精读 (2).ppt

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1、人教课标版人教课标版人教课标版人教课标版 高一高一高一高一 必修必修必修必修1 1 Unit 2Unit 2英语课件英语课件背景：上海的某一家宾馆男厕所在第一层，女厕所在背景：上海的某一家宾馆男厕所在第一层，女厕所在第二层。第二层。American woman:Where is the toilet?Chinese clerk:On the second floor.Englishman:Where is the toilet?Chinese clerk:On the first floor.Finally,the man and the woman went to the same toil

2、et.Why?解释：在美国英语中解释：在美国英语中the first floorthe first floor意为意为“第一层第一层”，在英国英语中意为，在英国英语中意为“第二层第二层”。英国人说。英国人说“第一层第一层”要用要用the ground floorthe ground floor表达。表达。A funny short storyLead-in 1 go to the picturesLets !Lead-in 2OK.But how shall we?Why not go by?Er,but the station is far away.Can you find the dif

3、ferent words that have the same meaning in the dialogue?go to the moviessubwayundergroundIreland the UK the USACanadaNew ZealandAustraliaSouth Africathe USAWarming-up 1 How many countries use English as their official language?There is more than one kind of English.In some important ways they are ve

4、ry different from each other.They are called world Englishes.IndiaPhilippinesSingaporeJamaicaWarming-up 2 Which of the following words is British English and which is American English?elevatorliftundergroundsubwayrubbereraserpetrolgasgo to the moviesgo to the picturesin a teamon a teamChinesemeaning

5、地铁电梯橡皮汽油去看电影在队里American EnglishBritish EnglishWarming-up 3 Differences between American English and British EnglishBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishChinesemeaningautumnflatsweetsfallapartmentcandy秋天公寓糖果answer:ns not nt work w:k answer ns not nt work wk 回答；答案不工作centrecolourfavouritecentercolorfavorite中

6、心；中央颜色；色彩最喜爱的vocabulary（词汇）（词汇）pronunciation（发音）（发音）spelling（拼写）（拼写）Pre-reading Choose one of the stars and then answer some questions.Game 112341.1.In which country do all the people In which country do all the people speak English?(20 points)speak English?(20 points)A.In CanadaA.In Canada B.In Ind

7、ia B.In India C.In America C.In America D.In Singapore D.In Singapore?2.Which country has the fastest growing number of English speakers in the world?(20 points)A.Australia B.China C.India D.Britain?3.Why is English so important that we Chinese should learn it?Because _.(30 points)A.all the Chinese

8、people speak English B.the Chinese people use English as a second language C.the Chinese people use English as a working language D.English is spoken around the world4.English has/had the most speakers _.(20 points)A.now B.in the time of Shakespeare C.in the 12th century D.in the 19th century1.In wh

9、ich countries do we find English is used as the second language?(50 points)A.Canada and New Zealand B.South Africa and Australia C.India and Singapore D.England and the PhilippinesPre-reading Game 23.From AD 450 to 1150,English sounded more like_.(60 points)A.German B.Chinese C.French D.Russian2.In

10、the _ century,some British settlers moved to America.(60 points)A.16th B.17th C.18th D.19thTry to answer the questions as quickly as possible.ReadingReadingThe road to modern English1.With your partner,list the countries that use English as an official language?2.Which country do you think has the m

11、ost English learners?3.Look at the title of the following passage and guess what it is about.Then read it quickly and see if you are right.Pre-readingofficial 官方的官方的 voyage 航行航行,航海航海native 本国的本国的,本地的本地的present 现在的、出席的现在的、出席的gradually 逐渐地逐渐地vocabulary 词汇、词汇量词汇、词汇量New wordsactually 事实上事实上latter 后者的后者的

12、 identity 身份身份fluent 流利的流利的Singapore 新加坡新加坡Malaysia 马来西亚马来西亚 frequently 频繁地频繁地 1.English has/had the most speakers _.A.now B.when the British ruled many parts of the world C.in the time of Shakespeare D.in the 12th centuryScan the text and choose the best answer.2.Which of the following statement is

13、 true?A.Languages always stay the same B.Languages change only after wars C.Languages no longer change D.Languages change when cultures change3.From AD 450 to 1150,English sounded more like _?A.French B.Chinese C.German D.Russian4.Shakespeares English was spoken around _?A.1400s B.1150s C.450s D.160

14、0s5.Which country has the fastest growing number of English speakers in the world?A.Australia B.China C.India D.BritainSkim the text again and fill in the table.The cause TimeBetween AD450 and 11501150 to 1500The road to modern Englishcultures communicate withone anotherthings that happenedless like

15、 German;more like Frenchbased on GermanIn the 1600sLaterShakespeare broadened the vocabulary.A big changed in EnglishBritish people brought English to AustraliaReading skills:For the first time you must read the text quickly in three minutes.Be sure not to read the text sentence by sentence.Read the

16、 key words and key sentences to gain a brief idea about the topic of the text.找重点词、关键句理解文章大致内容找重点词、关键句理解文章大致内容如何找主题句或关键句如何找主题句或关键句?(1)顺承式段落多在第一句；顺承式段落多在第一句；(2)转折式段落常是第二句带有转折式段落常是第二句带有 however,but的句子。的句子。Using the reading skills,get the main idea of each paragraph.Today,more people speak English as t

17、heir first,second or foreign language than ever before.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.However,they may not be able to understand everything.Para 1Para 2 All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.Englishs positi

18、on as world language is yet to be clearly understood or defined.Para 3Para 4Read the passage again and answer the following questions.1.Why was English spoken in many other 2.countries in the 17th century?Because people from England started moving to other parts of the world.2.Do native English spea

19、kers have difficulty in understanding each other?3.Does their English have differences?If so,can you show examples?No,they dont.Yes.flat apartmentRead Para.3 and find out why and how English changed over time.timelanguage relatedreasonsAD450-1150Germanruled by German1150-1500Frenchruled by Norman(Fr

20、ench)1600sa wider vocabularyShakespeareAmerican EnglishNoah WebsterAustralian EnglishBritish went toAustraliaRead Para.4 and find out why India takes English as second language.Indiawas ruled by BritainSouth African EnglishSingapore EnglishMalaysian EnglishHong Kong EnglishDo you know any other kind

21、s of Englishformed for this reason?Samuel Johnson Born:September 18,1709 One of the English languages most profound influences.Two important persons Noah Webster Born:October 16,1758Died:May 28,1843When Noah was 43,he started writing the first American dictionary.He did this because Americans in dif

22、ferent parts of the country spelled,pronounced and used words differently.Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the text.The English between AD 450 and 1150 was based more on _.From AD 800 to 1150,those who ruled England spoke first _ and later _.At the end of the 16th century,about _ pe

23、ople spoke English.Nearly all of them lived in England.GermanDanishFrenchfive to seven millionEnglish is also spoken as a foreign or _ language in many other countries in Africa and _.Today,the number of people learning English in China is increasing _.As a matter of fact,China may have the _ number

24、 of English learners.In 1620 some British settlers moved to _.In the 18th century,some British people were taken to _.English began to be spoken in both countries.largest AmericaAustraliasecondSouth AsiarapidlyDecide whether the statement are True(T)or false(F)according to the passage.1.Chinese Engl

25、ish has become one of the world Englishes.2.Between about AD 450 and 1150,English was less like German,and more like French.FF3.It is The American Dictionary of the English Language that gives American English spelling its own identity.4.English is spoken as the first language in Singapore and Malay

26、sia.FTAt first,only people in _ spoke English.Later,people from England _ to other parts,so English began to be spoken in _ _ _.Today,_ people speak English as their _,second or foreign language._ English speakers _understand each other but _ _.Retell the text.England movedmany other countriesmorefi

27、rstNativecannot everythingAll languages change when _ communicate with one another.So there are British English,American English,Australian English and so on.They all have their own _.English is also spoken as a foreign or second language in _ _ _.Maybe one day Chinese English will become one of the

28、 world English.culturesidentitymany other countriesWhy did the writer decide to end the passage with a question?“Will Chinese English become one of the world Englishes?Only time will tell.”Further thinking:According to the passage,languages change when cultures communicate with one another.So the wr

29、iter intended to predict a possible road to modern English,that is,when Chinese culture communicates with English culture,English may change,too.So as time goes by,Chinese English may become one of the world English.That is what the writer intended to tell us about this passage.So the writer gave it

30、 the title-The Road to Modern English.Some people say that Chinese is amuch more elegant language,so it is more important for us to master it and it is not so necessary to master foreign language.Do you agree with this opinion and why?Discussion1.Do you know that there is more than one kind of Engli

31、sh in the world?你知道世界上不止有一种英语吗？你知道世界上不止有一种英语吗？more than one+名词单数名词单数,后面的谓后面的谓 语动词用单数。语动词用单数。More than one student wants to go to swim.Explanationmore than 还可以与名词、形容词、副还可以与名词、形容词、副词、动词、动名词连用，意为词、动词、动名词连用，意为“不只不只是，非常是，非常”。Both of them are much more than schoolmates.They are close friends.他们俩远不只是同学他们俩远

32、不只是同学,他们是知心朋友。他们是知心朋友。more than 的反义短语是的反义短语是less than,意为意为“少于少于”We advertised for pupils last autumn,and got _ 60.A.more than B.more of C.as much as D.so many as高考链接高考链接2.In some important ways they are very different form one another.在某些重要方面在某些重要方面,它们彼此有些差异。它们彼此有些差异。(1)inway(s)/bymeans 在在方面方面(2)We

33、should solve this problem in a(3)different way.(4)=We should solve this problem(5)by a different way.都表示都表示“相互，彼此相互，彼此”，在句中作动，在句中作动词词或介词的宾语，但不能作主语。或介词的宾语，但不能作主语。表示两个人或事物之间的相互关系用表示两个人或事物之间的相互关系用each other,表示三个或三个以上的人表示三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的相互关系时，或事物之间的相互关系时，用用each other或或one another都可以。都可以。(2)one another/ea

34、ch other区别区别Tom and Mary looked at each other.We send card to one another/each other every year.我们每年都相互寄卡片。我们每年都相互寄卡片。3.Nearly all of them lived in England.nearly和和almost 用法明辨：用法明辨：(1)两者通用的场合两者通用的场合 a.在肯定句中在肯定句中 b.修饰修饰all,every,always 等时等时 c.在行为动词的否定式前时在行为动词的否定式前时e.g.He is almost/nearly 80 years old

35、.(2)只用只用almost 的场合的场合a.和和any,no,none,nothing,nobody,nowhere,never 等连用时。等连用时。b.和和too,more than等连用时。等连用时。c.和表示感觉或心理活动的静态和表示感觉或心理活动的静态 动词连用时。动词连用时。e.g.There is almost none left.(3)只用只用nearly的场合的场合a.被被 very,not,pretty等修饰时。等修饰时。b.和具体数字连用时和具体数字连用时(nearly常用常用)。如。如:Nearly 100 students attended the meeting.4

36、.voyage 在此为可数名词在此为可数名词,意为意为“旅行旅行,航行航行”。如如：The Titanic went under on its first voyage.They supplied this ship with enough food and necessities for a long voyage.I dont want to make the voyage without help.拓展拓展 voyage还可用作动词还可用作动词,意为意为“(乘船乘船)航行航行,航海航海”。如：。如：They planned to voyage across the Pacific Oce

37、an.注意区别名词注意区别名词travel,journey,trip和和voyage:travel用作不可数名词用作不可数名词,只用于泛指从只用于泛指从某地去另一地某地去另一地,如果某人在某段时间里如果某人在某段时间里到处走到处走,可用可用travels；journey用作可数名词用作可数名词,表示去某地所花表示去某地所花的时间和旅行的距离的时间和旅行的距离,尤指较长距离尤指较长距离的或定期的旅行的或定期的旅行;trip用作可数名词用作可数名词,表示非定期的表示非定期的,也许较短的往返旅行也许较短的往返旅行;voyage则常指海上旅行或太空旅行。则常指海上旅行或太空旅行。Air travel

38、is becoming cheaper.Hes on his travels again.Lily had a long and difficult journey through the mountains last year.The kids are going on a trip to the castle.5.because of后边加名词或动名词短语后边加名词或动名词短语 because是连词是连词,所以后边跟句子所以后边跟句子 He came to work late because he got up late.He came to work late because of ge

39、tting up late.考例考例 The open-air celebration has been put off _ the bad weather.(浙江浙江 2007)A.in case of B.in spite of C.instead of D.because of 点拨点拨 句意为句意为“因为天气恶劣推迟了露天因为天气恶劣推迟了露天庆祝会。庆祝会。”because of由于，因为；由于，因为；in case of假设，万一；假设，万一；in spite of尽管；尽管；instead of代替，而不是代替，而不是，故正确答案为，故正确答案为D项。项。6.Native Eng

40、lish speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.把英语作为母语的人相互之间可以交把英语作为母语的人相互之间可以交 流流,即使他们说的不是同一种英语。即使他们说的不是同一种英语。even if=(even though)是连词词是连词词组，组，用来引导让步状语从句，用来引导让步状语从句，意为意为“尽管；即使尽管；即使”even if/even thougheven if 从句所说的不肯定；而从句所说的不肯定；而even though从句所说的则是事实从句所说的则是事实

41、He will not let out the secret even if he knows it.He will not let out the secret even though he knows it.他对秘密知道与否不一定他对秘密知道与否不一定他知道这个秘密他知道这个秘密用用if,as if,even if填空。填空。(1)_ I had money,I wouldnt buy it.(2)_ I had money,I would buy it.(3)It looks _ it is going to rain.(even if 引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句;if 引导条件引

42、导条件状语从句状语从句;as if/though“似乎是似乎是”引导方式状语从句引导方式状语从句)Even if If as ifnative可以作名词，意为：可以作名词，意为：本地人，本地人，本国人；也可以作形容词，意为：本本国人；也可以作形容词，意为：本国的，本土的。例如：国的，本土的。例如：1.When were on holiday in Greece,we live like the natives.2.Are you a native of this country,or just a visitor?3.The giant panda is native to China.4.A

43、fter a long stay in England hes back in his native land.拓展拓展 native speaker生来就说某生来就说某种语言的人。如：种语言的人。如：a native speaker of French/English即学即练即学即练 根据括号内的提示，用根据括号内的提示，用native的适当形式完成句子。的适当形式完成句子。1.He has been away from _（他的故土中国）（他的故土中国）for three years.2.Hes _（美国人）（美国人）but now lives in England.his native

44、Chinaa native of Ae up 上来上来,走近走近;被提出被提出;发芽发芽;升起升起 A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.走近走近 The sun comes up in the east.升起升起New shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.发芽发芽The problem came up in the meeting.问问题在会议中被提出来了。题在会议中被提出来了。come across 偶然遇到或找

45、到偶然遇到或找到come back 再现记忆再现记忆come down 传承传承,按习惯通过或处理按习惯通过或处理come on 催促催促,快速运动快速运动come out 成为众所周知成为众所周知;发行或发表发行或发表come up 出现出现,显示显示come true 实现实现come up with 宣布或发现宣布或发现8.actually/in fact/as a matter of fact 事实上，实际上事实上，实际上9.At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very dif

46、ferent from the English spoken today.翻译翻译 起初在大约公元起初在大约公元450年到年到1150年年间英国人所讲的英语与人们现在所讲的间英国人所讲的英语与人们现在所讲的英语很不一样。英语很不一样。分析分析 此句看起来复杂，但实际上是一此句看起来复杂，但实际上是一个简单句，即：个简单句，即：the English.was different from the English.,at first 在在句中作状语，句中作状语，spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150以及以及spoken today都是过去分词

47、短语作后置都是过去分词短语作后置定语，用来修饰中心词定语，用来修饰中心词the English，表，表示被动关系。示被动关系。如：如：The speech given by that professor was a great success.（given by that professor 作作the speech的定语）的定语）那个教授所作的演讲很成功。那个教授所作的演讲很成功。10.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的,而现代英语不

48、是。而现代英语不是。1)base v.意为意为“以以为根据为根据,把基础设在把基础设在”,常构成短语常构成短语base sth.on/upon sth。如：。如：This novel is based on fact.这部小说是以事实为根据的。这部小说是以事实为根据的。The paper had intended to base itself in London.This film is based on a novel by D.H.Lawrence.拓展拓展base还可用作名词还可用作名词,意为意为“底部底部,基地基地,基础基础”等。如等。如:There is a door at the

49、base of the tower.How many military bases are they maintaining on foreign soil?Many languages have Latin as their base.掌握掌握base构成的两个短语：构成的两个短语：be off base 完全错误完全错误,大错特错大错特错touch base(with)sb(跟某人跟某人)联系上联系上,逗留逗留即学即练即学即练 翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。1.这出戏以真事为基础。这出戏以真事为基础。2.我很多时间在英国度过，但主要还是我很多时间在英国度过，但主要还是 住在中国。住在中国。T

50、he play is based on a true story.I spend a lot of time in Britain,but China is still my base.2)present adj.当前的当前的,现在的现在的(作前置定语作前置定语)Did you see the present national leaders?Can you tell us something about the present situation?出席的出席的,在场的在场的(作表语或后置定语作表语或后置定语)Our teacher was present at the meeting.All