2022年西藏考研英语二试题真题及答案（精品真题）.docx

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1、2022年西藏考研英语二试题真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Harlan Coben believes that if youre a writer, youll find the time; and that if you cant find the time, then writing isn

2、t a priority and youre not a writer. For him, writing is a 1 joba job like any other. He has 2 it with plumbing, pointing at that a plumber doesnt wake up and say that he cant work with pipes today.3 , like most writers these days, youre holiday down a job to pay the bills, its not 4 to find the tim

3、e to write. But its not impossible. It requires determination and single-mindedness. 5 that most bestselling authors began writing when they were doing other things to earn a living. And today, even writers who are fairly 6 often have to do other work to 7 their writing income.As Harlan Coben has su

4、ggested, its a 8 of priorities. To make writing a priority, youll have to 9 some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy. Depending on your 10 and your lifestyle, that might mean spending less time watching television or listening to music, though some people can write 11 they

5、 listen to music. You might have to 12 the amount of exercise or sport you do. Youll have to make social media an 13 activity rather than a daily, time-consuming 14 . Therell probably have to be less socializing with your friends and less time with your family. Its a 15 learning curve, and it wont a

6、lways make you popular.Theres just one thing you should try to keep at least some time for, 16 your writingand thats reading. Any writer needs to read as much and as widely as they can; its the one 17 supportersomething you cant do without.Time is finite. The older you get, the 18 it seems to go. We

7、 need to use it as carefully and as 19 as we can. That means prioritising our activities so that we spend most time on the things we really want to do. If youre a writer, that means 20 writing.1. A difficult B normal C steady D pleasant2. A combined B compared C confused D confronted3. A If B Though

8、 C Once D Unless4. A enough B strange C wrong D easy5. A Accept B Explain C Remember D Suppose6. A well-known B well-advised C well-informed D well-chosen7. A donate B generate C supplement D calculate8. A cause B purpose C question D condition9. A highlight B sacrifice C continue D explore10. A rel

9、ations B interests C memories D skills11. A until B because C while D before12. A put up with B make up for C hang on to D cut down on13. A intelligent B occasional C intensive D emotional14. A habit B test C decision D plan15. A tough B gentle C rapid D funny16. A in place of B in charge of C in re

10、sponse to D in addition to17. A indispensable B innovative C invisible D instant18. A duller B harder C quieter D quicker19. A peacefully B generously C productively D gratefully20 A at most B in turn C on average D above allSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four te

11、xts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 3We have all encountered them, in both our personal and professional lives. Think about the times you felt tricked or frustrated by a membership or subscription that had a seaml

12、ess sign-up process but was later difficult to cancel. Something that should be simple and transparent can be complicated, intentionally or unintentionally, in ways that impair consumer choice. These are examples of dark patterns.First coined in 2010 by user experience expert Harry Brignull, “dark p

13、atterns is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-making ability of users. Brignull identifies 12 types of common dark patterns, ranging from misdirection and hidden costs to “roach motel”, where a user experience seems easy and intuitive at the star

14、t, but turns difficult when the user tries to get out.In a 2019 study of 53,000 product pages and 11,000 websites, researchers found that about one in 10 employs these design practices. Though widely prevalent, the concept of dark patterns is still not well understood. Business and nonproft leaders

15、should be aware of dark patterns and try to avoid the gray areas they engender.Where is the line between ethical, persuasive design and dark patterns? Businesses should engage in conversations with IT, compliance, risk, and legal teams to review their privacy policy, and include in the discussion th

16、e customer/user experience designers and coders responsible for the companys user interface, as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible for sign-ups, checkout baskets, pricing, and promotions. Any or all these teams can play a role in creating or avoiding “digital deception.”Lawmakers and

17、regulators are slowly starting to address the ambiguity around dark patterns, most recently at the state level. In March, the California Attorney General announced the approval of additional regulations under the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) that “ensure that consumers will not be confused

18、 or misled when seeking to exercise their data privacy rights.” The regulations aim to ban dark patterns- this means prohibiting companies from using confusing language or unnecessary steps such as forcing them to click through multiple screens or listen to reasons why they shouldnt opt out.”As more

19、 states consider promulgating additional regulations, there is a need for greater accountability from within the business community. Dark patterns also can be addressed on a self-regulatory basis, but only if organizations hold themselves accountable, not just to legal requirements, but also to indu

20、stry best practices and standard.31. It can be learned from the first two paragraphs that dark patterns _.A improve user experiencesB leak user information for profitC undermine users decision-makingD remind users of hidden costs32. The 2019 study on dark patterns is mentioned to show _.A their majo

21、r flawsB their complex designsC their severe damageD their strong presence33. To handle digital deception, businesses should _.A listen to customer feedbackB talk with relevant teamsC turn to independent agenciesD rely on professional training34. The additional regulations under the CCPA are intende

22、d to _.A guide users through opt-out processesB protect consumers from being trickedC grant companies data privacy rightsD restrict access to problematic content35. According to the last paragraph, a key to coping with dark patterns is _.A new legal requirementsB businesses self-disciplineC strict r

23、egulatory standardsD consumers safety awarenessSection III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Although we try our best, sometimes our paintings rarely turn out as originally planned! Changes in the light, the limita

24、tions of your palette, and just plain old lack of experience and technique mean that what you start out trying to achieve sometimes doesnt come to life the way that you expected.Although this can be frustrating and disappointing, it turns out that this can actually be good for you! Unexpected result

25、s have two benefits: for starters, you pretty quickly learn to deal with disappointment, and in time (often through repeated error) to realise that when one door closes, another opens. You quickly learn to adapt and come up with creative solutions to the problems the painting presents, and this mean

26、s that thinking outside the box becomes second nature to the painter!Creative problem solving skills are incredibly useful in daily life, and mean youre more likely to be able to quickly come up with a solution when a problem arises.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose you are planning a c

27、ampus food festival. Write an email to the international students in your university to1) introduce the food festival, and2) invite them to participate.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the email; use “Li Ming” instead. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)考研英语二参考答案