新视野大学英语第三版第一册课后翻译原文与答案.pdf

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1、新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案新视野大学第三版bookl英语课后翻译原文及答案Unitl原 文：基 Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who is credited withlaying the fundamentals()础 through theknown chieflyaccountsof modern Western philosophy.He isa mysteriousfigureof hismost famous student Plato.Socratesoflaterclassicalwriters,especial

2、lythe writingshas become well known for his contribution to the field of ethics.Hismethod of teaching,known as the SocraticMethod,by askingand answering questions tostimulatecriticalthinkingand to explain ideas remains a commonly used tool in a wide range ofdiscussions.He also认 识 论)and logic,made im

3、portant and lasting contributions to the fieldof epistemology(a strongfoundationforWestern philosophyinfluenceand theofhis ideasand approach remainsthat followed.Socrates was the most colorful figure in the history ofancient philosophy.His fame was widespread in his own time,and his name soon became

4、 ahousehold word although宗 派).he constructed no philosophical system,established no school,and founded no sect(翻 译：苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物，人们主要通过后来的一些古典作家的叙述，尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法，即通过提问和回答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域做出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直

5、是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾设立什么 学 派，也未曾创立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。原文：孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教 育 家，是 儒 家 学 派(Confucianism)的创始人，被尊称为古代的)。圣 人(sageThe Analects)一书 中。论 语 是中国古代文化的经典著作，(他的言论 和 生 平 活 动 记 录 在 论语对后来历代的思想家、文 学 家、政治家产生了很大影响。不 研 究 论 语 ，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对

6、中国社会产生了深远的影响。在2 1世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。翻译:wasagreatthinkerand educatorConfuciusinChinesehistory.He wasthefounder ofConfucianism and was respectfullyreferredtoas anancientsage.Hiswordsand life storywere recorded in The Analects.An enduring classic of ancient Chineseculture,The Anale

7、ctshas had a greatinfluenceon thethinkers,writers,and statesmenthatcame afterConfucius.the thousands-of-yearshardlytrulybook,one couldWithoutstudyingthisunderstandhisthoughttraditionalon education,especiallyChinese culture.Much ofConfuciusthought,has had a profound influence on Chinese society.In th

8、e 21st century,Confucian thought notonly retainstheattention ofthe Chinese,but italsowinsan increasingattentionfrom theinternational community.Unit 2原文：新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案1曾程制作新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案Christmas is a widely observed cultural holiday,celebrated on December25 by millions纪 念）the birth of Jesu

9、s Christ.The festivalof people around the world.Itcommemorates（非 dated from as early as 336 AD.Gradually it evolved into a religious aswell as secular（宗教的）celebration,celebrated by an increasing number ofnon-Christians.Today Christmasis observed as an important festival and public holiday around the

10、 world.Christmas customsdiffer in different countries.Popular modern customs of the holidayinclude an exchange ofChristmas cards and gifts,Christmas singing,church attendance,thedisplay of variousChristmasdecorationsand trees,familygatherings,and a specialmealpreparation.To smallLegend（传 说）has it th

11、atand surprise.is fullthe festivalchildren,offantasySanta Clausgiftsto well-behavedwill enterchildreneach house throughthe chimneyand bringon ChristmasEve.Because gift-giving and many other aspects of the Christmasfestival heighten economicactivityamong bothChristiansand non-Christians,the holidayha

12、salsobecome a significantevent and a key sales period for businesses.翻译：12月2 5 日庆祝这一节日。它是圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日，全世界有许许多多的人在年。渐渐地，这一节日演变为一个既是宗为了纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早可追溯到公元336教又是非宗教的节日，越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。如今，圣诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各不相同。现代流行的圣诞节风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教堂活动、摆放各种圣诞装饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。

13、对小孩子们来说，这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说，圣诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家，给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼物。由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒和非基督徒的经济活动，圣诞节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动和主要销售季。原文：每 年 农 历(Chinese lunar calendar)八 月 十 五 是 我 国 的 传 统节 日-中 秋 节(the Mid-Autumn Festival)。这时是一年秋季的中期，所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一项重要活动是赏月。夜晚，人们赏明月、吃月饼，共庆中秋佳节。中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之情。中秋节的习

14、俗很多，都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。自2008年起，中秋节成为中国的法定节假日翻译：According to the Chinese lunar calendar,August 15 of every year is atraditional Chinese-the Mid-Autumn Festival.This day is the middle of autumn,so it iscalledfestivalMid-Autumn.One of the importantistoenjoytheMid-AutumnFestivalactivitiesmoon.On thatpeop

15、le gathertogether tonight,celebratethe Mid-AutumnFestival,lookingup atthebrightmoon and eating moon cakes.The festival is also a time for familyreunion.People livingfar away from home will express their feelings of missing theirhometowns and families atthis festival.Therearemany customstocelebrateth

16、efestival,allexpressingpeoplesloveand hope fora happy life.2008,thehas become an officialMid-AutumnFestivalSincenationalholiday in China.Unit3原文：（交通运输系统）systemin the Uniteda rapidhe LondonUndergroundistransitKingdom,servinga large part of Greater London.The underground system is also knownas the Tub

17、e,due to thecharacteristic shape of the subway tunnels.It all started in the mid-1800s.The Tube was2新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案曾程制作新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案the worlds first underground train system,with the first section openingin 1863.Since)of 12 lines,275 stations,and over 杰作 then it has grown to anunderground

18、masterpiece(250 miles of rail track,45%of which is underground.It is the fourthlargest metro systemin the world in terms of route miles.It also has one of the largestnumbers of stations.As an affordable and easy way to get around London,the Tube remainsthe first choice formillions of commuters each

19、day,as well as tourists visiting the city onholidays.The Tubehas been an international icon for London.The London Undergroundcelebrated its 150 years里程碑).of operation in 2013,with various events marking the milestone(翻译：伦敦地铁是英国的一个快速交通运输系统，服务于大伦敦的大部分地区。地铁系统因其地铁隧道的典1 9 世纪中期，是世界上最早的地下铁路系统。它的第一型形状也被称为地下

20、管道。伦敦地铁始建于1 2 条线路、275个车站、段 地 铁 于 1863年开始运营。自此，伦敦地铁不断延伸，发展成为一个包括250英里的地铁杰作，其中有45%在地下运行。就路线长度而言，它是世界上第四大地铁轨总长超过铁系统，也是车站数量最多的地铁系统之一。作为一个走遍伦敦的经济便捷的途径，伦敦地铁一向是每天数百万通勤者以及在节假日游历伦敦的游客的首选。伦敦地铁已成为伦敦的一个国际标志。2013150周年，纪念这一里程碑。年伦敦举办了各种各样的活动，庆祝地铁运营原文：1956年。几十年来，中国航天事业创造了一个又一个奇迹。1970年,中国成功发中国航天业开创于1992年，中射了第一颗人造地球卫

21、星，成为世界上第五个独立自主研制和发射人造地球卫星的国家。）。2 0 0 3神舟五号年，中国成功发射了国开始实施载人航天飞行工程（manned spaceflight program载人飞船，使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。年发射了 嫦娥一号，即第一颗绕月球飞2007）的人造卫星。2013年，第五艘载人飞船神舟十号行（lunar-orbiting发射成功，为中国空间站的建设打下了基础。翻译：Chinas space industry was launched in 1956.Over the past decades,Chinas space industryhas created one

22、 miracle after another.In 1970 China launched its firstman-made earthsatellite,ranking China the fifth country in the world to independentlydevelop and launchman-made earth satellites.In 1992 China began to carry out the mannedspaceflight program.Shenzhou-5,a manned spaceship.In 2003 China launched

23、Thesuccessfullaunch made China theChange-1,the first lunar-orbitingthird country to launch mannedspaceships.In 2007manned spaceship,man-made satellite,was sentwas,thefifthto space.In 2013 Shenzhou-10launched successfully,laying the foundation for building the ChineseSpace Station.Unit 4原文:As one of

24、the firstEuropeans to travel acrossAsia through China,MarcoPolo is perhapsthemost well-known foreign merchant and voyager to the Chinese people.He traveled extensively（广泛地）with his family,journeying from Europe to Asia from 1271 to1295.He remained inThe Travels of Marco Polodepicts his journeysChina

25、 for 17 of thoseyears.His bookincludinggiving Europeans theirthroughout Asia,comprehensivelookfirstinto theFar East,China,India,and Japan.From his writtenaccountstheWesternerscoalJearnedof porcelain,gunpowder,printing,papermoney,and silk for the first time.The wealth of new geographicinformation rec

26、orded by Polo was widely used in the late 15th and the 16thcenturies during新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案3 曾程制作新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案the age of the European voyages of discoveryand conquest（征月艮）.In the centuries since histhat failedto come his way duringMarco Polo has receivedthe recognitionhis lifetime.death,Mar

27、co Polos story has inspired countless other adventurers to set offand see the world.翻译：作为通过中国游历亚洲的首批欧洲人之一，马可?波罗可能是中国人最熟知的外国商人和航海家。从1 7年。他 的1271年 到1295年，他和他的家人游历广泛，遍及欧洲和亚洲。期间，他在中国留居了著 作 马 可？波罗游记描述了他游历亚洲的旅程，让欧洲人首次全面领略了包括中国、印度和日本在内的远东地区的情况。从他的文字叙述中，西方人第一次了解到瓷器、煤炭、火药、印刷术、纸币以及丝绸。在1 5世 纪 末 和1 6世纪欧洲发现与征服的大

28、航海时代，马可?波罗所记录的大量新的地理信息得到了广泛使用。在他去世后的这几个世纪里，马可？波罗获得了他在有生之年未曾获得的赞誉。马波罗的故事鼓舞了其他无数的探险者去踏上征程，发现世界。可？原文：)。公 元1405年，明朝的统治者为了稳郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家(maritime explorerWestern Seas)o在此后的2 8年里，固边防(border defense)和开展海上贸易，派郑和下西洋(the10 3 0多个国家和地区。船队纵横南亚、多万人，访问了郑和带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员有西亚，一直到非洲大陆。郑和下西洋是世界航海()史上的壮举，它展现了郑和卓越的航na

29、vigationand prestige),加强了明朝和海海和组织才能，同时展现了明朝的国力和国威(strengthnational外各国之间的关系。翻译：Zheng He was the most famous maritimeexplorerin Chinesehistory.In1405AD,the rulerborderof the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyagetotheWesternSeas inorder to strengthendefense and develop trade by sea.In the following 28

30、 years,Zheng Heled his fleet,madeseven voyages to the Western Seas with over 100,000 crew members intotal,and visited morethan 30 countries and regions.The fleettraveled far into SouthAsia and West Asia,and madeall the way to the continent of Africa.Zheng Hes voyages to the WesternSeas were a greatf

31、eat in the worlds navigation history.It showed Zheng Hes outstandingnavigation andorganizationtalents;meanwhile,itexhibitedthe nationalstrengthandprestigeofthe MingthetherelationshipsoverseasandstrengthenedDynasty,betweentheMingDynasty andcountries.Unit 5原文：The first written records of the ancient O

32、lympic Games date to 776 BC.The ancient Olympicswere held every four years between August 6 and September 19 duringa religious festivalhonoring Zeus（宙 斯）.The first modern Olympics were held inAthens,Greece,in 1896.TheOlympicsymbol consistsof fiveinterlacedrings of equal dimensions,representingthe un

33、ionof the five continents and the meeting of athletes from throughout theworld at the OlympicGames.The Olympics truly took off as an international sporting eventafter 1924,when the8th Olympic Games were heldinParis.Some 3,000 athletesfrom 44nations competed that year,and for the first time the Games

34、 featured a closing ceremony.The WinterOlympics debuted（问 世）that year,including such events as figure skating,ice hockey,bobsledding and thebiathlon.Eighty yearslater,when the 2004 SummerOlympicsreturnedto Athensforthe first time in more than a century,nearly11,000 athletes from 201 countries compet

35、ed,breakingthe then record of participating countries.新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案4曾程制作新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案翻译：有关古代奥林匹克运动会的最早文字记载可追溯至公元前776年。古代奥运会每4 年举办一次，在 8月 6 日与9 月 1 9 日之间的一个纪念宙斯的宗教节日期间举行。第一届现代奥运会于1896年在希腊雅典举办。奥运会的标志由五个大小相同的套环组成，代表着五大洲的联合和来自世界各地运动员的大聚会。奥运会真正腾飞、成为一项国际体育盛会是在1924年之后，即第8 届奥运会在巴黎举办之后。这一年，来 自 4

36、4 个国家约3,0 0 0 名运动员同场竞技，并且第一次在奥运会上增加了闭幕式这一仪式。同年，冬季奥运会首次亮相，比赛项目包括花样滑冰、冰球、雪橇和冬季两项运动。8 0 年后，2004年夏季奥运会在相隔一个多世纪后再次在雅典举办，来 自 201个国家的近11,000名运动员展开竞技，创下参赛国数量之最。原文：太极拳(Tai Chi)是一种武术(martial arts)项目，也是一种健身运动，在中国有着悠久的历史。太极拳动作缓慢而柔和，适合任何年龄、性别、体型的人练习。太极拳既可防身，又能强身健体，因而深受中国人的喜爱。太极拳在发展的过程中，借鉴并吸收了中国传统哲学、医术、武术的合理内容(el

37、ement)，成为特色鲜明的一项运动。作为中国特有的一种运动形式,太极拳也越来越受到众多外国朋友的喜爱。翻译：Tai Chi is a kind of martial arts,and a fitness exercise as well.It has along history in China.With slow and gentle movements,Tai Chi is suitable for people of anyage,sex,or body typeto practice.It can be used to provide self-defense as well as

38、build thebody.Therefore,it hasbecome very popular among Chinese people.During its development,Tai Chiborrowed and absorbed desirable elements from traditional Chinesephilosophy,medicine,and martial arts,and it has developed into a sport with unique features.As a unique sportinChina,Tai Chi is also g

39、aining increasing popularity among many foreignfriends.Unit6原文：Gap year(间隔年)refers to a period of tim e-not necessarily a year in which studentstake time off and do something other than schooling,such as travel orwork.The year outis most commonly taken after high school and before going to universit

40、y.During this time,undertake(承 担)a working holidayabroad.a studentmighttravel,engage in volunteerwork orA new trendistoparticipateeducationin internationalprogramsthatcombinelanguage study,home stays,cultural exchange,community service,and independentstudy.The practice oftaking a year out developed

41、in the United Kingdom in the 1960s.It hasgrown very popularamong studentsin the UK,Australia,New Zealand,and Canada.IntheUnited States,however,例 外).But in recent years,takingthe practice of taking a year offremains the exception(a year out has become slightly more common for Americans.Some40,000 Ame

42、rican studentsparticipatedin2013 ingap year programs,an increaseof almost20%since2006.UniversitiesHarvarduniversity,Massachusettslnstitutesuch as PrincetonUniversity,ofTechnology have延 期)admission.formal policies allowing students to defer(翻 译：间隔年指的是学生休假不去上学而去旅游或工作等的一段时间，但不一定是一年。间隔年通常选在高中毕业和进入大学之前的一

43、段时间。在这段时间里，学生可以旅游、参加志愿者工作或者在国外边打新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案5曾程制作新视野大学第三版英语课后翻译原文及答案工边度假。一种新潮流是参加集语言学习、住家、文化交流、社区服务和自主学习于一体的国际教育活动。间隔年的做法于2 0世 纪6 0年代兴起于英国。它在英国、澳大利亚、新西兰和加拿大已经变得非常流行。但是在美国，间隔年的做法仍然只是个别现象。不过近年来，间隔年对美国人来说变得稍微普遍起来。2013年有大约四万美国学生参加了间隔年活动，比2006年增加了近20%o普林斯顿大学、哈佛大学、麻省理工学院等大学都有明文规定允许学生延迟入学。原文：改革开放以来，

44、中国的教育事业得到了快速发展，取得了引人瞩目的成就。中国政府把教育摆在优先发展的地位，坚持科教兴国(revitalize the country),全面提倡素质教育(quality-oriented education)。同时，积极推进教育公平，保障人人有受教育的机会。中国的教育成就反映在两个不同的层面：一个是全面普及了九年义务教育(nine-yearcompulsoryeducation),另一个是实现了高等mass higher education教育大众化()。教育的发展为中国的经济发展和社会进步作出了重大贡献。近 年 来，为适应社会、经济发展的需要，中国政府不断加快培养各领域的急需人才

45、。翻 译：Since its economic reform and opening-up to the world,Chinaseducation has gone throughrapiddevelopmentand made remarkableachievements.TheChinesegovernment givestop priorityto thedevelopmentofeducation,persistsinrevitalizingthe countrybyscience and education,promotesequalityquality-orientededuca

46、tion.Meanwhile,itactivelyadvocatesand fullyineducation to guarantee everyone access to education.Chinasachievements in education canbe reflected in two different layers:One is the popularization of thenine-year compulsoryThe developmentofthe realizationofmass highereducation.educationeducation;theot

47、herishas made significant contributions to Chinas economic developmentand social progress.Inrecentyears,to satisfythe needs ofsocialand economic development,theChinesegovernmenthas sped up the training of qualified personnel urgently needed invarious fields.Unit 7原 文：The beliefin the freedom of thei

48、ndividualisprobablythemostbasicand most stronglyheldof all American beliefs.The most important thing to understandAmericans is probably theirdevotion（深 爱）to individualism.They have been trained since veryearly in their livesto consider themselves as separate individuals who are responsible fortheir

49、own situationsin life and their own destiny.Americans view themselves as highlyindividualistic in theirany homogeneous（由 ofbeing thoughtofas representativesandactions.thoughtsThey resist同类组成的）group.When they do join groups,they believe they arespecial,just a littledifferentfromothermembers ofthesame

50、 group.Closelyassociatedwiththevaluethey placeon individualism is the importance Americans assign privacy.Americansassume peopleeedsome time to themselves or some time alone to think about things orrecover their spentpsychological energy.Americans have great difficulty understandingforeigners who al