考研必备词组(734个).pdf

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1、考研必备词组（734个）1.abide b y忠于；遵 守（法律、承诺）同义替换：be faithful to,obeyabide原始涵义：Vt.忍受；屈从于I am unwilling to abide the decision of the court.我不愿意服从法庭的裁决。vi.等候；继续下去，继续存在 T hough many features were abiding,the changes were much felt.尽管许多特征依然存在，仍可感到发生了各种变化。真题重现：Californians and N ew Englanders speak the same langu

2、age and abide by the same federal laws.加利福尼亚人和新英格兰人讲同一种语言，并遵守同样的联邦法律。（1992年完形）造句：I abide byobeyam faithful to what I said.我遵守诺言。2.be absent from.缺席，不在，没到场、没参加同义替换：defaultabsent原始涵义：adj.缺席的，不在场的At times he would be absent for a couple of days.他有时会离开儿天。心不在焉的，恍惚的 He listened with an absent air and kept

3、 glancing at the door.他一副心不在焉的样子听着，不时地瞥一眼门。Vi缺席，不在造句：I will be absent from work tomorrow.我明天不上班3.absence of mind 心不在焉同义替换：being absent-mindedabsence原始涵义：n.缺席，不在 I want t。ask fT leave of absence for several days.我想请几天假。缺乏，不存在 In the absence of anybody more experienced,I took com mand.由于找不到其他更有经验的人，只好

4、由我来指挥。造句：Frequently absence of mind in the class made him fail in the exam.经常在课上心不在焉使他考试不及格。4.be absorbed in 全神贯注于同义替换：be engrossed in;be lost in;be rapt in;be concentrated on;be focused on;be centered onabsorb原始涵义：v t.吸收 A sponge absorbs water.海绵吸水；吸引的注意力，使全神贯注;占去（注意力、时间等）T he game absorbed the boy

5、 completely.这男孩完全被游戏吸引住了。造句：Mary was absorbed in thought.玛丽在沉思。5.（be）abundant in 富于，富有同义替换：be rich in;be well supplied withabundant原始涵义：adj.大量的，充足的 Children under five have abundant energy partly because they take one ortwo naps daily.五岁以下的孩子精力充沛，部分原因在于他们每天打一两次盹。造句：T here is a river abundant in fish

6、 in my hometown.在我的家乡有一条盛产鱼的河流。6.access（to）同义替换：entryaccess原始涵义：n.（不可数名词）能接近，进入，了解 We have free access to the librarys scientific literature.我们有免费使用图书馆科学文献的机会。真题重现：“Knowledge is power”may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the mostcritical requirement of all people.“知识就是力量”可能

7、是最有哲理的一句谚语了，获取信息则可能是人类需具备的最必要的条件。（1995阅读）7.by accident偶然地，意外同义替换：by chance,accidentallyaccident原始涵义：n.意外遭遇，事 故 He witnessed the accidento他亲眼看见那个意外事故。造句：We met by accident at the airport.我们偶然在机场相遇了。8.of ones own accord 自愿地，主动地同义替换：without being asked;willingly;freelyaccord原始涵义：n.一致，符合 They came to an

8、 accord that profits should be shared equally.他们达成协议，收益由大家均分。v t.给予，赠予，授 予（权力、地位、某种待遇）We accorded the boy due praise.我们给了孩子适当的表扬。v i.符合，一致Most of my dassmates accord in that opinion.我们班大多数同学都是那个意见。造句：The next day he spoke to her of his own accord,and his manner wassomewhat changed.第二天他主动和她说话了，而且态度有所

9、改变。9.in accord with 与一致同义替换：in accordance withaccord原始涵义：见单词8。造句：Most people are in accord with their desire for peace.在渴望和平这一点上，大多数人都是一致的。10.with one accord 一致地同义替换：with everybody agreeingAccord原始涵义：见单词8。造句：They praised Tom with one accord.他们异口同声地表扬汤姆。11.in accordance with 依照，根据同义替换：in agreement wi

10、thaccordance原始涵义：n.一致,和谐，符 合He acted in accordance with his beliefs.他按照自己的信念行事。造句：The rights of children are protected in accordance with the law.儿童的权利根据法律得到保护。12.on ones own account为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益同义替换：for ones own interestAccount原始涵义：n.账，账户 T he sum of money has been transferred into my account.那

11、笔钱已转至I 我账上。v i.说明原因（或理由），提出理由；是的原因；做出说明（或曲释），解释（for）His illness accounts forhis absence.他因为丕病，所以才缺席。v t.以 为,认 为,把看做，把.视作 We all account him a qualified teacher.我们都认为他是一名合格的教师。造句：Everything he does is on his own account.他做的每件事都为自己的利益打算。13.take.into account 把考虑进去同义替换：considerAccount原始涵义：见单词120造句：Our s

12、trategy must take into account the possibility that our guesses are wrong.在制定战略方针时，我们必须考虑到我们的猜测有可能是错误的。14.give sb.an account of 说明，解 释（理由）同义替换：explainAccount原始涵义：见单词120造句：In describing an object we can give an account of its shape,size,color and function.描写一个静物时应说明物体的外形、大小、色彩以及功能。15.account for 解释，说

13、明同义替换：give an explanation or reason forAccount原始涵义：见单词12o真题重现：What might account for this strange phenomenon?造成这一奇怪现象的可能原因是什么？（2007阅读）造句：Lack of money accounts for her discontinuing her studies.缺钱是她辍学的原因。16.on account of 由于,因为.同义替换：because ofAccount原始涵义：见单词12o造句：The drilling was delayed on account o

14、f the bad weather.由于天气不好，训练推迟了。亿 on no account绝不要，无论如何不要（放句首时句子要倒装）同义替换：in no case,for no reasonAccount原始涵义：见单词120造句：On no account should you leave the door unlocked.你无论如何也不应该不锁门。18.accuse.of指控，控告同义替换：charge.with;blame sb.for sth.;blame sth.on sb.;complain aboutAccuse原始涵义：v t.指责，谴责；控告We accused him

15、of taking bribes.我们控告他受贿。19.be accustomed to 习惯于同义替换：be in the habit of,be used toaccustom原始涵义：vt.（使）习惯于 It takes a moment for her eyes to grow accustomed to the dark.她花了片刻的时间使双眼习惯这种黑暗。造句：I am accustomed to working inside the room of noise and excitement.我习惯于在喧闹的房间里工作。20.be acquainted with 了解；熟悉同义替换

16、：to have knowledge of 了解；to have met socially 熟悉acquaint原始涵义：vt.使熟悉，使了解 This book acquaints the students with the ancient cultures of Europe.这本书帮助学生了解欧洲的古代文化。通知，告知Acquaint him with your pEns.把你的计划告知他。真题重现：Ms.Green has been living in town for only one year,yet she seems to be acquainted with everyone

17、who comes to the store.虽然在这个镇上只住了 一年，然而格林小姐似乎认识来店里的每一个人。（1996词汇）造句：I was first acquainted with him on board a whale vessel.当初，我是在一艘捕鲸船上同他结识的。21.act o n奉行，按照行动同义替换：be according toa c t原始涵义：vt.&v i.做，做事，行事；行动，采取行动 The time for thinking is past,we must now act.思考的时间过去了，我们现在必须行动。表演，举动像;装出，假装，做 作Oliver i

18、s acting tonight.奥利弗今晚演出。n.行为，行 动My first act was to run into the waiting room.我的第一个行动就是跑进客厅。真题重现：Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people dependslargely on the economic strength and wealth of the commuEty.世界各国政府都按照这样一个假设行事：人民的福利在很大程度上取决于经济实力和社会财富。（2000

19、翻译）造句：The police are acting on the information received.警方正根据获得的情报采取行动。22.adapt oneself to使自己适应于同义替换：adjust oneself toadapt原始涵义：vt.&vi.（使）适应，（使）适合She knew how to adapt herself.她懂得如何适应环境。vt.改编，改写Many of Dickens books have been adapted as films.狄更斯的许多书都已改编成电影。改变.以适合（for）Many city vehicles have been ad

20、apted for use as school buses.许多城市车辆已改为校车。vi.适应于，适应不同情况（或环境）（to）She has not yet adapted to the climate.她还没适应气候。造句：You should adapt yourself to the new environment.你应该适应新环境。23.adapt（for）改编，改写（以适应新的需要）同义替换：make sth.Suitable for a new needadapt原始涵义：见单词22 o造句：The author is going to adapt his play for te

21、levision.作者将把他的剧本改编成电视剧。24.in addition此夕卜,又,加之同义替换：besidesaddition原始涵义：n.加;加法That is a simple addition.那是简单的加法。增加的人或事物Theyve just had an addition to the family.他们家里刚刚添了一 口人。造句：In addition,reference is made to the novel techniques.此外，还介绍了一些新的方法。25.in addition to 除.外同义替换：as well as,besides,other thana

22、ddition原始涵义：见单词24o造句：In addition to English,he has to study a second foreign language.除英语外，他还要学第二外语。26.adhere t o 粘附；坚持，遵循同义替换：abide by,conform,to,comply with,cling to,insist on,pe rsist in,observe,opinion,beliefadhere原始涵义：vi.黏附，附着 The two surfaces adhered,and we couldnt get them apart.这两个表面粘着，我们无法将

23、它们分开。坚持，支持 He resolutely adhered to what he had said at the meeting.他坚持他在会上所说的话。27.adjacent毗邻的，临近的同义替换：next to,close toadjacent原始涵义：adj.与毗连的；邻近的We work in adjacent rooms.我们在毗邻的房间里工作。28.adjust.（to）调节；适应；同义替换：change slightlyadjust原始涵义：vt.&vi.（改变以）适应；调整;校正The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。造句：The

24、bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years,andmanagers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger,longer frames.经过了若干年，从事职业运动的人的身体发生了显著的变化，而经纪人更乐于调整团队的制服以适应他们日益变大、变长的骨架。29.admit o f的可能，留有的余地.同义替换：be capable of,leave

25、 room foradmit原始涵义：vt.&vi.许可进入This ticket admits two persons.这张票可让两人进场。承认，供 认 She admitted having done wrong.她承认自己做错了。vt.允许，让.得至【，让.享有 He was admitted into their fullest confidence.他获得了他们的充分信任。vi.（门）开向，通往（地）（to）The gate admits to the yard.这道门通向院子。容许，容许有，容得；留有余地，给予机会（of）The regulations admit of n。exc

26、eption.规章不容破例。造句：His statement admits of one interpretation only.他的话只有一种解释。30.in advance 预告，事先同义替换：before in timeadvance原始涵义：vt.&vi.（使）前进，（使）发展；促进 I signed to him to keep away,but he continued to advance.我示意他离开，但他还是继续往前走。提高，提升Prices are advancing洛种物价都在上涨。vt.提出 He advanced many reasonable proposals.他

27、提出 了许多合理化建议。提前 They advanced the time of the meeting.他们把会议时间提前了。预付，贷（款项等）1 advanced 200 pounds more on these books.这些书我乂多预付了 200英镑。把（钟、表等）拨快Clocks must be advanced one hour.钟表必须拨快一小时。（尤指凭抵押品）贷（款）；借（钱）The banks often advance money to farmers for seed and fertilizer.银行通常贷款给农民购买种子和化肥。n.前进,发展，改进，进步 Noth

28、ing could stop the advance of the soldiers.什么也无法阻挡战士们的前进步伐。增长，提高 There has been no advance in the price of rice for many years.许多年来米价一直没有上涨。借款，预付款，贷款 The factory gave me an advance so that I could get my necessities.T P 先付钱给我，便于我买一些必需品。adj.预先的，在前的We sent out an advance party of soldiers.我们派出一支先头部队。预

29、先做好的；预先供给的 They have got advance information of the storms approach.他们事前已得到将有暴风雨的消息。vi.（在锦标赛中）获胜后进入下一轮比赛He advanced into the second round.他获胜进入第二轮比赛。造句：Its a very popular play,and it would be wise to book seats well in advance.这是部很受欢迎的戏剧，提前定好座位是明智的。31.to advantage有利的，使优点更加突出地.advantage原始涵义：n.有 禾 I 条

30、件，有利因素，优势 Her Olimpic experience gave her a big advantage over the othercontestants for the final victory.她的奥运会参赛经历使她比起其他竞技对手在争取最后获胜上具有很大的优势。益处，利益There are advantages to not having servants.不用仆人有不用仆人的优越性。vt.有利于，有益于，有助于；促进，推动；使处于有利地位It would advantage you to work hard.努力工作对你会有益。造句：Hang the picture so

31、mewhere where it will show up to advantage.把这幅画挂在便于它显示较好效果的地方。32.have an advantage over 胜过.have the advantage o f 由于.处于有利条件have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事advantage原始涵义：见单词31 o造句：A man who can think will always have an advantage over others.能动脑子的人总是会胜过别人。However,it also doesnt have the advantage

32、of the weather-controlled climate.但是，它也没有恒温控制气候的优点。”You have the advantage of me there.在那一点上，你比我强。33.take advantage of 利用.同义替换：make the best of,utilize,make use of,profit from,harnessadvantage原始涵义：见单词31 o造句：If you are working on a word processor,you can take advantage of its capacity to make additio

33、nsand deletions as well as move entire paragraphs by making just a few simple keyboardcommands.如果你正借助文字处理器进行工作，只需通过几个简单的键盘指令，你就可以利用它来进行删加或移动整段文字。34.agree w ith赞同（某人意见）agree to 同意agree原始涵义：vt.&vi.同意，赞同 I asked him to come with me and he agreed.我请他和我一起来，他同意了。vi.相同，相符，一致 T he essential thing is that th

34、e two of you ought to agree.根本的问题是你们俩应意见一致。适宜，相和T hese two shades do not agree.这两种色调不协调。达成协议，商 定(about,on,upon)T hey have agreed on the terms of surrender.他们就投降条件达成了协议。表示愿意，应允，答应I agree to leave at once.我答应即刻离开。真题重现：If any man here does not agree with me,he should put forward his own plan for improv

35、ing the livingconditions of these people.如果任何人不同意我的观点，他应该提出自己的关于提高这些人生活水平的计划。(1994词汇)造句：I agree with you to some degree.在某种程度上我与你意见一致。T hey agree to the plan in principle.他们原则上同意这个计划。35.in agreement(with)同意,一致同义替换：in favor ofagreement原始涵义：n.协定，协议，契约A signed agreement is not susceptible of change.已签署

36、的协议不可再改动。达成协议 It took three years for the two countries to hammer out an agreement.两国花了 3 年的时间经过反复讨论才达成协议。同意His silence implied agreement.他的沉默意味着同意。造句：We are in agreement with their decision.我们同意他们的决定。36.ahead o f 在之前,超过ahead of time 提前.ahead原始涵义：adv.在(某人或某事物的)前面T he road forks further ahead.路在前面分岔。

37、造句：Bush remains ahead of Gore among likely voters.布什在可能的投票者中仍领先戈尔Food is prepared ahead of time so that no cooking needs to be done during the festival.食物被提前准备好了，因此节日期间就不必做任何烹饪了。37.in the air不肯定，不具体；在谣传中air原始涵义：n.天空，大气，空气；气氛We breathe air.我们呼吸空气。There was an air of excitement at the meeting.会议上气氛激昂。

38、空中Many birds are flying in the air.许多鸟儿在空中飞翔。样子，神态,姿态They were displeased with her haughty airs.他们讨厌她高傲的派头。vt.&vi.晾晒，烘干 The straw mattresses are airing there.草垫子正在那里晾着。播送，广播The program airs daily.本节目每天广播。vt.使房间通风，透气We air the room by opening the windows.我们打开窗子让屋子通风。造句：The scandal about him has been

39、in the air for a long time.有关他的那个丑闻已流传很久了。38.above all尤其是,最重要的.同义替换：especially,most important of allabove原始涵义：prep.（表示位置）在.正上方 The aeroplane was flying a few feet above the sea.飞机正在距海面儿英尺的低空飞行。（表示方向）在的另一侧；在往北The water is smoother above the dam.坝的另-边水面平静些。（表示比较）优于，胜于；较.更为；高出 Because of her beauty,she

40、 has managed to marry aboveher.由于貌美，她得以嫁给一个地位比她高的人。超过，超越；为所不及 You cant expect to succeed if you attempt tasks above your abiHty.如果你要做能力达不到的事，就别指望成功。（表示等级）在.之上，高于A lieutenant colonel ranks above a major.陆军中校比少校级别高。（表示否定）不受的影响；不至于He is above meanness and decet他不至于搞卑鄙和欺骗行为。（表示数目）超过，超出 Above two hundred

41、 people attended the meeting.二百多人出席了会议。adv.在上面My room is just above.我的房间就在楼上。以上This is a military meeting for captains and above.这是一个由上尉及上尉以上军官参加的军事会议。上述 As is stated above,this principle applies to all cases.如前文所讲，这一原则适合所有案例。真题重现：Among the many shaping factors,I would single out the countrys excell

42、ent elementary schools:and above all the American genius for nonverbal,“patial“thinking about things technological.在诸多形成因素中，我要特别提到的是美国优良的小学教育；尤其是，美国人在思考技术问题时所表现出来的一种非语言的“立体”思维天赋。（1996阅读）造句：Above all,the person in charge was on the spot.特别是，负责人在场的。39.in a ll总共，总计同义替换：counting everyone or everything,a

43、ltogether造句：There are fifteen books on the first shelf,twenty-one on the second,that makes thirty-six in all.书架的第一层有15本书，第二层有21本，总共是36本。40.after a ll毕竟，到底(not)at all 一点也不all at once 突然once and for all 只 止 匕 一 次first of all 首先all in a ll大体上说be all in 累极了all b u t儿乎造句：Dont get discouraged by setbacks,

44、we are new to the work after all.别因挫折而灰心，这工作对我们来说毕竟还是陌生的Hes not at all tired.他一点也不累。I felt afraid all at once.我突然间感到害怕。He will explain it fully once and for all.他将把它充分地解释一次就此了结。First of all,you should know what profession suits you.首先，你该知道什么职业适合你。All in all,it has been a great success.总的来说，非常成功。She

45、is all in.她累得要死She all but fainted when she heard the news.听到那消息，她差点晕过去。41.allow fo r考虑到,估计到同义替换：take into consideration,take into accountallow原始涵义：vt.允许，许可（做某事）1 dont think he would allow让.我想他不会允许的。给予，让.得到 T he court allowed a sum of money to each child for clothing.法院判给每个孩子一笔服装费。承认，认为T he referee

46、refused to allow the goal.裁判不承认这次进球。听凭，听任Jack had allowed himself to become fat.杰克听任自己发胖。vi.容许某事发生（或存在）；容许（常与of连用）a premise that allow of only one conclusion假设容许只有一个结论真题重现：S upporters of the new super systems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial costreductions and better coordinated s

47、ervice.这些新超级系统的支持者争辩说，这些合并活动将会大大削减成本，便于更好地协调业务。（2003 阅读）造句：We should allow for unexpected difficulty.我们应考虑到可能出现意想不到的困难。42.amount t o 总计，等于同义替换：to be equal toamount原始涵义：n.量，数量，数额 Large amounts of money were wasted.浪费了大量的钱。总额，总数 He owed me$1 OObut could pay only half that amount.他欠我 100 英镑，但是只能偿还总数的一半

48、。vi.合计，共计T he bill amounts to$500.这张账单共计500美元。等同，接近His words amounted to a threat.他的话实际上是威胁。（在意义、价值、效果、程度等方面）等于，相当于，等同；近于，接近，就是，意思是（to）His failureto reply amounts to a refusal.他不予回答就等于拒绝。具有价值It was the computer that amounted.真正有价值的还是那台电脑。造句：His debts amount to over$3 000.他的欠债总数已达三千多美元。43.answer for

49、对.负责.同义替换：undertake responsibility for,be liable for,take charge for真题重现：He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract,and now he has to answer for theconsequences.他未能兑现合同上的一些条款，所以现在他必须对结果负责。（1995词汇）造句：You must answer for her.你必须对她负责。44.answer to 适合,符合.同义替换：conform.to造句：Your deeds mu

50、st answer to your words.你的言行应该一致。45.be anxious about为焦急不安anxious原始涵义：adj.焦急的，忧虑的，担心的 We had a very anxious time until we knew that they were safe.我们一直忧虑直到得知他们平安。渴望的，急切的，非常希望I was anxious for everything to be settled.我渴望每一件事都安排妥当。造句：I feel anxious about my brother.我为弟弟担心。46.apologize to sb.for s th.为