It句型的归纳.ppt

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1、The Use of“it”How much do you know about“it”?The Use of“it”代词代词 it引导词引导词 itIt句型的归纳句型的归纳 Sentences With“it”1 用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物 My pen is missing.I cant find it anywhere.-Who is knocking at the door?-Its me.Jack is ill.Have you heard about it?代词代词-it 2 用以代替指示代词用以代替指示代词this,that-Whats

2、this?-Whose exercise-book is that?-Its hers.代词代词-it-Its a flag.3 表示时间、天气、距离表示时间、天气、距离季节、季节、环境、情况等环境、情况等Its time for lunch.When spring comes,it gets warmer and warmer.Its about two li from here to the zoo.Its winter now.It was very quiet(noisy)at the moment.代词代词-it 1 作作形式主语形式主语，代替由不定式（或，代替由不定式（或不定式复合

3、结构）、动名词或从句不定式复合结构）、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。表示的真正主语。He had to sit up now,for it was impossible for him to sleep.Its no use telling him that.Its not yet known where she has gone.引导词引导词-it 2作作形式宾语形式宾语，代替由不定式、，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。He feels it his duty to help others.We thought it no use doing that.W

4、ill you see to it that the luggage is brought back?引导词引导词-it 3用在强调结构中。为了强调句子用在强调结构中。为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是的某一成分（通常是主语主语、宾语宾语、或或地点状语或时间状语地点状语或时间状语），常用强调结），常用强调结构构“It is(was)+被强调成分被强调成分+that(或或who)”I saw Li Ping in the street this morning.引导词引导词-itIt was I that/who saw Li Ping in the street this morning.It w

5、as Li Ping that I saw in the street this morning.It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.It was this morning that I saw Li Ping in the street.it-强调结构强调结构It is he that is right.It is they that are right.It was you that came late.被强调的部分如果是原句的被强调的部分如果是原句的主语，后面的谓语在人称和主语，后面的谓语在人称和数上应和原句的主语一致

6、数上应和原句的主语一致此句型只用于此句型只用于现在时现在时和和过去时态过去时态引导词引导词-it强调时间状语和地点状语时后面强调时间状语和地点状语时后面不能用不能用when和和where引出其余部分，引出其余部分，必须要用必须要用that引出。引出。It was in the park that I met my friend.It was yesterday that we held that party.引导词引导词-it强调强调not until结构时将此结构置结构时将此结构置于于It is(was)that句型中，句型中，that后接肯定式。后接肯定式。I didnt go to be

7、d until I had finished my homework last night.It was that not until I had finished my homework last night I went to bed.强调句型的一般疑问句将强调句型的一般疑问句将be的形式的形式提前于句首。提前于句首。Was it he that(who)knocked at the door just now?引导词引导词-itWas it in the park that I met my friend?特殊疑问句句型，将被强调的特殊疑问句句型，将被强调的疑问词置于句首。疑问词置于句首

8、。What is it that you want me to buy as your gift?Who was it that knocked at the door just now?Where was it that he went yesterday?引导词引导词-itSentences With“It”(It句型的归纳句型的归纳)1.It+be+adj.+of sb.+不定式不定式 sb.+be+adj.+不定式不定式2.It+be+adj.+for sb.+不定式不定式 不定式不定式+be+adj.or sth.+be+adj.+不定式不定式1.It+be+adj.+of sb.+

9、不定式不定式sb.+be+adj.+不定式不定式 It is very kind of you to help us.(=You are kind to help us.)It was wise of you not to accept the invitation.Its cruel of him to kill that animal.Notes:这种结构中的形容词表明这种结构中的形容词表明的是不定式的逻辑主语，即行为人的的是不定式的逻辑主语，即行为人的特点，用特点，用of sb.to do结构引出不定式结构引出不定式的逻辑主语的逻辑主语,这些形容词常与人的性这些形容词常与人的性格特点有关

10、格特点有关kind,cruel,clever,bright,foolish,stupid,silly,wise,careful,careless,rude,impolite,nice,right,wrong,silly,good,brave,honest etc.2.It+be+adj.+for sb.+不定式不定式 不定式不定式+be+adj.sth.+be+adj.+不定式不定式 It is difficult for us to learn English.To learn English is difficult for us.English is difficult for us t

11、o learn.Notes:这种结构中的形容词表明的这种结构中的形容词表明的是不定式行为本身的特点，常用是不定式行为本身的特点，常用for sb.to do结构引出不定式的逻辑主语结构引出不定式的逻辑主语important,difficult,easy,hard,necessary,interesting,dangerous,possible,impossible,likely,heavy etc.3.It+takes+sb.+some time+不定式不定式 表示表示“做某事花费某人多长时间做某事花费某人多长时间”It took him some time to find the eleph

12、ant.sb.+spend+some time+(in)doingHe spent some time(in)finding the elephant.4.It cost+sb.+some money+不定式不定式sth.cost+sb.+some moneysb.spend+some money+on+sth.sb.pay+some money+for sth.sb.buy+sth.+for+some moneyThe necklace cost them 36,000 francs.They spent 36,000 francs on the necklace.They paid 36,

13、000 francs for the necklace.They bought the necklace for 36,000 francs.用用spend,pay,buy时主语是人而不是物。时主语是人而不是物。用用spend时还可译为：时还可译为：They spent 36,000 francs(in)buying the necklace 5.It is+no use+动名词动名词 动名词动名词+is+no useIt is no use regretting your past mistakes.Regretting your past mistakes is no use.Its no

14、 use crying over split milk.能以能以动名词动名词作主语的这类句子并不多，作主语的这类句子并不多，主要在以主要在以no good,no use,useless,senseless,worthwhile,dangerous等词作表等词作表语的句子中用。语的句子中用。6.It+be+adj./n.+that-clauseThat-clause+be+adj./n.It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.It

15、is a pity that she has made such a mistake.That she has made such a mistake is a pity.形形容容词词和和名名词词：good news no wonderan honora facta shamestrangenaturalsurprising obvioustruewonderfulfunnypossible impossiblelikelyunlikelyimportant necessaryunusual7.It+be+过去分词过去分词+that-clausesb.+be+过去分词过去分词+不定式不定式It

16、 is said that he has been ill for years.适用于这种句型的动词有适用于这种句型的动词有report,announce,decide,learn,expect,arrange,suggest,etc.He is said to have been ill for years.8.It+seems/-ed+that-clause sb.+seems/-ed+不定式不定式It seems that they are talking.用于这种句型的动词用于这种句型的动词happen,turn out等等It happened that she was not at

17、 home.It turned out that he was Bushs father.They seem to be talking.9.It+be+some time+since has passed since sb.+have+过去分词过去分词+for+some time 表示表示“自自以来有多长时间了以来有多长时间了”It is five years since his death.(prep.)It is five years since he died.(conj.)Five years has passed since his death.Five years has pas

18、sed since he died.在肯定句中短暂性动词不能与在肯定句中短暂性动词不能与for some time搭配。必须将这类动词换成搭配。必须将这类动词换成表示状态的副词。表示状态的副词。The meeting has been on for an hour.He has been away for three years.It is three years since he came here.Its years since I enjoyed myself so much.since可以是介词，又可以是连词。可以是介词，又可以是连词。作连词时从句中一般用作连词时从句中一般用非延续性动

19、词非延续性动词。Its ten years since I was at school.Its three years since I smoked.-Do you smoke?-_.Its two years since I smoked.A.Oh,I dont.B.Yes,I do.B.C.Not too much.D.Oh,yes,but I wish.10.It+be+time+for It+be+time+(for sb.)+不定式不定式 It+be+time+that 表示表示“该做某事了该做某事了”It is time for supper.It is time(for us)t

20、o have supper.It is time that we had supper.that从句中要用虚拟语气从句中要用虚拟语气 Its time that this problem was/should be solved11.It+be(not)+long before 表示表示“（不）很久（不）很久/才才”或或“（没）（没）过多久就过多久就/”It was(not)long before.（谈论过去）（谈论过去）It will(not)be long before.(谈论将来谈论将来)It was long before she came back.It will be long b

21、efore we meet again.It will not be long before we turn our hope into reality.这里这里it指时间，指时间，before是连词，引是连词，引导时间状语从句。导时间状语从句。long可用一段时间可用一段时间来替代。来替代。It will be five years before he meets you again.It seemed only seconds before he came back home.(seem:link.v.)12.Its one turn to do sth.该轮到某人做某事了该轮到某人做某事了Its our turn to have a rest.Wait until it is your turn.Whose turn is it next?He felt it was his turn to speak now.Thank you very much!