人教版英语选修七语法.pptx

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1、人教版英语选修七语法人教版英语选修七语法 动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式(Infinitive)(Infinitive)由由由由 “to+do”“to+do”构成构成构成构成,否定形式否定形式否定形式否定形式_ Functions of Infinitive:Functions of Infinitive:主语主语主语主语(Subject)(Subject)、表语表语表语表语(PredicativePredicative)、宾语宾语宾语宾语(Object)、宾补宾补宾补宾补(Object(Object Complement)Complement)、定语定语定语定语(Attribute

2、)(Attribute)、状语状语状语状语(Adverbial)(Adverbial)、做独立成分做独立成分做独立成分做独立成分(Independent component)(Independent component)与疑问词等连用与疑问词等连用与疑问词等连用与疑问词等连用P.S:P.S:不定式不定式不定式不定式可有自己的可有自己的可有自己的可有自己的逻辑主语逻辑主语逻辑主语逻辑主语,即即即即for sb.to do sth.for sb.to do sth.动词不定式不能作动词不定式不能作动词不定式不能作动词不定式不能作_谓语not/never to do第1页/共40页1.1.不定式作主

3、语不定式作主语不定式作主语不定式作主语 (subject)(subject)To finishTo finish this report took him a week.this report took him a week.眼见为实。眼见为实。眼见为实。眼见为实。To seeTo see is is to believeto believe.=.=SeeingSeeing is is believingbelieving.Its impossible _ humans to fly like a bird Its impossible _ humans to fly like a bird

4、now.now.Its polite _ you to greet everyone.Its polite _ you to greet everyone.P.S:P.S:单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用_。不定式作主、宾、表通常表示具体的、一次性的、不定式作主、宾、表通常表示具体的、一次性的、不定式作主、宾、表通常表示具体的、一次性的、不定式作主、宾、表通常表示具体的、一次性的、特定的行为。特定的行为。特定的行为。特定的行为。若不定式太长，多用若不定式太长，多用若不定式太长，多用若不定式太长，多用it i

5、t作作作作_,_,不定式置后。不定式置后。不定式置后。不定式置后。forof单数形式主语第2页/共40页2.2.不定式作表语不定式作表语不定式作表语不定式作表语 (Predicative)(Predicative)What I would suggest is What I would suggest is to put off the meetingto put off the meeting.To seeTo see is is to believeto believe.=.=SeeingSeeing is is believingbelieving.P.S:P.S:主语为不定式，表语也需

6、为主语为不定式，表语也需为主语为不定式，表语也需为主语为不定式，表语也需为_._.我的工作是要帮助病人。我的工作是要帮助病人。我的工作是要帮助病人。我的工作是要帮助病人。My job is to help the patients.My job is to help the patients.不定式常用在系动词不定式常用在系动词不定式常用在系动词不定式常用在系动词 be,seem,appear,get,remainbe,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表语等后作表语等后作表语等后作表语The only thing to do now is(to)go on.The only

7、thing to do now is(to)go on.What Ill do is(to)tell her the truth.What Ill do is(to)tell her the truth.All he did just now was(to)complete the form.All he did just now was(to)complete the form.P.S:P.S:当主语含有当主语含有当主语含有当主语含有_，作表语的不定式可省，作表语的不定式可省，作表语的不定式可省，作表语的不定式可省略略略略_._.不定式do 的某种形式to第3页/共40页3.3.不定式作宾语

8、不定式作宾语不定式作宾语不定式作宾语 (Object)(Object)I decided to ask for my money back.我觉得他不可能在这么短的时间我觉得他不可能在这么短的时间内完成任务。内完成任务。I feel it impossible for him to finish the job in such a short time.It 作作_：think/consider/find/feel/believe/suppose/think/consider/find/feel/believe/suppose/make+make+itit+adj./n.+adj./n.+to

9、 doto do sth.sth.形式宾语第4页/共40页4.4.不定式作宾补不定式作宾补不定式作宾补不定式作宾补 (Object Complement)(Object Complement)1)1)带带带带toto的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补动词动词动词动词:allow,order,force,permit,tell,want,wish,:allow,order,force,permit,tell,want,wish,forbid,advise,persuade,warnforbid,advise,persuade,warn等后皆以带等后皆以带等后皆以带等后皆以带

10、toto的不的不的不的不定式作宾补。定式作宾补。定式作宾补。定式作宾补。2)2)他做了一个鬼脸他做了一个鬼脸他做了一个鬼脸他做了一个鬼脸,逗得大家都笑了。逗得大家都笑了。逗得大家都笑了。逗得大家都笑了。He made a face and He made a face and mademade us laugh.us laugh.作宾补的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补的不定式不带不带不带不带toto:使役动词使役动词使役动词使役动词make,have,let;感官动词感官动词感官动词感官动词see,watch,observe,hear,listen to,notice等等等等被动态H

11、e made a face and we _.were made to laughP.S.若上述结构变为被动语态,to要还原。第5页/共40页 1.They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree.The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.2.Mother made John wash the car for a week.John was made to wash the car for a week.第6页/共40页5.5.不定式作定语不定式作定语不定式作定语不定式作定语 (Attribute)(

12、Attribute)Could you lend me a pen Could you lend me a pen _(write)?_(write)?He is looking for a room _(live).He is looking for a room _(live).Please pass me some paper _ Please pass me some paper _(write).(write).P.S：若不定式是若不定式是vi.,不定式后介词不定式后介词不可省。不可省。He had place _(live).P.S：不定式所修饰的名词若是不定式所修饰的名词若是ti

13、me,place或或way，其的介词习，其的介词习惯上省去。惯上省去。to write withto live into write onto live第7页/共40页5.5.不定式作定语不定式作定语不定式作定语不定式作定语 (Attribute)(Attribute)她总是第一个到最后一个离开。她总是第一个到最后一个离开。She is always the first to come and the last to leave.P.S：当名词被当名词被the first,the last,the only等序数词以及形容词最高等序数词以及形容词最高级修饰时，通常用不定式作定语。级修饰时，通常

14、用不定式作定语。The meeting _(hold)tomorrow is important.P.S：不定式作定语表示不定式作定语表示未发生未发生的的动作。动作。to be held第8页/共40页something,anything,nothing,everything 等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。Do you have anything _(send)?I have nothing _(say).to sendto say第9页/共40页不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间有主谓、同位、动宾主谓、同位、动宾 三种关系：(1)_ 关系I have a lot of work to do.

15、(2)_ 关系He is always the first to come.(3)_ 关系We all have a chance to go to college.动宾主谓同位第10页/共40页6.6.不定式作状语不定式作状语不定式作状语不定式作状语 (Adverbial)(Adverbial)1)1)目的目的目的目的状语状语状语状语(to do,in order to,so as to doto do,in order to,so as to do)I stayed there I stayed there to seeto see what would happen.what would

16、 happen.He spoke loudly He spoke loudly in order toin order to be heard.be heard.2)2)结果结果结果结果状语状语状语状语(tooto do,so/such as to dotooto do,so/such as to do)He lay in the bed only _ his feet exposed.He lay in the bed only _ his feet exposed.He got there only _(find)the train gone.He got there only _(fin

17、d)the train gone.3)3)原因原因原因原因状语状语状语状语(be+adj.+to dobe+adj.+to do )sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruelfoolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel We were very excited We were very excited to hearto hear the news.the new

18、s.I have to say goodbye now.Im happy I have to say goodbye now.Im happy to meetto meet you.you.to findto find第11页/共40页辨析 doing/to do 作结果状语I went to see my aunt only to find her out.I went to see my aunt,finding her out.He donated a lot of money _(enable)the orphans to go to school.He donated a lot o

19、f money,_(enable)the orphans to go to school.to enableenabling第12页/共40页_(老实说老实说),I am not happy at the moment.to be frank to be honest to tell the truth to be shortto begin with to be exact to make a long story short7.7.不定式作独立结构不定式作独立结构不定式作独立结构不定式作独立结构(Absolute (Absolute construction)construction)To

20、 be honest第13页/共40页动词不定式的时态和语态to doto have doneto be doingto have been doingto be doneto have beendone第14页/共40页(1)They pretended not to see us.(2)He pretended to be sleeping.(3)She pretended to have known it before.(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行。)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。)(4)Were happy to have been working with y

21、ou.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续。)It is an honor for me _(invite)to attend the meeting.He wants the house _(repair)at once.to be invitedto be repaired第15页/共40页1)Do you have anything else _(say)?1)Do you have anything else _(say)?2)Boss,do you have anything _(type)?2)Boss,do you have anything

22、 _(type)?3)With much homework _(do),I cant go to 3)With much homework _(do),I cant go to play football with you.play football with you.4)The question is very difficult _(answer).4)The question is very difficult _(answer).5)The problem is easy _(deal with).5)The problem is easy _(deal with).主语主语主语主语b

23、e+adj.+to do be+adj.+to do adj.adj.:difficult,easy,comfortable,fit,hard,:difficult,easy,comfortable,fit,hard,pleasant,tiresome,interesting,nice,heavy,pleasant,tiresome,interesting,nice,heavy,dangerous,light,important.dangerous,light,important.6)The river water is warm enough 6)The river water is war

24、m enough toto swim in.swim in.7)The ice is7)The ice is too too thin thin toto skate on.skate on.too to do,enough to dotoo to do,enough to do 注意：一、不定式的主动形式表示被动意义to sayto be typedto doto answerto deal with第16页/共40页1.如果主语部分有do,用作表语的不定式可省略to。你要做的就是快点完成任务。All you have to do is(to)finish the job quickly.2

25、.感官动词、使役动词后作宾补时,省去to；但在被动语态中to还原。他们看到男孩从树上跌了下来。They saw the boy fall from the tree.=The boy was seen to fall from the tree.注意：二、不定式to的省略第17页/共40页3.cant but/cant choose but/cant help but/cant do but +do She could do nothing but _(cry).We can not choose but _(leave)at once.I have no choice but _(go).W

26、e can not help but _(think)so.注意：二、不定式to的省略cryto gothink 4.不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.-Would you like to go with me?-Id like _.to 不定式是to be 结构,be 不可省.-Would you like to be a teacher?-Id like _.to beleave第18页/共40页不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how,what等连用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。He didnt know what to say.How to solve the pr

27、oblem is very important.My question is when to start.注意：三、不定式与疑问词连用宾语主语表语 为什么不休息下呢？Why not have a rest?P.S:在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，后跟不带to的动词不定式。第19页/共40页stop to do sth.stop to do sth.停下来去做某事停下来去做某事停下来去做某事停下来去做某事 doing sth.doing sth.停止做某事停止做某事停止做某事停止做某事forget to do sth.forget to do sth.忘记去做某

28、事忘记去做某事忘记去做某事忘记去做某事 doing sth.doing sth.忘记已做了某事忘记已做了某事忘记已做了某事忘记已做了某事remember to do sth.记得去做某事 doing sth.记得曾经做某事注意：四、几对易混淆的词组第20页/共40页旅游局国庆“十一”黄金周工作总结_旅游局国庆“十一”黄金周工作小结20 xx年“十一”黄金周假日期间，在市旅指办的正确指导和县委、县政府的正确领导下，县旅指委各成员单位密切配合，与各职能部门、旅游企业共同努力、科学研判，在总结“杭州g20 畅游黄山”活动工作经验的基础上，提前谋划，积极备战，圆满完成了假日旅游统计、协调督导和安全保障

29、工作，旅游市场井然有序，实现了“十一”假日旅游安全平稳运行。一、总体接待情况据统计，20 xx年“十一”黄金周七天全县收费景区实际共接待游客21.22 万人，同比下降8.61%；门票收入1111.8 万元，同比下降13.52%。其中：西递接待游客 6.28万人，同比下降13.37%，门票收入304.44 万元，同比下降12.64%；宏村接待游客10.84 万人，同比下降8.19%，门票收入701.95 万元，同比下降15.48%。二、主要特点亮点一是长线游客稳步增长。随着季节转换，气温日渐舒适，加上假期时间较长，比较适宜旅行。许多年轻人带着父母、孩子出来放松心情，畅快出游。今年我县重点围绕京福

30、高铁及延伸线沿线市场以及高速、航空市场展开秋季产1.Last summer I took a course on _.A.how to make dresses B.how dresses be made C.how to be made dresses D.how dresses to be made课堂练兵第21页/共40页2.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects3.There are five pai

31、rs_,but I am at a loss which to buy.A to be chosen B to choose from C to choose D for choosing第22页/共40页4.I find these problems are easy _.A.to be worked out B.to work them out C.to work out D.to be worked them out5._ late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having

32、 slept第23页/共40页6.I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.having gone C.going D.to have gone7.John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment.A.to wash B.washing C.wash D.to be washing第24页/共40页8.Tom kept quiet about the accident lose his

33、job.A.so not as to B.so as not to C.so as to not D.not so as to9.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating第25页/共40页1._ this cake,youll need 2 eggs,1._ this cake,youll need 2 eggs,175g sugar and 175g flour.(2006 175g sugar and 175g flou

34、r.(2006 广广广广东卷东卷东卷东卷)A.Having made A.Having made B.Make B.Make C.To make C.To make D.Making D.Making第26页/共40页2.Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)_ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.(2007 重庆卷)A.is said to be buying B.is said to have bought C.had said to buy D.has said t

35、o have bought第27页/共40页3.I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good _.(2008 全国卷)A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed第28页/共40页4.Did the book give the information you needed?Yes.But _ it,I had to read the entire book.(2008 北京卷)A.to find B.find C.to finding D

36、.finding第29页/共40页5.David threatened _ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid.(2009 上海卷)A.to be reported B.reporting C.to report D.having reported第30页/共40页6.With the world changing fast,we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day.(2009 重庆卷)A.deal B.dealt C.to deal D.deali

37、ng第31页/共40页7.The children all turned _ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.(2009 全国卷I)A.looked at B.to look at C.to looking at D.look at第32页/共40页8.With Fathers Day around the corner,I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad.(2010 全国I卷)A.buy B.to buy C.buying D.to have

38、 bought第33页/共40页9.There were many talented actors out there just waiting _.(2010 江西卷)A.to discover B.to be discovered C.discovered D.being discovered第34页/共40页10.We were astonished _ the temple still in its original condition.(2010 辽宁卷)A.finding B.to find C.find D.to be found第35页/共40页11.I have a lot

39、of readings _ before the end of this term.(2010 山东卷)A.completing B.to complete C.completed D.being completed第36页/共40页12.In many peoples opinion,that company,though relatively small,is pleasant _.(2010 四川卷)A.to deal with B.dealing with C.to be dealt with D.dealt with第37页/共40页1 爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。_ are both

40、great happiness.2 据说他已经完成了他的工作。He is said _.3 根据报道他们已安全到达。They are reported _.To love and to be lovedto have finished/completedhis work翻译下面的句子。to have arrived safely第38页/共40页4 我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。I want this bike _.5 玛利仿佛已经被告知此事了。Mary seemed _.6 众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚 金牌。He is known _ a gold medal at the Olympics.to be repaired at onceto have been told about itto have been given/immediately第39页/共40页感谢您的观看。第40页/共40页