英译汉否定句英译.pptx

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1、全部否定全部否定 否定句含believe,consider,expect,fancy,fear,hope,feel,imagine,suppose,think,trust 等表心理活动的动词时,not 通常否定该动词后面的内容第1页/共40页 科学家们认为,计算机不可能在所有领域中都代替人。Scientists do not believe that computers can replace man in every field.第2页/共40页她觉得她再也不能忍受她丈夫的侮辱。She doesnt feel that she can stand her husbands insult an

2、y longer.我们相信他们是不会反对你的建议的。I dont believe that they will oppose your proposal.第3页/共40页汉语否定谓语，英译时否定主语汉语否定谓语，英译时否定主语物质必须运动，否则就没有做功。Matter must move,or no work is done.如果没有太阳，什么都不能生存。Without the sun,nothing could live.第4页/共40页这里周围，无论是苍蝇还是蚊子，一只也找不到。Not a fly nor a mosquito was found around here.在这些电路中没有发

3、现任何缺陷。No defects have been found in these circuits.第5页/共40页谓语否定转移至状语否定谓语否定转移至状语否定中国在任何时间和任何情况下都不会首先使用核武器。At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.第6页/共40页状语否定转移至谓语状语否定转移至谓语有时孩子们下棋并不全是为了娱乐。Sometimes the children dont play chess for amusement.在含目的状语的否定句中，有时n

4、ot 并不否定其后的动词，而是否定句中的目的状语。第7页/共40页部分否定部分否定 用否定词not 来否定表示全部概念的词,如:both,all,every(everything,everybody,everywhere)等。这些词都是表示“所有、每一个、两者都”等概念的,如果用not 否定这些词就使句子产生了部分否定之义,表示“不都”,“并非都”等第8页/共40页并不是每个人都会喜欢它。Everybody wouldnt like it=Not everybody would like it并非每种疾病都用同样的方法治疗。Every disease is not cured in the s

5、ame way.第9页/共40页并非两个建议都被委员会所采纳。Not both suggestions are accepted by the committee.不是所有关于她的情况我都知道。I dont know everything about her.第10页/共40页在否定句中用连词and 连接两个状语、表语、定语、宾语等时,也表示部分否定,否定and 之后的部分。He is not a bright and diligent boy.他并不是个既聪明又勤奋的孩子。(聪明但并不勤奋)第11页/共40页延续否定延续否定从前线回来的人说起白求恩，没有一个不佩服，没有一个不为他的精神所感动

6、。No one who returned from the front failed to express admiration for Bethune whenever his name was mentioned,and none remained unmoved by his action.第12页/共40页这头大象不像一堵墙，不像长矛，不像蛇，不像树也不像扇子。The elephant isnt like a wall or a spear,or a snake,or a tree,neither is he like a fan.第13页/共40页解放前，他是个赶大车的，连自己的生活

7、都难以维持，更不用说养家了。Before liberation he was a cart-driver who could hardly keep body and soul together,let alone support his family.第14页/共40页那时，我们连电脑都没有，更不用说电子邮件和因特网了。At that time we didnt have computers,to say nothing of e-mail and internet.第15页/共40页双重否定句双重否定句巧妇难为无米之炊。You cant make something out of noth

8、ing.我们学校几乎没有学生不会说英语。Few students in our college cannot speak English.第16页/共40页对于会议的结果,我们是有准备的。We are not unprepared for the outcome of the conference.必要时我们定会帮助你。We shall not fail to help you when necessary.第17页/共40页汉语肯定形式译成英语否定形式汉语肯定形式译成英语否定形式这些细菌要再温度达到一百摄氏度时才会死亡。These bacteria will not die until th

9、e temperature reaches 100.所有机器在运转时都要损失能量。There is no machine but will lose energy when in motion.第18页/共40页汉语双重否定英译双重否定汉语双重否定英译双重否定没有足够的加速度，地球卫星是不能进入太空的。The earth satellite would not get into space without enough acceleration.没有科学技术知识要建设社会主义是不可能的。Without knowledge of science and technology it is impo

10、ssible to build socialism.第19页/共40页Gases cannot be quickly compressed without generating heat.气体迅速压缩就一定会产生热量。The flowing of electricity through a wire is not unlike that of water through a pipe.电流通过导线就像水流过管子一样。第20页/共40页There is nothing unexpected.一切都在预料中。The errors are too obvious for us not to see

11、them.那些错误太明显，我们一眼就看出来了。第21页/共40页He was glad because he wouldnt have to send me away without buying anything.他总算能买点什么让我带走，这令他很高兴。第22页/共40页含否定意义的动词含否定意义的动词 动词(词组):英语中有不少动词或动词词组,形式肯定,却暗含否定概念,所以汉译时用反译法译成否定句。常见的有:fail,forbid,forget,deny,hesitate,lack,wonder,miss,lose,neglect,ignore,escape,resist,decline,

12、doubt,reject,deprive,refrain,free/keep/save/protect/prevent/stop/persuade from 第23页/共40页那部车无法爬上那个山坡。The car failed to climb the hill.他们不准这陌生人进入室内。They excluded the stranger from entering the room.你没有射中靶子。You have just missed the target.第24页/共40页公共场合请勿吐痰。Please refrain from spitting in the public pla

13、ces.下雨了，他没法出去。Rain prevented him from going out.第25页/共40页欺骗与他的本质格格不入。Deception is foreign to his nature.他所做的事没有达到要求。What he has done falls short of the requirements.第26页/共40页含否定意义的形容词含否定意义的形容词 形容词(词组):英语中有不少形容词(词组),肯定的形式暗含着否定概念,汉译时用反译法译成否定句。常见的有absent(from),empty of,free,far from,ignorant of,innocen

14、t,different(from),least,lost,reluctant,short of,vacant,hard,devoid of,other than,foreign to 等。第27页/共40页他是个寡言少语的人。He is a man of few words.这地方没有天花和瘟疫。The place is safe from smallpox and plague.他不懂拉丁文。He is quite ignorant of Latin.第28页/共40页一些固定句型结构:1)形容词(副词)的比较级+than to do 结构在某些条件下蕴含着一种因果关系。当比较级表示原因,t

15、han 后的不定式表示结果则含有强烈的否定意思。你英语掌握得这么好,不该犯这样的错误You have a better command of English than to make such mistakes.第29页/共40页2)more than+含有can 的从句这种结构表面是超出限度,实际上是一种力所不能及的否定,译为“不能”。那地方景色之美非笔墨所能形容。The beauty of the place is more than I can describe.第30页/共40页3)be+anything but+名词/形容词该结构是一种语气很强的否定表达方式,译为“根本不是”、“一点

16、也不”。这项任务根本不容易The task was anything but easy.第31页/共40页4)主语+be+the last+名词+不定式/定语从句此结构是一种强有力的否定方式,意思为“决不至于,最不(可能)的”。我怎么也没料到会在这地方见到你。This is the last place where I expected to meet you.第32页/共40页5)在“否定词十but”的结构中,but 当作关系代词用,相当于“which/who/that not”,具有否定含义,也构成双重否定句。差小多每个星期她都要给父母信。Scarcely a week passes bu

17、t she writes to her parents.第33页/共40页6)nothing(nobody,now here,none)so but无论只要就(便);无论多么困难的事,只要实践便会变得容易。There is no thing so difficult but it becomes easy by practice.第34页/共40页我全然不知道下一步该怎么办。I am quite at a loss what to do next.他对所有的警告充耳不闻。He turns a deaf ear to all warnings.第35页/共40页对他计划将公司出售一事，我们一直蒙

18、在鼓里We were kept completely in the dark about his plan to sell the company.我真不知该如何感谢你的恩惠。Your kindness is more than I can express.第36页/共40页今天早晨我步行去上班而不是乘车去的。I went to work on foot instead of by bus this morning.那位勇敢的士兵宁死也不肯向敌人屈服。The brave soldier would sooner die than yield to the enemy.第37页/共40页英文否定

19、，中文肯定英文否定，中文肯定Drinking too much will do no good to your health.过量饮酒有损于你的健康。They cannot but admit that in certain aspects of science and technology we are far ahead of them.他们不得不承认在某些科学技术方面，我们远远领先于他们。第38页/共40页Which family doesnt have problems.家家有本难念的经。We cannot estimate the value of modern science too much.现代科学的价值越重视越好。We cannot be too faithful to our duties.我们必须尽忠于自己的职责。第39页/共40页感谢您的观看！第40页/共40页