美国的一个仓库管理系统（PPT 63页）课件.pptx

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1、 2002 Georgia TechInternet-basedData Envelopment Analysisfor Warehousing 2002 Georgia TechOutlineThe problemThe current solutionThe needA new solutionHow it worksInternet deployment and results to dateFuture directions 2002 Georgia TechPerformance AssessmentHow well are you performing?Do you have op

2、portunities to improve?2002 Georgia TechWarehouse OperationsReceiving Function(inbound)UnloadInspectPut AwayStorageFunctionShipping Function(order fulfillment)LoadPackOrder PickStorageFunctionStorageFunction 2002 Georgia TechSingle Factor Productivity MetricsProductivity=outputinput 2002 Georgia Tec

3、hTraditional Performance MetricsFill rateInventory turnsLines/hourOrders/hour$/line$/order 2002 Georgia TechWork ok whenRequirements are not changingTechnology is not changingCompetition is not changingIts very hard to interpret a single factor productivity metric when the environment is subject to

4、rapid change in products,customer requirements,technology,or competition.2002 Georgia TechBut in a dynamic world Cant compare over timeCant compare across locationsCant compare to other companiesAt least not without a lot of additional explanatory data and information!2002 Georgia TechBenchmarkingRe

5、lative performance levelBest(effective)practices 2002 Georgia TechINPUTSOUTPUTSSystem-oriented Performance MeasureThe NeedResourcesServicesActivities 2002 Georgia TechTotal Factor Productivity?Cant solve the pricing problem 2002 Georgia TechINPUTSOUTPUTSONEPERFORMANCE INDEXData Envelopment AnalysisR

6、esourcesServicesActivities 2002 Georgia TechSystem-based assessment methodResources:capital,labor,overheadActivities:inbound,order fulfillmentServices:lines/qty shipped,fill rate,etc 2002 Georgia TechCompare to other warehousesAll other warehousesAll other warehouses in your industryAll other wareho

7、uses in your companyYour warehouse in the past 2002 Georgia TechProduction Function Theoryfor one input,one outputResource/InputProduction/Output 2002 Georgia TechSystem Efficiency ConceptResource/InputProduction/OutputOBASystem efficiency of warehouse B is the ratioOAOB 2002 Georgia TechDEA Model:C

8、harnes,Cooper,and RhodesConstant Returns to Scale 2002 Georgia TechData Envelopment AnalysisAllows us to consider multiple“inputs”Allows us to consider multiple“outputs”Determines the reference point on the production function by constructing a hypothetical“best practices”warehouse using real wareho

9、use dataBest possible*not average*from data 2002 Georgia TechDEA Performance ScoreContribution to Profit 2002 Georgia TechInput/Output Specification(the Frazelle/Hackman model)EfficiencyWarehouseLines ShippedStorage FunctionAccumulationTotal StaffingEquipment“Replacement”CostWarehouse area 2002 Geor

10、gia TechHtmldocumentsSolverDatabaseAt your siteGT ServerWeb-based ToolOver the internet 2002 Georgia TechOver 150 qualified users 2002 Georgia TechResults to Date 2002 Georgia TechExperienceExisting databaseMore than 150 warehousesNot segmented by industry(yet)No“descriptive”data to use for segmenti

11、ngCan segment based on inputs and outputs 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia Tech 2002 Georgia TechOutput Segmentationbroken case:49full case:

12、32pallet:13mix:65total:159 2002 Georgia TechInput-oriented,all 159 together 2002 Georgia TechBroken Case,Input EfficiencyCompared Within(49/49)2002 Georgia TechPick Rate for Broken Case PickingAve=17SD=27 2002 Georgia TechFull case,Input Efficiency Compared Within(32/32)2002 Georgia TechPick Rate fo

13、r Case PickingAve=14SD=27.7 2002 Georgia TechPallet,Input Efficiency Compared within(13/13)2002 Georgia TechPick Rate for Pallet PickingLines/Labor hour(pallet)02468100.010.020.030.040.050.0100.0150.0200.0Morelines/labor hourFrequencyAve=25SD=27.7 2002 Georgia TechMixed,Input Efficiency Compared Wit

14、hin(65/65)2002 Georgia TechPick Rate for Mixed PickingLines/Labor Hour(mix)01020304050600.0020.0040.0060.0080.00100.00lines/labor hourFrequencyAve=10.6SD=23 2002 Georgia TechAggregate Pick Rate for All 159 2002 Georgia TechWhere do we go from here?2002 Georgia TechMany Opportunities to Improve the B

15、enchmarking ToolEnhance the basic input/output modelEnhance the ability to benchmark for technology,practice,&requirements 2002 Georgia TechSome Suggested MetricsInputsSpaceCapitalLaborInventory#of skusturnsOutputsInboundreceipt mixreceipt variabilityreturnstime to availabilityFulfillmentpick volume

16、pick variabilitypick accuracyfill rate but Sorta 2002 Georgia Tech“Marker”Analysis 2002 Georgia TechPerformance“Marker”AttributeDEA Performance Score 2002 Georgia TechPerformance“Marker”PracticeDEA Performance Score 2002 Georgia TechResultsBigger is not always better,at least with regard to equipmen

17、t and labor.There is,however,some evidence that more warehouse space leads to better system efficiency.Labor hours was not found to be a significant factor,by itself,in predicting system efficiency.However,the interaction of labor with investment was found to be significant in the sense that labor h

18、ours mitigates the effect of investment(in other words,though high investment warehouses tended to be less efficient than low investment warehouses,the differences becomes less prominent the higher the labor hours).2002 Georgia TechMore ResultsThe interaction of investment and area was found to be s

19、ignificant.This means that high investment warehouses are even less efficient if they are also large.No matter how we segment the data,a very large proportion of warehouses are operating at or below 50%system efficiency.While this may reflect seasonal fluctuations in customer orders,it still represe

20、nts a very significant opportunity for improvement.2002 Georgia TechMore ResultsThe opportunity for improvement seems largest for the segment of warehouses doing predominantly full case picking.In that segment,a smaller proportion of the warehouses are efficient than in any other segment,and a large

21、r proportion are operating below 50%efficiency.2002 Georgia TechOther Data RequirementsType(wholesale,retail,manufacturing)Industry(pharma,auto,electronics,)Order volumeSku spreadOrder size distributionPallet/case/each distributionPlanning horizonDegree of automationPush vs PullPicking strategy Sort

22、a 2002 Georgia TechStill More Data RequirementsPracticesWMS?Compliant shipping?Space utilization?Velocity based slottingetcDiagnosticscost/carton shippedvalue added servicesinventory accuracyetc 2002 Georgia TechQuestions?1、有时候读书是一种巧妙地避开思考的方法。3月-233月-23Friday,March 31,20232、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。01:57:

23、2501:57:2501:573/31/2023 1:57:25 AM3、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。3月-2301:57:2501:57Mar-2331-Mar-234、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。01:57:2501:57:2501:57Friday,March 31,20235、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。3月-233月-2301:57:2501:57:25March 31,20236、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。31 三月 20231:57:25 上午01:57:253月-237、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。三月 231:57 上午3月-

24、2301:57March 31,20238、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2023/3/31 1:57:2501:57:2531 March 20239、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。1:57:25 上午1:57 上午01:57:253月-2310、你要做多大的事情，就该承受多大的压力。3/31/2023 1:57:25 AM01:57:2531-3月-2311、自己要先看得起自己，别人才会看得起你。3/31/2023 1:57 AM3/31/2023 1:57 AM3月-233月-2312、这一秒不放弃，下一秒就会有希望。31-Mar-2331 March 20233月-2313、无论才能知识多么卓著，如果缺乏热情，则无异纸上画饼充饥，无补于事。Friday,March 31,202331-Mar-233月-2314、我只是自己不放过自己而已，现在我不会再逼自己眷恋了。3月-2301:57:2531 March 202301:57谢谢大家谢谢大家