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1、Unit 4 Dont eat in class.SectionAWhat do these signs mean?rulesDontfight.不准打架不准打架.What are the rules at your school?Dontarrivelateforclass.不准上课迟到不准上课迟到.Dontbelateforschool.Dontlistentomusicintheclassroom.Dontruninthehallways.Donteatintheclassroom.Dontwearahatinschool.Donttalkinclass.Dont talkwitheac
2、hotherinclass.不准在上课讲话不准在上课讲话.Stop talking.Pleasekeepquietinthelibrary.Dontspeakloudlyinthelibrary.Dontsmoke.(Nosmoking)不准吸烟不准吸烟./禁止吸烟禁止吸烟!Wehavetowearauniformatschool.Wehavetocleantheclassroomseveryday.What else do you have to do?1.Dontforgettoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.2.Dontdrawonthewall.3.Dontwa
3、tchTVafterschool.4.Dontplayfootballinthestreet.5.Youmustgetupearly.Wecantrulethecountrywithoutrules.没有规章制度就不能治理好国家没有规章制度就不能治理好国家。keeprulesbreakrulesschoolrulesclassrulesfamilyruleslibraryrulesdiningrules 遵守规则遵守规则违反规则违反规则校规校规班规班规家规家规图书馆规则图书馆规则就餐规则就餐规则SCHOOLRULES1.Dontarrivelateforclass.Youmustbeontim
4、e.2.Dontruninthehallways.3.Donteatintheclassroom.Youmusteatinthedininghall.4.Dontlistentomusicintheclassroomsorthehallways.5.Dontfight.1a.Write the number of the rule next to the student.2354Peter_Amy_Mike_1b.Listen.What rules are these students breaking?Write the numbers after the names.2342341c.Pa
5、irwork Talk about the rules above.A:Whataretherules?B:Well,wecantarrivelateforclass.2a.Listen.Check the activities Alanand Cindy talk about.Activity1._listentomusicintheclassroomsorhallwayscancant2._listentomusicinthemusicroomcancant3._listentomusicoutsidecancant4._eatintheclassroomscancant5._eatint
6、hedinninghallcancant6._eatoutsidecancant7._wearahatcancant8._fightcancant2b.Listen again.Can Alanand Cindy do these activities?Circle“can”or“cant”above.Activity1._listentomusicintheclassroomsorhallwayscancant2._listentomusicinthemusicroomcancant3._listentomusicoutsidecancant4._eatintheclassroomscanc
7、ant5._eatinthedinninghallcancant6._eatoutsidecancant7._wearahatcancant8._fightcancantA:Canwelistentomusic,Cindy?B:Wecantlistentomusicinthehallways,butwecanlistentoitoutside.2c.Pairwork2d.Role-play the conversation.John:Hi,mynamesJohn.Itsmyfirstdayatschool.Alice:Hi,John.ImAlice.Thisisagreatschool,but
8、therearealotofrules.John:Really?Whataresomeoftherules?Alice:Well,dontbelatefortheclass.Thisisveryimportant.John:OK,sowemustbeontime.Canwebringmusicplayerstoschool?Alice:No,wecant.Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.John:Isee.Alice:Oh,andwealsohavetobequietinthelibrary.Practice Canwe?Yes,wecan.No,w
9、ecant.eatinclasslistentomusicoutsidewearhatsinschoolfightinclassspeakloudlyinthelibraryDontruninthehallways.Dontfight.Whataretherules?Wemustbeontimeforclass.Canweeatintheclassroom?No,wecant,butwecaneatinthedininghall.Canwewearahatinclass?Yes,wecan./No,wecant.Doeshehavetowearauniformatschool?Yes,hedo
10、es./No,hedoesnt.Whatdoyouhavetodo?Wehavetobequietinthelibrary.GrammarFocus3a.Write the rules for the school library.Library Rules1.2.3.4.Dont talk.Dont eat.Dont listen to music.Dont take photos.3b.Use the words to make questions about the rules.Bequiet?Q:Does she have to be quiet in the library?(she
11、/have to/in the library)?A:Yes,she does.Eat?Q:_ (he/have to/in the dining hall)?A:_Doeshehavetoeatinthedininghall?Yes,hedoes.Listentomusic?Q:_ (we/can/in the hallways)?A:_Wearahat?Q:_ (we/can/in the classroom)?A:_Canwelistentomusicinthehallways?No,wecant.Canwewearahatintheclassroom?No,wecant.1.Wecan
12、eatinclass.2.Wedonthavetocometoschooleveryday.3.3c.Make up five cool rules for your dream school.Share your rules with the class.Your classmates vote for the Coolest School!Atmydreamschool,wedonthavetocometoschooleveryday.We4.Make our school rulesDearstudents:Inorderthatwecanhaveagoodenvironment(环境环
13、境).Weshouldhavesomerulesinourschool.Herearesomesuggestions,wehopethatallofuscanhavealookatthem.1.Dontsleepinclass.2.Cleantheclassroomeveryday.3._4._5._6._Yours _1.祈使句祈使句是表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召、是表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召、劝告等的句子劝告等的句子;通常省略主语通常省略主语you;句中谓语句中谓语动词用动词原形动词用动词原形;句尾一般用降调句尾一般用降调;祈使句的祈使句的开头是动词原形开头是动词原形。祈使句有祈使句有肯定肯
14、定和和否定否定两种：两种：e.g.Lookout!小心！小心！Waithereforme!在这等我！在这等我！GrammarComein,please!请进！请进！Sitdown,please.请坐。请坐。Letsgohome.我们回家吧。我们回家吧。否定否定的祈使句是在动词前的祈使句是在动词前(即句首即句首)加加Dont.e.g.Donttalkinclass!不要在课常上讲话！不要在课常上讲话！Dontopenthewindow!别开窗！别开窗！Dontbelateforschool.上学别迟到上学别迟到!Dontsmoking!别吸烟别吸烟!2.情态动词情态动词haveto的用法的用法h
15、aveto意思是意思是“必须、不得不必须、不得不”,它侧重于客观它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。上的必要和外界的权威。1)结构结构:主语主语haveto动词原形其他动词原形其他(一般现在时一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时主语是第三人称单数时,用用hasto;句子是过去时句子是过去时,用用hadto.)如：如：Wehavetowearsneakersforgymclass.在体育课上在体育课上,我们必须穿运动鞋。我们必须穿运动鞋。Tomhastopracticetheguitareveryday.汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。Ihadtogetupat5:00amlastMo
16、nday.上周一上周一,我不得不早上我不得不早上5点起床。点起床。2)否定形式否定形式:主语主语donthaveto动词原形动词原形其他其他(一般现在时一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时主语是第三人称单数时,用用doesnthaveto;句子是过去时句子是过去时,用用didnthaveto)e.g.Nickdoesnthavetowearauniform.尼克不必穿制服。尼克不必穿制服。Wedidnthavetodoourhomeworkatonce.我们不必马上完成作业。我们不必马上完成作业。3)疑问句疑问句:Do(Does或或Did)主语主语haveto动词原形其他动词原形其他如如:-Doy
17、ouhavetostayathomeonweekends?-Yes,Ido./No,Idont.周末你必须呆在家里吗？周末你必须呆在家里吗？是的是的,我必须。我必须。/不不,我不必。我不必。Didhehavetogotobedby11:00lastnight?昨晚昨晚,他不得不他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗？点前上床睡觉吗？1)表示能力表示能力,“会会”,“能能”(在第一册中已经学习在第一册中已经学习这种用法这种用法)例如例如:Canyouplaytheguitar?你会弹吉它吗？你会弹吉它吗？JudycanspeakalittleChinese.朱蒂会说一点中文。朱蒂会说一点中文。Icandan
18、ceandsing.我能唱歌又能跳舞。我能唱歌又能跳舞。3.情态动词情态动词can的用法的用法2)表示允许、许可表示允许、许可,“可以可以”、“能能”(在这一课在这一课中新学的词义中新学的词义)例如例如:Canthestudentsruninthehallways?学生们可以在走廊上跑吗学生们可以在走廊上跑吗?Wecaneatoutside.我们可以在外面吃东西。我们可以在外面吃东西。CanIcomein?我能进来吗我能进来吗?注意注意:同样是情态动词同样是情态动词,can和和haveto的用法的用法是有区别的是有区别的,和大部分情态动词一样，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中在否定句中,
19、直接在直接在can后加上后加上not，在疑问句中在疑问句中,把把can放到主语前面，放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化。并且没有人称和数的变化。Language Points1.-Whataretherules?规则是什么？规则是什么？-Well,wecantarrivelateforclass.哦哦,我们上课不能迟到。我们上课不能迟到。1)rule规则规则,可数名词可数名词,构成的短语有：构成的短语有：obeytherules遵守规章遵守规章beagainsttherulesbreaktherules违反规章违反规章schoolrules校纪校纪=therulesoftheschoolcl
20、assrules班规班规=therulesoftheclassrule还可以用作动词还可以用作动词,意为意为“统治统治,支配支配”。e.g.Thekingruledthecountry500yearsago.500年前年前,国王统治着这个国家。国王统治着这个国家。2)arrive“到达到达”,arrive是一个不及物动词，是一个不及物动词，不能直接跟表示地点的名词。如果要跟名词，不能直接跟表示地点的名词。如果要跟名词，就必须加介词就必须加介词in或或at。在。在“大地方大地方”前加前加“in”；在在“小地方小地方”前加前加“at”.arrivein/at+地点地点getto+地点地点reach
21、+地点地点(到达某地方到达某地方)e.g.WhendidyouarriveinShanghai?你什么时候到的上海？你什么时候到的上海？Whenwearriveattheschool,itwas7:50.当我们到达学校时，已经当我们到达学校时，已经7：50了。了。如果如果arrive后不接名词，就不用介词：后不接名词，就不用介词：e.g.Afteryouarrive(here/there),pleasecallme.你到了你到了(这里这里/那儿那儿)后给我打个电话。后给我打个电话。3)late“迟迟,晚晚”(形容词或副词形容词或副词)e.g.Whyareyoulate?你为什么迟到？你为什么迟
22、到？Sorry,Icomelate.对不起对不起,我来晚了。我来晚了。belateforn.(对对)迟到迟到e.g.Dontbelateforwork/class/meeting.上班上班/上课上课/开会别迟到。开会别迟到。2.hear,listen和和sound都有都有“听听”的意思，的意思，但三者是有区别的。但三者是有区别的。1)hear“听说听说“,侧重于侧重于”听听”的内容。例如的内容。例如:Imsorrytohearthatyouareill.听说你生病了听说你生病了,我很难过。我很难过。Ineverheardsuchaninterestingstory.我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故
23、事。我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。2)listen“听听”侧重于侧重于“听听”这一动作。例如这一动作。例如:Listentomecarefully.认真听我说。认真听我说。Thechildrenliketolistentomusic.孩子们喜欢听音乐。孩子们喜欢听音乐。3)sound“听起来听起来”,它是系动词它是系动词,后面后面接形容词等。例如接形容词等。例如:Thatsoundsgreat.那听起来真不错。那听起来真不错。Itsoundslikefun.听起来挺有趣。听起来挺有趣。3.out,outsideout一般只用作副词一般只用作副词,意为意为“出去出去,在外面在外面”，其反义词是
24、其反义词是in,单独使用时单独使用时,不能接宾语，不能接宾语，若与一些动词连用若与一些动词连用,才可接宾语。如才可接宾语。如:Pleasetakeoutyourbooks.outside可用作介词和副词可用作介词和副词,意为意为“在在外面外面/部部”，指在某物体的外侧指在某物体的外侧,外部外部,其反义词是其反义词是inside。如。如:Letsmeetoutsidetheschoolgate.4.class班班,课课inclass在课堂上在课堂上haveclasses上课上课belateforclass上课迟到上课迟到5.Dontfight.不要打架不要打架fight战斗战斗,斗争斗争,作战作
25、战fightwithsb.同某人打架同某人打架fightthefire救火救火6.Whatelsedoyouhavetodo?else“其它的其它的”,用来修饰用来修饰something,anything,nothing等等,还可用来修饰疑问词还可用来修饰疑问词what,where,who等等,else修饰疑问词或不定代词时修饰疑问词或不定代词时,应后置。例如应后置。例如:Doyouhaveanythingelsetodo.Whoelsedidyousee?1.Youmustnotbreakthe_(规定规定).2.Wecantmaketoomuchnoiseinthe_(大厅走廊大厅走廊).
26、3.Wehavetowear_(运动鞋运动鞋)forgymclass.4.He_(步行步行)twokilometerstoworkeverymorning.5.Shehasto_(洗洗)thedishesaftermeals.ruleshallwayssports shoeswalkswash.词汇词汇1.Sitdown.2.Comein.3.Eatathome.Dontsitdown.Dontcomein.Donteatathome.把下列祈使句改成否定句把下列祈使句改成否定句4.Listentomusicoutside.5.Doyourhomeworkatschool.Dontlisten
27、tomusicoutside.Dontdoyourhomeworkatschool.1.late,dont,forschool,arrive2.music,listento,intheclassroom,dont3.eat,cant,intheclassroom,weDont arrive late for school.Dontlistentomusicintheclassroom.Wecanteatintheclassroom.Form sentences.组句组句 4.sportsshoes,you,wear,for,gymclass,haveto5.too,I,many,rules,h
28、ave,in,myhouseYouhavetowearsportsshoesforgymclass.Ihavemanyrulesinmyhouse,too.1.Canweplayfootballinthehallways?2.Canweeatintheclassroom?3.Canweplaybasketballontheplayground?No,wecant.根据校规补全对话。根据校规补全对话。No,wecant.Yes,wecan.4.Canwelistentomusicinthemusicroom?5.Canwetalkloudlyintheclassroom?Yes,wecan.No
29、,wecant.用用can和和cant填空填空1.MrGreen_smokehere,becausetheresasignonthewall.Itsays“Nosmoking.”2.Itsveryhotoutside.You_wearahat.3.We_eatintheclassroom,becauseitsimpolitetoteachers.4.I_gotobedafter11:00onschoolnight.5.Thestudents_readbooksandmagazinesinthelibrary.cantcancancancant1.We_cleanourclassroomafte
30、rschool.2.She_makeherbedaftergettingup.3.Itslate.Mr.Beckman_gotoworkbycar.4.EmilyandPeterjoinamusicclub.They_practiceguitareveryday.have tohave tohas tohas to.用用have to或或has to填空填空Homework1.CopythenewwordsandphrasesinSectionA.2.Writedowntheschoolrulesyoumake.Use“can”and“haveto”inyourrules.3.翻译句子：翻译句子：1)不要在图书馆大声说话。不要在图书馆大声说话。2)放学后不要看电视。放学后不要看电视。3)不要上课吃东西。不要上课吃东西。4)不要上学迟到。不要上学迟到。5)不要在马路上踢球。不要在马路上踢球。6)请把那本书给我。请把那本书给我。7)你们必须早起床。你们必须早起床。
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