高中英语（7）教师用书：Unit 3 Section_Ⅳ Grammar_-_Writing.pdf

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1、-1-SectionSection_ _GrammarGrammar_ _&_ _WritingWriting 被动语态被动语态()动词动词inging 形式的被动式形式的被动式 一、动词一、动词inging 形式被动式的构成形式被动式的构成 名称名称 形式形式 意义意义 主动主动 doingdoing 表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行行 一般一般式式 被动被动 beingbeing donedone 表示一个被动的动作正在进行，或与谓语表示的表示一个被动的动作正在进行，或与谓语表示的动作同时进行动作同时进行 主动主动 havinghavi

2、ng donedone 表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前 完成完成式式 被动被动 havinghaving beenbeen donedone 表示一个被动动作在谓语表示的动作之前已经完表示一个被动动作在谓语表示的动作之前已经完成了成了 HeHe couldcould notnot bearbear beingbeing mademade funfun ofof likelike that.that.他受不了人家那样开他的玩笑。他受不了人家那样开他的玩笑。HavingHaving beenbeen invited,invited,MrMr LiLi went

3、went therethere toto givegive a a speechspeech thoughthough hehe waswas busy.busy.李先生受邀去那儿作演讲，尽管很忙，但他还是去了。李先生受邀去那儿作演讲，尽管很忙，但他还是去了。二、动词二、动词inging 形式被动式的语法功能形式被动式的语法功能 1 1作主语作主语 BeingBeing selectedselected ChairmanChairman ofof thethe studentsstudents unionunion mademade himhim feelfeel proud.proud.被选

4、为学生会主席，他很自豪。被选为学生会主席，他很自豪。2 2作宾语作宾语 SheShe doesntdoesnt rememberremember havinghaving everever beenbeen givengiven a a chancechance toto gogo abroad.abroad.她不记得曾给过她出国的机会。她不记得曾给过她出国的机会。考考题题印印证证 1 1(北京高考改编北京高考改编)The)The filmfilm starstar wearswears sunglasses.sunglasses.Therefore,Therefore,hehe cancan

5、 gogo shoppingshopping withoutwithout beingbeing_ _recognizedrecognized (recognize)(recognize)-2-(江 苏 高 考 改 编江 苏 高 考 改 编)Shortly)Shortly afterafter sufferingsuffering fromfrom a a massivemassive earthquakeearthquake andand beingbeing_ _reducedreduced (reduce)(reduce)toto ruins,ruins,thethe citycity

6、tooktook onon a a newnew look.look.3 3作宾补作宾补 I I heardheard thisthis songsong beingbeing sungsung inin EnglishEnglish then.then.那时，我听到有人在用英语唱这首歌。那时，我听到有人在用英语唱这首歌。4 4作定语作定语 TheThe meetingmeeting beingbeing heldheld nownow isis veryvery important.important.现在正在召开的会议非常重要。现在正在召开的会议非常重要。点津点津 动词动词inging 形

7、式的一般被动式表示一个被动的动作正在进行；过去分词表示一个形式的一般被动式表示一个被动的动作正在进行；过去分词表示一个被动的动作已经完成；不定式的被动式表示将来的一个被动的动作。被动的动作已经完成；不定式的被动式表示将来的一个被动的动作。TheThe problemproblem beingbeing discusseddiscussed (whichwhich isis beingbeing discussed)discussed)atat thethe meetingmeeting isis veryvery important.important.会上正在讨论的问题非常重要。会上正在讨论

8、的问题非常重要。TheThe problemproblem discusseddiscussed (whichwhich waswas discussed)discussed)atat thethe meetingmeeting isis veryvery important.important.会上讨论过的问题非常重要。会上讨论过的问题非常重要。TheThe problemproblem toto bebe discusseddiscussed (whichwhich willwill bebe discussed)discussed)atat thethe meetingmeeting i

9、sis veryvery important.important.会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。5 5作状语作状语 BeingBeing askedasked toto givegive a a performance,performance,sheshe couldntcouldnt veryvery wellwell refuse.refuse.有人请她表演一个节目，她不好拒绝。有人请她表演一个节目，她不好拒绝。HavingHaving beenbeen givengiven suchsuch a a goodgood chance,chance,howhow c

10、ouldcould youyou letlet itit slipslip away?away?人家给了你这样一个好机会，你怎能轻易放过？人家给了你这样一个好机会，你怎能轻易放过？考考题题印印证证 2 2(重庆高考改编重庆高考改编)HavingHaving_ _beenbeen_ _askedasked (ask)(ask)toto workwork overtimeovertime thatthat evening,evening,I I missedmissed a a wonderfulwonderful film.film.6 6作表语作表语 TheThe SouthSouth Chi

11、naChina isis beingbeing floodedflooded becausebecause ofof thethe continuouscontinuous heavyheavy rain.rain.由于持续的强降雨，华南正被洪水围困。由于持续的强降雨，华南正被洪水围困。三、在动词三、在动词inging 形式的被动式前加否定副词形式的被动式前加否定副词 notnot 便可构成其否定形式便可构成其否定形式 HeHe waswas unhappyunhappy forfor notnot havinghaving beenbeen invitedinvited toto theth

12、e party.party.没有被邀请参加聚会，他感到很不高兴。没有被邀请参加聚会，他感到很不高兴。NotNot havinghaving mademade preparations,preparations,theythey failed.failed.-3-因为没有准备，他们失败了。因为没有准备，他们失败了。四、使用注意事项四、使用注意事项 1 1在在 wantwant，needneed，requirerequire 等动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。等动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。TheThe radioradio needsneeds repairing.repa

13、iring.TheThe radioradio needsneeds toto bebe repaired.repaired.这台收音机需要修理了。这台收音机需要修理了。2 2bebe worthworth 后常跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。后常跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。TheThe bookbook isis worthworth readingreading again.again.TheThe bookbook isis worthyworthy ofof beingbeing readread again.again.这本书值得再读一遍。这本书值得再读一遍。.用所给词的适当形式

14、填空用所给词的适当形式填空 1 1ItsIts funfun beingbeing_ _takentaken (take)(take)toto thethe zoo.zoo.2 2I I cantcant bearbear beingbeing_ _laughedlaughed_ _atat (laugh(laugh at)at)byby them.them.3 3TheThe buildingbuilding beingbeing_ _repairedrepaired (repair)(repair)isis ourour library.library.4 4DontDont bebe a

15、ngryangry withwith meme forfor notnot_ _havinghaving_ _beenbeen_ _invitedinvited (not(not invite)invite)toto thethe party.party.5 5AfraidAfraid ofof beingbeing_ _attackedattacked (attack)(attack)byby sharks,sharks,peoplepeople daredare notnot gogo swimmingswimming inin thethe sea.sea.6 6HavingHaving

16、_ _beenbeen_ _usedused (use)(use)forfor onlyonly halfhalf a a year,year,thethe computercomputer lookslooks almostalmost new.new.7 7NotNot_ _havinghaving_ _beenbeen_ _toldtold (not(not tell)tell)whenwhen thethe playplay started,started,hehe camecame latelate toto thethe theatretheatre andand missedmi

17、ssed thethe firstfirst scene.scene.8 8HavingHaving_ _beenbeen_ _shownshown (show)(show)aroundaround thethe WaterWater Cube,Cube,wewe werewere takentaken toto seesee thethe BirdsBirds Nest.Nest.翻译句子翻译句子 1 1被颁给诺贝尔奖是极大的荣誉。被颁给诺贝尔奖是极大的荣誉。BeingBeing_ _awardedawarded_ _a a_ _NobelNobel_ _PrizePrize_ _waswa

18、s_ _a a_ _greatgreat_ _honour.honour.2 2被告诉好几遍了，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同样的错误。被告诉好几遍了，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同样的错误。HavingHaving_ _beenbeen_ _toldtold_ _manymany_ _times,times,_ _thethe_ _naughtynaughty_ _boyboy_ _mademade_ _thethe_ _samesame_ _mistakemistake_ _again.again.3 3那个年轻人悄悄地进来了，没有人注意到他。那个年轻人悄悄地进来了，没有人注意到他。TheThe_ _yo

19、ungyoung_ _manman_ _camecame_ _inin_ _quietlyquietly_ _withoutwithout_ _beingbeing_ _noticed.noticed.4 4我认为这部电影值得再看一次。我认为这部电影值得再看一次。I I_ _thinkthink_ _thethe_ _filmfilm_ _isis_ _worthworth_ _seeingseeing_ _a a_ _secondsecond_ _time.time.-4-5 5我的车正在修理中，所以现在无法使用。我的车正在修理中，所以现在无法使用。BeingBeing_ _repaired

20、,repaired,_ _mymy_ _carcar_ _cantcant_ _bebe_ _usedused_ _now.now.投诉信投诉信 假设你是一位名叫张华的乘客，你对这次航班不满意，理由有四个：航空公司给你弄丢假设你是一位名叫张华的乘客，你对这次航班不满意，理由有四个：航空公司给你弄丢了一个重要的包，内有公司机密文件；飞机晚点一个半小时；飞机上的食物质量很差；服务了一个重要的包，内有公司机密文件；飞机晚点一个半小时；飞机上的食物质量很差；服务员的态度也不好。请就此事给航空公司写一封投诉信。员的态度也不好。请就此事给航空公司写一封投诉信。词数：词数：100100 左右。左右。Dear

21、Dear managermanager，MyMy namename isis ZhangZhang Hua.Hua.II amam a a passengerpassenger ofof youryour airline.airline.II amam writingwriting thisthis letterletter aboutabout youryour service.service.II amam sorrysorry toto saysay thatthat ImIm veryvery unhappyunhappy aboutabout youryour airline.air

22、line.Firstly,Firstly,youryour airlineairline lostlost oneone ofof mymy bagsbags inin whichwhich therethere isis anan importantimportant paper.paper.Secondly,Secondly,mymy planeplane waswas oneone andand a a halfhalf hourshours late.late.YouYou know,know,I I hadhad toto attendattend anan importantimp

23、ortant meetingmeeting inin time.time.Thirdly,Thirdly,thethe foodfood onon thethe planeplane waswas terrible.terrible.Fourthly,Fourthly,I I hatehate toto havehave toto saysay this,this,butbut I I thinkthink thatthat thethe attendantsattendants atat thethe airportairport werewere unfriendlyunfriendly

24、andand impoliteimpolite toto me.me.HonestlyHonestly speaking,speaking,thisthis isis thethe worstworst airlineairline I I knowknow inin thethe world.world.TheThe focusfocus ofof mymy complaintcomplaint isis wherewhere mymy bagbag is.is.I I dodo hopehope youyou cancan helphelp meme findfind mymy bagba

25、g andand improveimprove youryour service.service.YoursYours，ZhangZhang HuaHua 第一段点明了写作的目的。第一段点明了写作的目的。第二段具体说明了航空公司存在的服务质量问题。第二段具体说明了航空公司存在的服务质量问题。第三段表达了抱怨之情和维权要求。第三段表达了抱怨之情和维权要求。亮点一：巧妙运用多种复杂句式，如：亮点一：巧妙运用多种复杂句式，如：句和句和句用了宾语从句；句用了宾语从句；句和句和句用了定语句用了定语从句；从句；句用了并列句；句用了并列句；句用了表语从句。句用了表语从句。句对谓语进行了强调。句对谓语进行了强

26、调。亮点二：亮点二：句用了连接词句用了连接词 Firstly,Firstly,Secondly,Secondly,Thirdly,Thirdly,Fourthly,Fourthly,HonestlyHonestly speakingspeaking 使文章行文更加流畅。使文章行文更加流畅。-5-如何写投诉信如何写投诉信 投诉信是人们在现代生活中应用最为广泛的书信形式。现代生活中当人们对商品或服务投诉信是人们在现代生活中应用最为广泛的书信形式。现代生活中当人们对商品或服务不满时，我们有权投诉。写投诉信时要客气，但语气要坚定；另外要证明责任确实在商家；不满时，我们有权投诉。写投诉信时要客气，但语气

27、要坚定；另外要证明责任确实在商家；最后要明确问题出在哪儿及你的具体要求，还可加上由此给你带来的不便或伤害，以加强投最后要明确问题出在哪儿及你的具体要求，还可加上由此给你带来的不便或伤害，以加强投诉信的说服力。诉信的说服力。写作时注意以下几点：写作时注意以下几点：1 1开头开头：写投诉信时，要自我介绍，开门见山地提出写信的原因，然后陈述事情，交代写投诉信时，要自我介绍，开门见山地提出写信的原因，然后陈述事情，交代投诉内容，表明写信的目的和要求。投诉内容，表明写信的目的和要求。2 2正文正文：说明情况原委，表达自己的不满，讲清利害，分析利弊。告诉对方你因此受到说明情况原委，表达自己的不满，讲清利害

28、，分析利弊。告诉对方你因此受到的伤害或不便，最后提出自己的合理要求和解决问题的建议，表明希望如何处理。的伤害或不便，最后提出自己的合理要求和解决问题的建议，表明希望如何处理。3 3结尾：表达希望迅速恰当地解决问题的强烈愿望，希望尽快得到满意的答复。结尾：表达希望迅速恰当地解决问题的强烈愿望，希望尽快得到满意的答复。注意：写投诉信要明确人称和时态。人称以第一人称为主，时态以一般过去时为主。注意：写投诉信要明确人称和时态。人称以第一人称为主，时态以一般过去时为主。黄黄金金表表达达 1 1ItIt isis a a greatgreat pitypity thatthat wewe foundfou

29、nd therestheres somethingsomething wrongwrong withwith .2 2WouldWould youyou pleaseplease letlet meme knowknow whetherwhether oror notnot youyou cancan .asas soonsoon asas possible?possible?3 3I I dodo hopehope youyou cancan considerconsider mymy suggestion.suggestion.4 4I I amam suresure therethere

30、 areare technicaltechnical oror manmademanmade errorserrors involved.involved.5 5I I hopehope youyou cancan makemake anan investigationinvestigation intointo thisthis mattermatter asas soonsoon asas possible.possible.6 6I I havehave beenbeen pleasedpleased withwith youryour servicesservices forfor y

31、ears,years,butbut nownow I I feelfeel veryvery disappointed.disappointed.7 7I I wouldwould likelike toto drawdraw youryour attentionattention toto thethe problem/faultproblem/fault .8 8ItIt wouldwould bebe highlyhighly appreciatedappreciated ifif youyou couldcould .假如你是图片中的顾客，请根据图片所提示的内容，给商家经理写一封信，陈

32、述自己的假如你是图片中的顾客，请根据图片所提示的内容，给商家经理写一封信，陈述自己的遭遇，并要求合理的索赔。遭遇，并要求合理的索赔。注意：注意：1.1.词数：词数：100100 左右；左右；2 2文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：参考词汇：进口奶粉进口奶粉 importedimported powderedpowdered milkmilk DearDear ManagerManager，-6-MuchMuch toto mymy regret,regret,I I writewrite thisthis letterletter toto ha

33、vehave a a complaintcomplaint againstagainst oneone ofof youryour shopshop assistantsassistants concerningconcerning badbad serviceservice inin thethe coursecourse ofof ourour shoppingshopping yesterday.yesterday._ _ _ YoursYours respectfullyrespectfully，A A faithfulfaithful customercustomer 参考范文：参考

34、范文：DearDear ManagerManager，MuchMuch toto mymy regret,regret,I I writewrite thisthis letterletter toto havehave a a complaintcomplaint againstagainst oneone ofof youryour shopshop assistantsassistants concerningconcerning badbad serviceservice inin thethe coursecourse ofof ourour shoppingshopping yes

35、terday.yesterday.YesterdayYesterday wewe boughtbought a a bottlebottle ofof importedimported powderedpowdered milkmilk fromfrom youryour supermarket.supermarket.However,However,whenwhen itit waswas opened,opened,toto ourour greatgreat surprise,surprise,wewe foundfound thatthat anan uglyugly wormworm

36、 waswas “swimming”“swimming”insideinside thethe powderedpowdered milk.milk.Immediately,Immediately,wewe tooktook thethe bottlebottle toto thethe shopshop assistantassistant whowho soldsold thethe powderedpowdered milk,milk,hopinghoping toto getget a a satisfactorysatisfactory explanation.explanation

37、.ThingsThings becamebecame worseworse whenwhen wewe askedasked forfor a a sinceresincere apologyapology andand anotheranother bottlebottle ofof importedimported powderedpowdered milk.milk.TheThe shopshop assistantassistant toldtold usus thatthat hehe wouldwould meetmeet ourour demandsdemands unlessu

38、nless wewe couldcould provideprovide enoughenough proofproof sayingsaying thethe wormworm waswas fromfrom Holland,Holland,asas thethe lettersletters onon thethe bottlebottle saysay itit waswas mademade inin Holland.Holland.WhatWhat a a joke!joke!NowNow wewe askask youyou toto looklook intointo thist

39、his matter.matter.WeWe demanddemand thatthat thethe shopshop assistantassistant makemake anan officialofficial apologyapology toto usus andand a a newnew bottlebottle ofof powderedpowdered milkmilk bebe delivereddelivered toto usus asas soonsoon asas possible.possible.YoursYours respectfullyrespectfully，A A faithfulfaithful customercustomer