2021-2022学年福建省福州市鼓楼区文博中学高二（下）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）.pdf

《2021-2022学年福建省福州市鼓楼区文博中学高二（下）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021-2022学年福建省福州市鼓楼区文博中学高二（下）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）.pdf（21页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2021-2022学年福建省福州市鼓楼区文博中学高二（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ABritains brilliant bridges have supported trade,brought communities together and are alwaysthe most exciting part of the journey.These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in theirown right.Clifton Suspension Bridge,BristolDescribed

2、by its legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as my first love,my darling,it was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic.Now,more than four million vehicles a yearcross the 1,352 ft-long toll（通行费）bridge over the Avon Gorge.The 1 toll for every journeypays for its maintenance.The history of t

3、he bridge,dating back to 1864,is kept alive through aprogramme of tours,events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge,Stockton-On-TeesA pedestrian（彳 亍 人）and cycle footbridge across the River Tees,its working title was the NorthShore Footbridge,before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009.lt is

4、particularlyincredible at night.The arches（拱形）of the bridge are also lit white and,on calm nights,theirreflection in the water appears as an infinity（无穷大）symbol,thus inspiring the name whichwas chosen by the public.Tower Bridge,LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Portland sto

5、ne and steel,it tookconstruction workers eight years to complete.More than 120 years old,its a popular touristattraction,as well as a functional bridge.Visitors can take in the views over thecapital,experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor,and visit the Victorian EngineRooms.Iron Bridge

6、,ShropshireOpened in 1781,this is the first arch bridge in the world made out of cast iron.Recognised asone of the great symbols of the industrial revolution,it transformed the craft of bridge buildingand was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.1.Which bridge has the

7、longest history?A.Clifton Suspension Bridge.B.Infinity Bridge.C.Tower Bridge.D.Iron Bridge.2.What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A.It was originally meant for pedestrains.B.The public give it two names.C.Its well worth visiting at night.D.Its arch is bigger than any other bridges.3.What makes Cli

8、fton Suspension Bridge different from the other bridges introduced?A.It charges drivers for each passing.B.It offers walkers a good view at night.C.It was made from thousands of stones.D.Ifs a symbol of the industrial revolution.BI was in the second year of my Ph.D.program when a colleague asked wha

9、t I would do if I hadan extra hour every day.Without much consideration,!said I would use it to help others.Thequestion kept coming to my mind.Like many graduate students,!was overwhelmed（难以承受的）with research,teaching,coursework,and some attempt at a personal life.Still,!askedmyself,Do I really need

10、a 25th hour to help other people-or do I need to make better use of the24 hours I have?”I needed something to help me return to my old self.After that conversation with my colleague,1googled（谷歌搜索）“volunteer opportunities near me.A local organization that drives peopleto stores or appointments was lo

11、oking for volunteers.Having grown up in a rural village whereeveryone knew one another and my grandparents were always close by,I thought serving seniorcitizens in my new hometown might be just what I needed.A short time later,I started to volunteer for an organization that provides transportation f

12、orsenior citizens and people with disabilities.To my surprise,adding this activity to my busy lifewas just what I needed to calm the confusion I was feeling as a first-generation internationalgraduate student.I started to volunteer about 3 hours every weekend,the time I otherwise would have wastedov

13、ersleeping or scrolling（滚屏）through social media.Sharing stories with my riders was muchmore rewarding.What they told me about their lives helped me realize that in every comer of第2页，共21页the world,humans are connected with the language of emotions.And seeing how eager myriders were to spend time out

14、and about inspired me to think about how to spend my time,whichused to slip away.My previously overwhelming schedule began to feel manageable.Fm proud of who I have become,and I continue to reflect on how Pm using the most valuablething in life：my time.4.Why did the author ask himself the question i

15、n Paragraph 1?A.He wanted to return to normal life.B.He was busy but wanted to help others.C.He couldn*t bear too much school work.D.He couldnt answer his colleagues question.5.How did the author find the volunteer job?A.A colleague recommended it.B.A local organization offered it.C.He got it from h

16、is grandparents.D.He got it by surfing on the Internet.6.What made the author feel his volunteer job was worth doing?A.Communicating with his riders.B.Improving his language learning.C.Meeting his grandparents often.D.Realizing his previous dream.7.How did volunteering influence the author?A.It help

17、ed him become confident and efficient.B.He found a good way to live a free and quiet life.C.He realized he had wasted too much time pursuing his Ph.D.D.It inspired him to spare more time to accompany his grandparents.cPoaching（偷猎）and habitat loss have threatened Africas two species of elephants,taki

18、ng themcloser toward the edge of disappearance,according to a new report released by the InternationalUnion for Conservation of Nature（IUCN）.Before this update,Africas elephants were grouped together and were evaluated as vulnerable（易受伤害的）by the lUCN.This is the first time the two species have been

19、sortedseparately.In the past,elephants were mostly considered as either Asian elephants or Africanelephants.Forest and savanna elephants（稀树草原象）were typically classified as subspeciesof African elephants.The African forest elephant is now listed as critically endangered and the African savannaelephan

20、t as endangered.The number of African forest elephants fell by more than 86%over a31-year assessment period.The population of African savanna elephants dropped by at least 60%over the last 50 years,according to the IUCN,which tracks the assessment risk of the worldsanimals.Africa currently has an es

21、timated 415,000 elephants,counting the two species together.Both elephant species experienced significant population decreases because ofpoaching.Although it peaked in 2011,illegal hunting still happens and continues to threatenelephant populations.African elephants also face continued habitat loss

22、as their land isconverted for agriculture or other uses.There is some good conservation news,the IUCN points out.Anti-poaching measures,combinedwith better land use planning to support better human-wildlife relationships,have helpedconservation efforts.Some forest elephant population figures have st

23、abilized in well-managedareas in Gabon and the Republic of Congo and savanna population figures have remainedstable or have been growing,particularly in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier ConservationArea in southern Africa.But with constant demand for ivory and increasing human pressures on Africas

24、wildlands,concern for Africas elephants is high,and the need to creatively conserve and wiselymanage these animals and their habitats is more severe than ever.8.What can be inferred from the new report about African elephants?A.They are divided into three kinds.B.They are dying out.C.Their threat is

25、 mainly from poaching.D.Their population has grown in Africa.9.What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 3?A.The detailed number of African elephants.B.The similarities of African elephants.C.The different types of African elephants.D.The present situation of African elephants.10.What does th

26、e underlined word converted in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Expanded.B.Protected.C.Transformed.D.Forbidden.第4页，共21页II.Whats the authors attitude to the present situation of African elephants?A.Hopeless.B.Optimistic.C.Uncertain.D.Worried.DDue to climate changes,Arctic ice is breaking up earlier in the

27、 spring,and its area isdecreasing.This is creating problems for polar bears that make their homes off northern Alaskaand in Hudson Bay.Polar bears off Alaska normally hunt and raise their young on ice sheets that float on theocean.But as the ice has melted,the polar bears have been forced to spend m

28、ore time onland.There,they have begun to frequent beaches,feeding on the remains of whales caught bynative hunters.For polar bears,this food is less nutritious than seals that they normally catch onice sheets.The shrinking（减少）ice has also forced more polar bears into the ocean.In thepast,they only h

29、ad to swim short distances between ice sheets.But as the ice has shrunk,polarbears have been forced to swim longer and longer distances in the open ocean.This poses asevere danger during rough weather,and an increasing number of drowned polar bears havebeen observed.In Hudson Bay,the ice breaks up t

30、hree weeks earlier in the spring now than it did 20 yearsago.Polar bears on Hudson Bay fat（绝食）during the summer,waiting for ice to form in thefall to hunt.Every year,the summer gets longer,and the bears get skinnier.Over the past 25years,the average weight of the female bears has dropped 68 kg.This

31、loss affects their ability toreproduce,and already the number of births has dropped by 15 percent.Unless the bears canlearn to survive these climate changes,these giants of the ice may one day disappear.12.What is Arctic ice doing earlier each year?A.Ifs freezing.B.It*s hardening.C.Ifs melting.D.Its

32、 expanding.13.What is true of polar bears that are spending more time on land in Alaska?A.Their young are dying.B.Their diet is changing.C.Their health is improving.D.Their families are growing.14.What does the writer imply about female polar bears in Hudson Bay?A.They are having fewer young now.B.T

33、hey suffer from various sicknesses.C.They dont need stronger protection.D.They cant find enough good males.15.In which publication would you most likely find this passage?A.Medical News.B.Society Today.C.Wildlife Journal.D.Design Magazine.二、阅读七选五(本大题共5 小题，共 12.5分)People are consumers(消费者).We have to

34、 spend large parts of our daysfinding,buying,cooking and eating our food.Did you ever think it might be nice to be able tomake your own food like plants do?.They perform a process called photosynthesis usinglight from the sun,water and carbon dioxide.The end result of this chemical reaction is sugar

35、 forthe plant to eat.The plant gives off water and oxygen.(2).Plants have special structures called chloroplasts(叶绿体)that animals dont have.Thesestructures are filled with chlorophyll,which gives leafy green plants their green color.Theirmain job is to absorb light from the sun.Chloroplasts can abso

36、rb every color except green.Lightmakes chlorophyll active.lt creates an energy that separates water out into hydrogen andoxygen.(3).Hydrogen from the water combines with carbon from the carbon dioxide we breatheout.Oxygen is sent out into the air.(4).Plants rely on the carbon dioxide that we breathe

37、 out,and we rely on the oxygen that theybreathe out.This is one good reason for protecting plant life on Earth.Many plants canproduce a constant supply of oxygen for us.We need plants in order to survive.Conservation(保护)projects around the globe are aimed at protecting our naturalresources,including

38、 numerous species of plants.(5).A.Plants are producers.B.Chemical reactions take place.C.Animals cant live without water.D.People and plants make perfect partners.E.So how do plants do it,and why cant we?F.There would be too much carbon dioxide in the air.G.Our quality of life and the fresh air we b

39、reathe depend upon our green plant partners.第6 页，共 21页16.A.AEB.Bc.cD.DE.F.FG.G17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)When I was a boy growing up I cant remember either my mom or my grandmother wastingfood.Anything we did

40、nt eat at one meal was(21),stored,and served as leftovers later on.Ican(22)my grandmother making a huge pot of brown beans with a large cake of cornbread.Wewould all eat until we were(23)but there was always about half of the beans(24).A few dayslater grandmother would take those(25)out of the refri

41、gerator,boil pasta,add parsley and(26)them all together into her delicious Pasta Fasule(意大利面食).And I also remember whenI(27)my mom fry bacon for us in the mornings,she would always take the extra butter and(28)pour it into a container.Then she later would(29)it to flavor up(调 味)so many other dishes.

42、I learned the(30)well and after I grew up I tried to never waste food myself.I always(31)theweeks meals ahead of time and only bought what was on my shopping(32)so nothing went towaste.Every(33)went into our stomachs and any leftovers were later eaten by either myself,myboys,or my dogs.To me throwin

43、g food in the trash was just(34).All the work it took to growit,harvest it,and prepare it needed to be(35)and not wasted.21.A.swallowedB.abandonedC.savedD.poured22.A.rememberB.witnessC.imagineD.assist23.A.uncomfortableB.fullC.unbearableD.content24.A.picked outB.left overC.made use ofD.fed up with25.

44、A.cakesB.potsC.dishesD.beans26.A.rollB.dipC.mixD.fry27.A.watchedB.feltC.heardD.made28.A.frequentlyB.carefullyC.curiouslyD.suddenly29.A.sortB.removeC.digestD.use30.A.flavorB.serviceC.lessonD.task31.A.plannedB.cookedC.distributedD.collected32.A.billB.listC.paperD.spot33.A.vegetableB.sampleC.materialD.

45、meal34.A.wrongB.commonC.awesomeD.endless35.A.confirmedB.ignoredC.recycledD.honored四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)36.Exercise might seem like a chore sometimes,(1)(particular)when we get told so oftenthat we should exercise more.But we need to get up and start moving.Many of us spendtoo much time(2)(stare)at

46、screens.Most teen girls dont meet the standards forphysical activity.Getting(3)(scold)about this,though,doesnt really help.And thafs toobad,because exercise can be both fun and good for the body and the brain.Exercise is not only good for your muscles,(4)good for your bones.Getting exercise(help)tee

47、ns build tough bodies.And teens who exercise more often grow up into adultswith much(6)(strong)bones.Exercise can increase how much oxygen and blood gets to the brain,and even how thebrain is structured.Working(7)can produce chemicals in our bodies that might helpprevent depression.And a workout aft

48、er learning something can help us form and keep agreat number of (memory).So maybe ifs no surprise(9)so many scientists study exercise.There are somescientists,fbr instance,who study what makes winning runners so fast.(10)(other)studyrunning lizards and astronauts in space to find out how to keep hu

49、mans healthy both onand off planet Earth.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)第 8 页，共 21页(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达(本大题共2 小题，共 40.0分)37.假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Peter学习汉语。请你写邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：(1)时间和地点：(2)内容：学习唐诗；(3)课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。注意：(1)词 数 100左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Peter,Yours,Li Hua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左

50、右。I was a single mother of four children,working at a low paid job.Money was alwaystight,but we had a roof over our heads,food on the table,and clothes on our backs.I alwaystold myself to be brave and strong,just fbr my four children.I hoped all my efforts wouldbe worthwhile,as long as my children c