a nt t o g r a d u a t e w i t h h i g h e s td i s t i nc t i on.A nd e v e n t h ou g h I h a d a s low s t a r t i n my f r e s h ma n y e a r,I ma d e u pf or i t b y d oi ng a n h onor，s t h e s i s.z z7 .“你最突出的优点是什么？”这是你展示自己 的最佳机会，不要吹嘘自己或过于自负，但要让雇主知道你相信自己，你知道自己的优点

25、。如可答：我认为我最大的优点是能够执着地尽力把事情办好。当做完一件工作而其成果又正合我的预想时，我会有一种真正的成就感。我给自己定了一些高目标。比如说，我要成为出色的毕业生。尽管在大学一年级时我启动慢了些，但最终我以优等论文完成了学业。”8.z，What goals have you set and how did you meet them?”This question examinesyour ability to plan ahead and meet your plan with specific actions.Last year,during a magazine drive to

26、 raise money for our band trip,I set my goal at raising20 percent more than I had the year before.I knew the drive was going to beginin September,so I started contacting people in A ugust.I asked each of my customersfrom last year to give me the names of one or two new people who might also buya mag

27、azine.I not only met my goal,but I also was the top salesperson on the drive.No matter what question you are asked,answer it honestly and succinctly.Mostinterviewers are looking for positive statements,well-expressed ideas,persuasiveness,and clear thinking under pressure.8.你定过什么目标，你又是怎样达到那些目标的？”这一问题

28、在考查你预先计划和以具体行动完成计划的能力。你可答：“去年在为我们乐队旅行集资而开展的一家杂志促销活动中，我定下的目标是比我前一年达到的再多2 0%。我知道促销将于9月份展开，于是我在8月份就开始联系人。我请求我前一年的顾客给我提供一个或两个可能会买杂志的新客户。我不仅达到了目标，还成为促销活动中销售量最高的人员。”总之，不管你在面试中被问到什么问题，回答都要诚实而简明。雇主大都希求明确的陈述，表达良好的想法，有说服力的言谈和压力之下清晰的思路。其他注意事项A lways maintain eye contact with the interviewer.Show that you are c

29、onfidentby looking straight at the person.Eye contact may not get you the job,but lackof eye contact can reduce your chances dramatically.Most interviewers greet theapplicant with a handshake.Make sure that your clasp is firm.B eing jittery aboutthe interview can result in cold,clammy hands,which cr

30、eate a negative impression.Therefore,make sure your hands are warm and dry.B efore leaving,try to find outexactly what action will follow the interview and when it will happen.A shakehands as you say good-bye and thank the interviewer for spending time with you.和雇主要一直保持目光接触。直视对方说明你有自信。目光接触也许不会确保你得到这

31、份工作，但缺乏目光接触，就会使你成功的机会明显下降。面试的雇主大都与应聘者握握手。要确保你的握手有力量。情绪紧张地来参加面试会使你伸出的手冰冷潮湿，会给雇主留下负面印象。所以，要让你的手温暖干燥。临走之前，争取问问面试后下一步该是什么，何时开始。道别时要握手感谢雇主花时间面试你。教你如何用英语跟上司说话1 o申请许可Wouldnt it be possible for me to take the day off this F riday?（这个星期五，我是否可以休一天假？）请休假用takethe day off。如果是两天以上就用days off。老板会很干脆地答应说that,11 be O

32、K,或是会带有不悦意味回答will everything be all right?（一切都安排就绪了吗？），这些都要看你平时的工作表现而定。2。提议I think we need to buy a new copier.（我想我们需要买一台新的复印机）说出上句之前，必须说明our copying machine has broken down again.（复印机又出毛病了）以作为提案的依据。客气一些的提议，用suggest如I would suggest we buy anew copoer.3O表示了解上司的指示Yes,of course.（是，我知道了）也可用I understand（

33、我明白了），或Yes,right away（好的马上去做），对上司说0K,或 all right 并不恰当。很忙时，说 Im sorry,but Im busy now.Could I do itl a t e r?4O确认上司指示的内容Y o r d i d s a y n e x t T u e s d a y a t 2:0 0 P.M.,d i d n t y o u?（您是说在下星期二下午 2 点，是不是？）任何事都必须确认一下。如果对方是外国人更要如此。上句也可直截了当地说l e t m ec o n f i r m（让我确认一下时间和日期）5o报告商谈结果I h a d a f

34、e e l i n g h e w a s i n f a v o r o f t h e p l a n.（我觉得他赞成那个计划）记住 I h a v e a f e e l i n g （t h a t）.（我觉得.）,及.（t h a t ）h e w a s a g a i n s t t h ep l a n.（他反对那个计划）这两句话都很管用如何在应用英语时避免性别歧视？近四十年来，尽管非性别歧视语还没有达到非不可的程度，但它毕竟已进人日常会话和写作的主流之中。随便翻开一张英美的报纸，或瞧一下五花八门的宣传广告，就会发现s u p e r v i s o r （工头，领班）替代了原

35、来的 f o r e m a n,w o r k m a n s c o m p e n s a t i o n （工人赔偿金）变成了 w o r k e r s c o m p e n s a t i o n；s a l e s r e p,s a l e s a s s o c i a t e 或 s e l l e r （推销员）取代了常用词s a l e s m a n等。为此，笔者将有关资料整理如下，供英语学习者参考。请注意，所选用的例句，除个别注明外，均选自R o s a l i e Ma g g i o编写的T h e No n s e l i s t W o r dF i n

36、d e r：A D i c t i o n a r y o f G e n d e r F r e e Us a g e （Ma g g i o,1 9 8 9）。1.尽量不用通性代词h e,除了明确地指代一个男性人物时，都要设法避免使用之。可以根据语境需要，选用下列替换方式:1）采用复数形式Sexist：When bathing a baby,never leave him unattended.Revised：When bathing babies,never leave them unattended.给婴儿洗澡时，一定不能让他们无人照料。2）用 we/us/our改写原句Sexist：

37、F rom each according to his abilities,to each according to his needs.Revised：F rom each of us according to our abilities,to each of us according toour needs.各尽所能，按需分配。3）改用第二人称、Sexist:No man knows his true character until he has run out of gas,purchasedsomething on the installment plan and raised an

38、adolescent.Revised:You don，t know what your true character is until you have run out of gas,purchased something on the!installment plan and raised an adolescent.只有当汽车大的油用光了，按分规付款方式购物和抚养大一个孩子时，人的本来品性才会显露出来。4）改用被动语态Sexist：One who,when he has the choice of two evils,chooses both.Revised：One who,when gi

39、ven the choice of two evils,chooses both.一个在两种恶行之中要作出选择就两者都选的人。5）完全省略代词Sexist:What a person thinks of after he becomes a departee?Revi s ed：What a p er s o n t hi n k s o f aft er beco m i n g a dep ar t ee?个人离去后，会作何感想呢？6）用冠词替代Sexi s t：C an a cr i t i c gi ve hi s o p i n i o n o f an o m el et wi t

40、 ho ut bei n g as k ed t o m ak eo n e?Revi s ed：C an a cr i t i c gi ve an o p i n i o n o f.?评论家议论煎蛋时难道到非要他去自己煎鸡蛋吗？7）用 s o m eo n e,o n e,t he o n e,n o o n e 等替代Sexi s t：H e who can t ak e advi ce i s s o m et i m es s up er i o r t o hi m who can gi ve i t.Revi s ed：So m eo n e who can t ak e ad

41、vi ce i s s o m et i m es s up er i o r t o t he o n e who cangi ve i t.接受忠告者有时胜过发出忠告者。8）使 用 he an d s he或 hi s an d her,但使用的次数不宜太多。s/he仅可用于备忘录（m em o s）,便条（n o t es）,或者非正式的交谈之中。9）用名词或上下文中用过的同义词替换Sexi s t:To fi n d a fr i en d o n e m us t cl o s e o n e eye-t o k eep hi m,t wo.Revi s ed:To fi n d a

42、 fr i en d,o n e m us t cl o s e o n e eye-t o k eep a fr i en d,t wo.想找朋友；就得睁一只眼，闭一只眼；想留住朋友，就得双眼都闭上。2.尽量使用那些包括两性在内的词，即无性别之分的词（gen der-fr ee wo r ds）,例 如:chi l d,t eacher,o ffi cer （警官），p eo p l e,wo r k er,i m m i gr an t （移民），vo t er（投票者，选民），co ach（教练），chur ch m em ber （教友）,s al e r ep （推销员）,gr an

43、 dp ar en t （夕卜/祖父或祖母）,l eader,even i n g s t uden t,em p l o yee（雇员）,t es t ee（考生，应试者），en gi n eer,cus t o m er s （顾客），deal er （交易者，商人），cl er k（职员，办事员），ci vi l i an（平民）,s ci en t i s t,o p er at o r （接线员,办事员），p at r i o t （爱国者），person,planner（策划者，计划者）,politician（政客），producer（生产者、制造者），tutor（家庭教师，导师，

44、美国助教），reporter,writer,chief executive（首席行政长官），everybody,expert等.3、如非特指男性或女性，尽量用同义词或近义词替换含有-girl,-woman,-wife,-man后缀的词，例如：calendar girl（月份牌上的美女像）-calendar model挂历模特call girl（应召女郎）一prostitute 妓女cover girl（杂志封面女郎）一cover model封面模特flag girl（女司旗手）-flag bearer司旗手，执旗员flower girl（卖花女）-flower seller 卖花人housew

45、ife（家庭主妇）一house worker（家务工人）midwife（接生婆）-birth attendant（助产士）showgirl（舞女，歌女）-dancer（伴舞者）chairman（主席）-chair,head（主席，头头）ring man（赌/赛马者）一bettor；gambler（赌马者，赌博者）seaman（海员，水兵）一sailor；navigator；mariner pilot,captain 水手，航海者，船员，领航员，船长spokesman（发言人）-speaker;representative,voice;press agent 发言人，代表，right-hand

46、man（得力助手）-right hand;deputy;assistant；helper 得力助手,副手，助理，助手4.写信时，如果不知道收信人的性别，最好不要使用传统的Dear Sir；Dear Gentleman,Dear Madam.可以选用下列之一：1）Dear friends of the library（亲爱的图书馆的朋友们）2）Dear Madams and Sirs（亲爱的女士们及先生们）3）Dear Personnel Officer（亲爱的人事处长）4）Dear Committee Member（亲爱的委员）5）Dear Citizen（亲爱的公民）6）Dear Custo

47、mer（亲爱的顾客）7）Dear Councilor（亲爱的参议员,或顾问）8）Dear A gent（亲爱的代办）9）Dear Director（亲爱的厂长或局长；主任；）5.尽量少引用含有通性词man;men的引语，如果非引用不可，下列处理办法可供选择:1）不直接引用，把引语进行释义Sexist：W.Phillips said:The best use of laws is to teach people to tramplebed laws under their feet.Revised：W.Phillips suggested that the best use of law is

48、to teach people totrample bad ones under their feet.W菲利普斯说：“行使法律的最好办法是教导人们把不好的法律踩在脚下。2）使用sic（原文如此）让读者意识到原文中的man使用得不大恰当。例如：w.Phillips said：”The best used laws is to teach mensic to trample bad onesunder their feet.”3）对上述引语，也可只引用其中的一部分，例如：W.Phillips said the best use of laws was to teach people to tra

49、mple bad lawsunder their feet”。我们赞同Rosalie Maggio所讲的话：“It is also necessary to acknowledge that there can be no solution to the problemof sexism in society on the level of language alone.Using the word secretaryinclusively,for example,does not change the fact that only 1.6%of A mericansecretaries ar

50、e men.Using director instead of directress does not mean a womanwill necessarily enjoy the same opportunities today a man might.英文E-m ail的写作要领随着电脑走进千家万户，一张无形的巨网也悄然织起。这就是Internet（因特网，国际互联网）。一旦连接了 Internet,信息传递就成为一件非常轻松惬意的事情。在网上最常使用的服务就是E-mail（电子邮件,electronic mail,常缩略为E-mail,e-mail或 email）,这是因为电子邮件不但使