英语高考真题卷--天津（含答案解析）.pdf

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1、2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试天津卷英 语本试卷分为第I 卷（选择题）和第n 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 1 30 分，考试用时loo分钟。第 I 卷第一部分:英语知识运用（共两节,满分4 5分）第一节:单项填空（共 1 5小题;每小题1分,满 分 1 5分）从 A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.一Wasn,t J oan supposed to be here by now?_ She will be here in about twenty minutes.A.All right B.D on,t worryC.N o wonder D.E njoy you

2、rself2.K ate,sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work inAustralia.A.whom B.that C.whose D.her3.At first Robert wouldn t let his daughter go diving,but eventually he as she wasso confident about her skills.A.gave in B.dressed upC.broke in D.turned up4.L et s not pick these

3、 peaches until this weekend they get sweet enough to beeaten.A.ever since B.as ifC.even though D.so that5.一I m moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.一.J ust let me know when,and I 1 1 be there.A.You bet B.I t dependsC.F orget it D.N o kidding6.The that there is life on other planets in

4、 the universe has always inspiredscientists to explore the outer space.A.advice B.orderC.possibility D.invitation7.I need a new passport so I will have to have my p h o t o g r a p h.A.taking B.takenC.being taken D.take8.I t took him a long time to the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A.disp

5、lay B.acquire C.teach D.test9.The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.A.whomever B.whereverC.whoever D.whatever1 0.I can t find my purse.I it in the supermarket yesterday,but I m not sure.A.should leave B.must have leftC.might leave D.could have left1 1.Bob thought

6、 he couldn,t go to the party because he had to write a report,but hewent.A.at first B.after allC.above all D.at random1 2.I didn t mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn,t helpit.A.to eat;to try B.eating;tryingC.eating;to try D.to eat;trying1 3.M y washing machine this week,so

7、I have to wash my clothes by hand.A.was repaired B.is repairedC.is being repaired D.has been repaired1 4.I t was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw L ily in thepassenger seat.A.which B.that C.when D.where1 5.I f we the flight yesterday,we would be enjoying our holiday on the be

8、ach now.A.had caught B.caughtC.have caught D.would catch第二节:完形填空(共2 0 小题;每小题1.5 分,满分30 分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1 6 35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。N o one is born a winner.People make themselves into winners by their own 1 6.I learned this lesson from a(n)1 7 many years ago.I took the head 1 8 job at aschool i

9、n Baxley,G eorgia.I t was a small school with a weak football program.I t was a tradition for the school s old team to play against the 1 9 team at theend of spring practice.The old team had no coach,and they didn,t even practice to 2 0the game.Being the coach of the new team,I was excited because I

10、 knew we were going to win,but to my disappointment we were defeated.I couldn,t 2 1 I had got into such asituation.Thinking hard about it,I came to 2 2 that my team might not be the number oneteam in G eorgia,but they were 2 3 me.I had to change my 2 4 about their ability andpotential.I started doin

11、g anything I could to help them build a 1 ittle 2 5.M ost important,Ibegan to treat them like 2 6.That summer,when the other teams enjoyed their 2 7 ,wemet every day and 2 8 passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our 2 9 on the spring practice field,we won our firstgame and our

12、second,and continued to 30 .F inally,we faced the number one team in thestate.I felt that it would be a 31 for us even if we lost the game.But that wasn,twhat happened.M y boys beat the best team in G eorgia,giving me one of the greatest _ 32of my life!F rom the experience I learned a lot about how

13、the attitude of the leader can 33 themembers of a team.I nstead of seeing my boys as losers,I pushed and 34 them.I helpedthem to see themselves 35,and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made,not born.1 6.A.luckB.testsC.effortsD.nature1 7.A.experimentB.experienceC.visitD.show1 8.A.operati

14、ngB.editingc.consultingD.coaching1 9.A.successfulB.excellentC.strongD.new2 0.A.cheer forB.prepare forC.help withD.finish with2 1.A.believeB.agreeC.describeD.regret2 2.A.realizeB.claimC.permitD.demand2 3.A.reacting toB.looking forC.depending onD.caring about2 4.A.decisionB.attitudeC.conclusionD.inten

15、tion2 5.A.prideB.cultureC.fortuneD.relationship2 6.A.leadersB.partnersC.winnersD.learners2 7.A.rewardsB.vacationsc.healthD.honor2 8.A.riskedB.missedc.consideredD.practiced2 9.A.defeatB.declinec.accidentD.mistake30.A.relaxB.improvec.expandD.defend31.A.shameB.burdenc.victoryD.favor32.A.chancesB.thrill

16、sc.concernsD.offers33.A.surpriseB.servec.interestD.affect34.A.encouragedB.observedc.protectedD.impressed35.A.honestlyB.individually C.calmlyD.differently第二部分：阅读理解（共2 0小题;每小题2.5分,满分5 0分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AF ire Prevention I nformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff

17、 of fire prevention professionals.Theyinspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler（喷水灭火装置）systems,firealarms,and fire extinguishers（灭火器）.They also provide educational programs on firesafety in the residence halls.Whenever you move to a new area,you should locate the firealarm pul

18、l stations and the two exits nearest your room.F ire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual（手动的）fire alarm systemswhich include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.M ost are also equipped with automatic firealarm systems consisting of heat detectors,smoke detectors and spri

19、nklers.F or your safety,never tamper with（胡舌L摆弄）these systems.F alse fire alarms are illegal and may lead toimprisonment.F ire D rillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester.D uring a fire drill,please do the following:Take your room key and I D,close and lock the door t

20、o your room.E xit immediately from the nearest emergency exit;do not use a lift.M eet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.F ire E xtinguishersF ire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisheronly if you have been trained to do so

21、.I rresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can createa dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.M isuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke D etectorsA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room.Some buildings also have heat detectors o

22、nthe ceilings.D o the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:I f your smoke detector is working properly,the red light should be on.I f the red light isnot blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.D o not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.I f a smoke d

23、etector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke,inform your hall staff.36.What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?A.To provide part-time jobs for students.B.To lead the students to the nearest exits.C.To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D.To train teachers to b

24、e fire prevention professionals.37.What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?A.Pipes and smoke detectors.B.Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C.F ire alarm pull stations and pipes.D.Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.38.I n a fire drill,the students should.A.rush quickly to a liftB.gather at

25、 the nearest exitC.shut the door and leave at onceD.wait for instructions in the hall39.What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A.Using them wrongly results in punishment.B.I rresponsible use of them can damage them.C.I mproper use of them can destroy the apartment.D.Using them without a

26、 trainer present is forbidden.4 0.To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector,one should.A.contact the hall staff regularlyB.cover the things that burn easilyC.start the smoke detector in a fireD.make certain the red light is workingBWhen I was 1 7,I read a magazine article about a museum cal

27、led the M cN ay,once the homeof a watercolorist named M arian M cN ay.She had requested the community to turn it into amuseum upon her death.O n a sunny Saturday,Sally and I drove over to the museum.She asked,D o you have the address?”N o,but I 1 1 recognize it,there was a picture in themagazine.0 h

28、,stop.There it is!The museum was free.We entered,excited.A group of people sitting in the hall stoppedtalking and stared at us.M ay I help you?”a man asked.N o,I said.We re fine.Tour guides got on my nerves.What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren*t that interested in?Sally hadgone

29、 upstairs.The people in the hall seemed very nosy（爱窥探的），keeping their eyes on mewith curiosity.What was their problem?I saw some nice sculptures in one room.Suddenly Isensed a man standing behind me.zzWhere do you think you are?”he asked.I turned sharply.“The M cN ay Art M useum!”H e smiled,shaking

30、his head.Sorry,the M cN ay is on N ew BraunfelsStreet.What s this place?”I asked,still confused.Well,it s our home.M y heartjolted（震颤）.I raced to the staircase and cal led out,“Sally!Come down immediately!“There s some really good stuff（艺术作品）up there.She stepped down,looking confused.I pushed her to

31、ward the front door,waving at the family,saying,“Sorry,please forgive us,you have a really nice place.O utside,when I told Sally what happened,she covered hermouth,laughing.She couldn,t believe how long they let us look around without sayinganything.The real M cN ay was splendid,but we felt nervous

32、the whole time we were there.Van G ogh,Picasso.This time,we stayed together,in case anything else unusual happened.Thirty years later,a woman approached me in a public place.E xcuse me,did you everenter a residence,long ago,thinking it was the M cN ay M useum?”Ycs.But how do you know?We never told a

33、nyone.“That was my home.I was a teenager sitting in the hall.Before you came over,I neverrealized what a beautiful place I lived in.I never felt lucky before.You thought it was amuseum.M y feelings about my home changed after that.I ve always wanted to thank you.”4 1.What do we know about M arian M

34、cN ay?A.She was a painter.B.She was a community leader.C.She was a museum director.D.She was a journalist.42.Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?A.She disliked people who were nosy.B.She felt nervous when talking to strangers.C.She knew more about art than the man.D.She mist

35、ook him for a tour guide.4 3.H ow did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?A.Puzzled.B.Concerned.C.F rightened.D.D elighted.4 4.Why did the author describe the real M cN ay museum in just a few words?A.The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.B.She was too ups

36、et to spend much time at the real museum.C.The M cN ay was disappointing compared with the house.D.The event happening in the house was more significant.4 5.What could we learn from the last paragraph?A.People should have good taste to enjoy life.B.People should spend more time with their family.C.P

37、eople tend to be blind to the beauty around them.D.People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.CThereJ s a new frontier in 3D printing that s beginning to come into focus:food.Recent development has made possible machines that print,cook,and serve foods on amass scale.And the industry isn,t stoppin

38、g there.F ood productionWith a 3D printer,a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautifulpieces for decoration on a wedding cake.N ot everybody can do that-it takes years ofexperience,but a printer makes it easy.A restaurant in Spain uses a F oodini to re-createforms and pieces of fo

39、od that are exactly the same,“freeing cooks to complete other tasks.Tn another restaurant,all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather thanfarm to table.Sustainability（可持续性）The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2 0 50,and some analystsestimate that food produc

40、tion will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain currentlevels.Sustainability is becoming a necessity.3D food printing could probably contributeto the solution.Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids（水解胶体）fromplentiful renewables like algae（藻类）and grass to replace the familiar ing

41、redients（烹饪原料）.3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.G rocery stores of the future might stock food that lasts years on end,freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation andstorage requirements.N utritionF uture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier.H od L ipson,a profess

42、or atColumbia University,said,“F ood printing could allow consumers to print food withcustomized nutritional content,like vitamins.So instead of eating a piece of yesterday sbread from the supermarket,you d eat something baked just for you on demand.z/ChallengesD espite recent advancements in 3D foo

43、d printing,the industry has many challenges toovercome.Currently,most ingredients must be changed to a paste（糊状物）before a printer canuse them,and the printing process is quite time-consuming,because ingredients interactwith each other in very complex ways.O n top of that,most of the 3D food printers

44、 now arerestricted to dry ingredients,because meat and milk products may easily go bad.Some expertsare skeptical about 3D food printers,believing they are better suited for fast foodrestaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.4 6.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?A.I t helps

45、 cooks to create new dishes.B.I t saves time and effort in cooking.C.I t improves the cooking conditions.D.I t contributes to restaurant decorations.4 7.What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3?A.I t solves food shortages easily.B.I t quickens the transportation of food.C.I t needs

46、no space for the storage of food.D.I t uses renewable materials as sources of food.4 8.According to Paragraph 4,3D-printed food.A.is more available to consumersB.can meet individual nutritional needsC.is more tasty than food in supermarketsD.can keep all the nutrition in raw materials4 9.What is the

47、 main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?A.The printing process is complicated.B.3D food printers are too expensive.C.F ood materials have to be dry.D.Some experts doubt 3D food printing.50.What could be the best title of the passage?A.3D F ood Printing:D elicious N ew Techn

48、ologyB.A N ew Way to I mprove 3D F ood PrintingC.The Challenges for 3D F ood ProductionD.3D F ood Printing:F rom F arm to TableDG ive yourself a test.Which way is the wind blowing?H ow many kinds of wildflowers canbe seen from your front door?I f your awareness is as sharp as it could be,you 1 1 hav

49、e notrouble answering these questions.M ost of us observed much more as children than we do as adults.A child,s day is filledwith fascination,newness and wonder.Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness.Butdistinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear;we are numb（麻木的）to newstimulatio

50、n（刺激），new ideas.Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quitesimple,although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see andfeel before it occurs.This blocks awareness.O ne chilly night when I w