大学英语全新版第三册第4单元.ppt

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1、BR-mainBeforeReading 1.StoryofExtraterrestrialsInvadingEarthListen to the StoryQuestions about the Story2.BackgroundInformation 3.Warm-upExercisesIssac AsimovVenus The Solar System Space Exploration US Federal GovernmentBR1.11Listen to the Story BR1.21QuestionsabouttheStory 1.How did the Earthlings

2、fight against the invasion of the 2.An-vils?Were they successful?They fought with bullets,ordinary bombs,super-atom bombs,gases and bacteria,but they failed.BR1.22QuestionsabouttheStory 2.What was Knowall by profession?What tricks did he use to drive away the invaders?Was he successful?Knowall was a

3、 psychiatrist,a doctor treating mental illness.At first he filled the An-vils with human emotions so that they would fight each other.He didnt succeed.Then he made them feel homesick.This time his trick worked.BR1.23QuestionsabouttheStory 3.How come all the An-vils rose up from Earth at a given sign

4、al one day and flew back to their own star?They were made to feel homesick,a strong desire to fly back to where they had started.BR2.1IssacAsimov Issac Asimov(19201992)was a Russian-born American writer and scientist.He was a distinguished biochemist,but is more widely known as the author of many wo

5、rks of science fiction,books on science for non-scientists,and essays on a wide variety of subjects.Among his best-known science fiction is I,Robot(1950)and the Foundation trilogy(19511953).Building on Karel Capeks concept of the robot,in 1941 Asimov coined the term robotics.BR2.2BR2.3TheSolarSystem

6、 The nine planets in the solar system are placed in order of mass in the first picture.The numbers in the first picture indicate their positions in the solar system.Drag the numbers to their corresponding planets.StartStartJupiter木星木星 Neptune海王星海王星Earth地球地球Saturn土星土星Venus金星金星Uranus天王星天王星Mars火星火星Merc

7、ury水星水星Pluto冥王星冥王星key1 2 3 456789S U N 1 2 3 456789S U N 1 2 3 456789S U N 1 2 3 456789S U N 1 2 3 456789S U N 1 2 3 456789S U N 1 2 3 456789S U N 1 2 3 456789S U N 1 2 3 456789S U N 1 2 3 456789S U N Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto S U N SpaceExploration1.Introduction2.

8、Soviet/Russian Space Program3.US Space Program4.Chinas First Man in Space Introduction Space exploration was made possible by advances in rocket technology.It began during the cold war when the Soviet Union launched the first space satellite.Soviet/Russian Space Program Following the Soviet Sputnik

9、I,in 1958 US sent into space the first artificial satellite Explorer I.Four years later,John Glenn became the first American in orbit.In 1961US Space Program President Kennedy proposed the Apollo programme to achieve a manned lunar landing by 1970,and in 1969 it came true.US Space Program US Space P

10、rogram Chinas first man in space US Federal Government The US federal government is divided into three separate,but equally powerful branches:the legislative(which writes the laws);the executive(which carries out the laws);and the judicial(which reviews the way laws are applied).The separation of po

11、wers also allows for a system of checks and balances within the government.Each branch is given certain control over the other two,which balances the power and keeps the potential for abuse of power in check.US Federal Governmentexecutivelegislativemakethelawjudicialenforcethelaw1.2.3.5.6.can sugges

12、t and veto legislation1.can override(越过越过,不考虑不考虑)a veto2.can impeach(弹劾弹劾)presidentappoint the justicescan force the President to follow the laws with no appealInterpretthelaw4.pass a new lawcan rule laws unconstitutional(违反宪法的违反宪法的)The President is the chief executive,or chief administrator,of the

13、United States.His job is to manage all of the people who work in the executive branch and to make sure the laws ofthe nation are enforced.He is also the foremost representative of the nation and head of the diplomatic corps(外外交交使使团团).In addition,he has certain legislative and judicial powers.For exa

14、mple,he may suggest legislation to Congress that he feels will improve the“state of the union”and may also veto(reject)legislation that he feels should not become law.He nominates(任任命命，指指派派)Supreme Court justices(judges)and is also the commander in chief(总总司司令令)of the United States Armed Forces.The

15、Constitution specifies that there shall be two separate legislative bodies-the House of Representatives and the Senate.Together they are called the Congress.The two bodies of Congress worktogether to make the laws and regulations for the country.Before a new law can be made,both houses have to pass

16、it,and it must then have the approval of the President.In a system of government based on a series of checks and balances,the two houses of Congress act as a check on each other,as well as together forming a check on the powers of the executive branch,especially the President.The judicial branch of

17、US federal government operates the system of law courts.The Supreme Court in Washington,D.C.is the highest court in the US,and is very powerful.It is made up of nine judges who are called justices.There are one chief justice and eight associate justices.Traditionally,they are called the nine old men

18、,although there has been one woman justice.TheSupreme Court Judges are appointed by the President with Senates approval.They may serve for life or until they wish to retire.Warm-upExercises 1.Word-web 2.Group Work 3.Text Prediction Word-webE.T.flying saucer invasionadvancedalienUFOweirdabductionuniv

19、erse flying discouter spaceMartiangalaxyThink of as many words and phrases as possible about Extraterrestrials(E.T.)Group Work Dictation related to the text Write down what you hear about the beginning of the text.No extraterrestrials will ever land on Earth any more.It was all Bart Camerons error.T

20、hat day while he was buried in his complicated income tax form,Bart Cameron got awfully irritable.And just then the flying saucer landed.Text Prediction Prediction of the story The following pictures illustrate what happened next in the story.With the beginning part you have just written down,you ar

21、e given five minutes to work in pairs to make up as many questions as possible about what happened next in the story.Text PredictionGR-mainGlobalReading1.PartDivisionoftheText 2.TrueorFalse 3.FurtherUnderstandingFor Part 2 Table CompletionPartDivisionoftheTextParts Lines Main Ideas 1 2 178126The nar

22、rator claims that no extraterrestrials will ever land on Earth.The narrator gives an account of his encounter with extraterrestrials,making it clear why he claims that they will return no more.GR-1GR-2-11TrueorFalse1.Bart Cameron was a very bitter man.2.Cameron was so absorbed in his income tax form

23、 that he wanted to dismiss the two strangers as quickly as possible.3.The Venusian said,“We have had your people under observation a long time.”By“your people”,the Venusian meant people in Bart Camerons town.TFF()()()The Venusian meant the people in U.S.or the human beings on Earth.Not always.Bart C

24、ameron became very bitter when he had to work up his complex income tax.GR-2-124.When the Venusian said they were indeed foreigners,he meant that they came from other countries.6.Bart Cameron mistook the word“Venus”for“Venice”simply because the two words sound very much alike.He meant they were not

25、from America or any other country on Earth but from the outer space.FF5.The Venusians came to invite U.S.A.to join their organization.T()()()It was because Bart Cameron had judged the Venusians as Italians by their appearance.So everything they said sounded Italian to him.Therefore,he mistook Venus

26、for Venice,a watery place in Italy.GR-3.11Table Completion The main body of the story can be divided into four sections according to time sequence.Please write down the paragraph numbers of each section and give its main plots.Sections Paragraphs Main Plots2 611451(before the E.T.s arrival)Bart got

27、quite irritable because of his complicated tax form.(the landing of the flying saucer)The narrator was shocked at the sight of a flying saucer landing on Earth and two men getting out ofit,while Bart didnt notice it at all.GR-3.12Sections Paragraphs Main Plots4 354812343(after the E.T.s departure)Un

28、aware of the guests identity and caught up with his tax form,Bart talked to the guests with an impatient and sarcastic tone and turned down their request rudely.Their conversation ended with the guests promise of not coming back.(the meeting with the E.T.)After the E.T.left,the narrator got mad at B

29、art because of his irrational attitude to the guests.Bart didnt realize his stupid error until it wastoo late.AR-Main1.ListeningandDiscussion 2.SpeechStyle 3.RolePlay4.UsefulExpressions5.ExpositoryEssayWriting Review of How to Write an Expository Essay(1)AfterReadingHow to Write an Expository Essay(

30、2)6.ProverbsandQuotationsHomework After-1-11.Discuss the following questions.1)Do you think the story sounds plausible?Why or why not?2)Do you think there exist extraterrestrials?Give reasons.3)If there were intelligent groups of beings like ourselves existing somewhere,why do you think we havent he

31、ard from them?Listening and DiscussionAfter-1-11After-1-2 Listening and Discussion Listen to the recording and fill in the blanks with what you hear.Difficult words and phrases:pessimistically,civilization,over vast distances,inevitably,weapons of mass destruction,evolve,carbon molecules,silicon It

32、has been rather suggested that when a civilization anywhere in the universe becomes enough to,say,develop radio telescopes or the ability to by radio over vast distances,that level of technology almost inevitably is close to .This is true.It could be an answer to the question why we havent heard fro

33、m other forms of life.pessimistically_advanced_communicate_atom bombs or similar weapons of mass destructiondestroying itself by_After-1-3 Listening and Discussion Listen to the recording and fill in the blanks with what you hear.Difficult words and phrases:pessimistically,civilization,over vast dis

34、tances,inevitably,weapons of mass destruction,evolve,carbon molecules,silicon Its also possible that A really advanced civilization might have gone beyond biology to develop machine intelligence.They may have evolved not from carbon molecules as we did,but from silicon,.But you dont have to go to si

35、licon.You could have other kinds of carbon-based organic life and still be living.an intelligent civilization might havemore in common with our machines than ourselves._the samekind of silicon thats the basis of computer technology_from life on this planet as we know itwhich could be very very diffe

36、rent_After-1-4 Listening and Discussion Listen to the recording and fill in the blanks with what you hear.Difficult words and phrases:pessimistically,civilization,over vast distances,inevitably,weapons of mass destruction,evolve,carbon molecules,silicon Today Earth is still the only place where we k

37、now for sure that life exists.But there could be life out there.If it could be shown that life evolved somewhere,anywhere our own home planet,then life on Earth would never be the same again.that we know aboutHuman kind has the only intelligent civilization_beyond doubt_other than_After-2-111.Look a

38、t the following sentences and browse the text to Say what you want to say quickly and briefly.Spit it out.I have only one close relative,my wife.My people?All I gots a wife.Are you foreigners?You guys foreigners?I want you to leave right now.Get the hell out of here.2.Find in the text the sentences

39、of the two Venusians.In what way can they be put more colloquially?Speech Stylefind how the sheriff expressed these ideas.After-2-12 3.Compare the speech style of the sheriff with that of the two Venusians and fill in the blanks with the words given in the brackets.(Some of the words may not be used

40、.)casual,informal,formally,active,passive,long,short,colloquial,elaborate,shortened,complete,incomplete,learned Sheriff Cameron usually spoke in a manner.Perhaps his town was so small that he knew all the townsfolk,therefore speech was proper.His sentences were ,and sometimes .He preferred phrases t

41、o single,words.He liked forms and abbreviations,with an occasional curse.But for once,he spoke .It was when he heard that the two strangers were foreigners and he tried to fulfill the duty of a government officer.informal_short_casual_colloquial_incomplete_learned_shortened_formally_Speech StyleAfte

42、r-2-13 3.Compare the speech style of the sheriff with that of the two Venusians and fill in the blanks with the words given in the brackets.(Some of the words may not be used.casual,informal,formally,active,passive,long,short,colloquial,elaborate,shortened,complete,incomplete,learned The Venusians s

43、poke .Their sentences were and involved(复杂的),their word choice .They used voices and“if”structures.Perhaps it was because they believe in the utter importance of their mission,or they might not have learned to speak freely in a strange tongue.long_Speech Styleelaborate_formally_passive_After-3-1Divi

44、de the class into groups and do the role play based on the plot of the story in Text A.Or change the plot of the story in Text A and do a role play accordingly.Role PlayModleSuppose Cameron happens to be away when the Venusians come to visit his office.His deputy tries to handle the situation.When h

45、e learns that the Venusians are ready to help humans,he proceeds to discuss with them some of the problems on Earth-pollution,the rapid exhaustion of natural resources,overpopulation,etc.-and seek their advice about solutions.After-4.useful-1UsefulExpressions1.on account of由于由于2.a general store杂货铺杂货

46、铺3.a sheep ranch牧羊场牧羊场4.insist on doing sth非得，坚持非得，坚持5.a flying saucer飞碟飞碟After-4.useful-2UsefulExpressions6.be backed up against背靠着背靠着7.knock off下班下班8.hit the sack上床睡觉上床睡觉9.a shooting star流星流星10.bug ones eyes瞪大双眼瞪大双眼After-4.useful-311.a dark complexion深色皮肤深色皮肤12.have under observation观察观察13.spit ou

47、t有话直说有话直说14.go for喜欢喜欢15.regardless of不论不论UsefulExpressionsAfter-4.useful-416.at sb.s service为为效劳效劳17.a hurry-up message加快信，快件加快信，快件18.go to pieces气坏了气坏了19.recover ones wits回过神回过神20.make like假装，装扮作假装，装扮作UsefulExpressionsAfter-4.useful-521.knock down击倒，撞倒击倒，撞倒22.The breath goes out of sb.气都喘不出来了气都喘不出

48、来了23.take off起飞起飞24.fade out逐渐消失逐渐消失UsefulExpressionsAfter-5.1Review of How to Write an Expository Essay(1)Unit 3,Book 1 has given us two tips about the writing of expository essays.They are:1.Narrowing the scope of discussion,which means we have to our discussion to a manageable topic rather than f

49、ighting with a too general or broad one.2.Making clear our attitude toward the subject,eg.,clearly our attitude so as not to leave the readers with a vague idea of our opinion.limit/narrow/boil down/reduce_stating/expressing/presenting_After-5.2 To make our exposition both instructive and interestin

50、g,it is advisable to illustrate the discussion by giving concrete examples and details.Vivid illustrations light up abstract ideas and make them clear,intriguing,memorable and convincing.Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions.How to Write an Expository Essay(2)1Preparing Enough Mater