英语（北京B卷）-学易金卷：2023年高考第二次模拟考试卷(全解全析）.docx

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1、2023年高考英语第二次模拟考试卷英语全解全析（本试卷共100分。考试时长90分钟。）注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写 在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。Weve all heard the saying La

2、ughter is the best medicine”. And there might be something in this idiom. Numerous studies have shown that people who report greater 1 tend to have better medical outcomes.For instance, a 2017 study at the University of Nottingham tested the effect of mood on 138 retirees 2 the normal flu injection.

3、 Those who felt happy on the day of the vaccination went on to 3 more flu-fighting antibodies. Earlier work at Yale University and the University of Florida has also shown that peoples mood affects the activation of genes that fight disease.But does happiness lead to good 4. or is it the other way a

4、round? After all, it could be that people whohave strong immune systems 5 have higher levels of other mood-improving brain chemicals as well.Here is a possible evolutionary 6, Humans evolved as social creatures that cooperate in groups to7 food and protect themselves from wild animals. We were happi

5、er with a(n) 8 network of friends and family because this improved our chances of survival. But closely socializing groups are also breeding grounds for respiratory (呼吸的) 9 such as flu and colds, so we would have needed to increase the activity of the genes that fight these diseases.For those who we

6、re 10 from society, however, infectious disease was less of a problem, and genesthat help recover from physical injury may have been prioritized instead of the ones that fight disease. clean sheet of paper, uncapping a beloved pen, and letting the ink flow.1. A. success2. A. avoiding3. A. produceB.

7、confidenceB. receivingB. repairC. happinessC. missingC. detectD. determinationD. organizingD. absorb4. A. health4. A. healthB. moodC. relationshipD. performanceThe author uses the question underlined in Paragraph 1 to.A. predict the endingB. introduce the topicC. emphasize an opinionD. draw a conclu

8、sion28. What can be inferred from the passage?A. People who write by hand tend to think deeply.B , People who write by hand are likely to make comparisons.C. People who write by hand slow down their learning process.D. People who write by hand find it difficult to improve their memory.29. As for han

9、dwriting, the author thinks it is.1 . accurateB. unimportant C. annoyingD. beneficial【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章开篇提出随着科技的发展，无纸化已经成为了一种新趋势，问手写会不会 完全被打字替代，然后举例说明了手写带来的好处，认为手写是有益的。28 .推理判断题。根据文章第一段“With the development of technology, 4Cpaperless, seems to be the new trend. Instead of writing by

10、 hand, people began to use computers to type in order to produce text quickly. Some people said word processing made producing and editing text much easier. Will handwriting be completely replaced by typing?（随着科技的发展,“无纸化似乎是一种新的趋势。人们开始用电脑打字来代替手写，以便快速生成 文本。一些人说，文字处理使文本的制作和编辑变得更加容易。手写会被打字完全取代吗?广可知，文章开

11、篇提出了“无纸化是一种新趋势，然后以设问“手写会完全被打字取代吗？ “；结合下文内容可知，文章第 二、三、四、五段都分别举了例子来进行反驳；由此可推知，第一段最后一句的设问是为了引出话题。故 选B项。29 .推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的Not only that, but the studys authors also found that writing by hand could promote “deep encoding or processing in a way that typing does not.（不仅如止匕， 该研究的作者还发现， 手写可以促进“深度编码或处理。而打字则

12、不行。广可知，手写可以促进“深度编码或处理”；第三段中的 “They found that the students using laptops tended to write down what the professor said word fbr word, while those who took notes by hand were more likely to listen to what was being said, analyzing it for important content and processing information and reframing it in

13、 their own words.”（他们发现,使用笔记本电脑的学生倾向于逐 字逐句地记下教授所说的内容，而用手记笔记的学生更倾向于倾听教授所说的内容，分析其中的重要内容, “处理信息并用自己的话重新组织。”户可知，用手写记笔记的学生更倾向“处理信息并用自己的话重新组 织“；第四段中的“The most annoying thing about writing by hand is also what makes it so effective for learning.（手写最让人讨厌的地方，也是它对学习如此有效的原因。户可知，手写对学习很有效；第五段中 的“In the same vein

14、, writing in longhand also allows people to really figure out what they mean to say Oppenheimer says, “which may help self-expression.”（奥本海默说：“同样，手写也能让人们真正明白自己想 说什么，这可能有助于自我表达。“广可知，手写能让人真正明白自己想说什么，有助于自我表达。由此可 知，手写其实比打字更能让人深度思考。故选A项。30 .推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Our keyboards are great for a lot of things. But

15、sometimes, there7s no replacing the feeling of spreading out a clean sheet of paper, uncapping a beloved pen, and letting the ink flow.（我 们的键盘在很多方面都很好用。但有时候，摊开一张干净的纸，打开心爱的钢笔，让墨水流淌的感觉是无 与伦比的。广可知，作者认为虽然键盘很好用，但摊开一张干净的纸，打开心爱的钢笔，让墨水流淌的感 觉是无与伦比的。由此可知，作者认为手写是有益的，故选D项。DClothes were once used until they fell

16、 apart-repaired and sewed to be re-used, ending their lives as dishcloths. Not today. Clothing, footwear and upholstered furniture are increasingly frequently bought, thrown away and replaced with new fashions, which are themselves soon abandoned and replaced.Fast fashion is so called partly because

17、 the fashion industry now releases new lines every week, when historically this happened four times a year. Today, fashion brands（品牌）produce almost twice the amount of clothing that they did in 2000. But incredibly, more than 50 billion clothes are deserted within a year of being made.The trend is h

18、aving an astonishing environmental impact. Take water. The fashion industry, one of the worlds largest users of water, consumes anywhere from 20 trillion to 200 trillion litres every year. Besides, plastic fibres are released when we wash polyester（聚酯纤维）and other polymer-based textiles（纺织物），and make

19、 up between 20% and 35% of the microplastics choking the oceans. Added to this are specific chemicals used to make fabrics dirt resistant and the pesticides required to protect crops such as cotton.Change is badly needed, but will require the fashion industry to work harder to embrace more of what i

20、s known as the circular economy. That will involve at least two things: refocusing on making things that last, and so encouraging reuse; and more rapidly expanding the technologies for sustainable manufacturing（制造）processes, especially recycling. There is work to be done for researchers on improving

21、 and expanding textiles recycling. Most used textiles go to landfill（废物填埋场）,in part because there are relatively few systems that collect, recycle and reuse materials. Such recycling requires the manual separation of fibres, as well as buttons and zips. Different fibres are not easy to identify by e

22、ye, and overall such manual processes are time-consuming. Machinery is being developed that can help. Technologies also exist to recycle used fibres chemically and to create high-quality fibres that can be reused in clothing. But these are nowhere near the scale（规模）needed. Another challenge for rese

23、archers is to work out how to get consumers and manufacturers to change their behaviour.Small steps are good, but big changes are needed. The shameful environmental cost of a new cupboard needs to be tackled immediately, at scale, with style.30. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A. Clot

24、hes should be used until they fall apart.B. Fashion brands are replaced with new ones frequently.C. Fast fashion leads to a significant increase in fashion waste.D. Fashion brands produce twice more clothing than necessary.31. According to the author, what does the circular economy focus on?A. Impro

25、ving the production of natural textiles.B. Studying how fast fashion affects the environment.C. Releasing new lines four times a year instead of every week.D. Making durable things and expanding the technologies for recycling.32. What can you infer from the passage?A. Consumers are fond of chemicall

26、y recycled fibres.B. Systems that collect, recycle and reuse are insufficient.C. Manual separation of fibres is preferred by manufacturers.D. Environment damage is mainly caused by using chemicals.33. What does the author think of the future of fashion industry?A. Big changes are needed to follow fa

27、shion styles.B. Huge steps should be taken for the needs of consumers.C. More should be done to deal with the heavy environmental cost.D. Consumers and manufacturers will change their behaviour immediately.【答案】31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“快时尚”潮流给环境所带来的危害，以及研究人员为了避免环境 危害尝试的措施。31 .推理判断题。根

28、据第一段中“Clothing, footwear and upholstered furniture are increasingly frequently bought, thrown away and replaced with new fashions, which are themselves soon abandoned and replaced.（人们越来越频 繁地购买衣服、鞋类和软垫家具，然后扔掉，换上新的时装，而这些时装本身很快又被抛弃和替换。户以 及第二段中“Today, fashion brands（品牌）produce almost twice the amount of

29、 clothing that they did in 2000. But incredibly, more than 50 billion clothes are deserted within a year of being made.（如今，时尚品牌的服装产量几 乎是2000年的两倍。但令人难以置信的是，超过500亿件衣服在制作完成后的一年内被丢弃。厂可以推断， 快时尚导致时尚浪费的显著增加。故选C。32 .细节理解题。根据第四段中That will involve at least two things: refocusing on making things that last, an

30、d so encouraging reuse; and more rapidly expanding the technologies for sustainable manufacturing（制J造）processes, especially recycling.（这至少涉及两件事：重新专注于制造耐用的物品，从而鼓励重复使用；并更迅速地扩 展可持续制造过程的技术，特别是回收利用。户可知，循环经济注重的是制造耐用的物品，从而鼓励重复 使用；并更迅速地扩展可持续制造过程的技术，故选D。33 .细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Most used textiles go to landfill（废物

31、填埋场），in part because there are relatively few systems that collect, recycle and reuse materials. Such recycling requires the manual separation of fibres, as well as buttons and zips.（大多数用过的纺织品都被扔进了垃圾填埋场，部分原因是收集、回收和再 利用材料的系统相对较少。这种回收需要手工分离纤维，以及纽扣和拉链。户可知，大多数用过的纺织品 都被扔进了垃圾填埋场，部分原因是收集、回收和再利用材料的系统相对较少。故选

32、B。34 .推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Small steps are good, but big changes are needed. The shameful environmental cost of a new cupboard needs to be tackled immediately, at scale, with style.（ 一小步是好的，但大 的改变是必要的。快时尚所带来的令人羞耻的环境成本需要立即大规模、有格调地加以解决。广可知，就 长远来看，我们需要做出大的改变是十分必要的，因此人类应该采取更多措施来应对“快时尚”所带来的沉 重的环境代价。故选C。第二节（共5小题

33、；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中 有两项为多余选项。Is fashion important to you? 35 From those who wear trendy ripped jeans and loose-fitting T-shirts to those who wear smart tailored suits and expensive designer outfits, each individual can have their own style.36 And what impact ca

34、n this have on their self-expression?Arguably, one factor that influences what people wear is the need to impress others. People who dress well and keep up with the latest styles seem to be more noticed than those who are not concerned about their appearance. 37 In this way they assume an identity w

35、hich makes them feel they impress. Yet, by copying general looks, people actually cant show their individuality.At the same time, fashion is perceived by some as a tool for success and one that represents wealth or respectable social position. For instance, people intentionally try to raise their st

36、atus by wearing famous brands or expensive clothes which are admired by others. 38 They are just the means to promote a specific image of power and control. In this case, fashion does not express personal individuality but could perhaps be said to give a false impression of appearance for a specific

37、 purpose.That being said, following fashion may not have anything to do with copying current trends but with using them as an inspiration to create outfits expressing individuality. 39 Adding glam here and there, rolling up a pair of trousers or even wearing two different shoes can be considered a f

38、orm of self-expression demonstrating originality.Having considered all this, to my way of thinking, fashion can be used as a means of communication and a way to communicate your self-image to people around you. As a famous designer once said, Fashion is instant language.A. Is it a trend we must foll

39、ow?B. But why are people following fashion?C. For most people it is, at least to some extent.D. For this reason, people wear fashionable clothing.E. These clothes are not actually giving a personal statement of the wearer.F. There are always fashion followers, even though fashion is constantly chang

40、ing.G. An example of this is reforming fashionable pieces and making small personalized changes.【答案】35. C 36. B 37. D 38. E 39. G【导语】本文是议论文。文章讨论了有关时尚的话题。作者认为时尚可以作为一种交流的方式，一种向你 周围的人传达你的自我形象的方式。35. 上文“Is fashion important to you?”（时尚对你重要吗？）提出了一个关于时尚的问题，下文“From those who wear trendy ripped jeans and lo

41、ose-fitting T-shirts to those who wear smart tailored suits and expensive designer outfits, each individual can have their own style.（从穿时髦的破洞牛仔裤和宽松的T恤，到穿时髦的定制西装 和昂贵的设计师套装，每个人都有自己的风格。厂讲述了每个人有每个人的风格和时尚，因此推断空处回 答上文并引出下文，故C项“对大多数人来说，至少在某种程度上是这样的。”符合语境，回答上文提出的 问题，接下来进一步解释这个回答。故选C。36. 下文“And what impact c

42、an this have on their self-expression?（这对他们的自我表达有什么影响？）”再次提 出问题，时尚对表达我们自己有什么影响呢，因此推断空处也是提出有关遵循时尚的问题。因为下文 Arguably, one factor that influences what people wear is the need to impress others.（可以说，影响人们穿着的 一个因素是需要给别人留下深刻印象。）“factor汉语意思是“原因，因素”，说明上文中的问题需要提问“为 什么”，结合选项，B符合语境，下文对两个问题做出了具体的解释。故选B。37. 上文“Arg

43、uably, one factor that influences what people wear is the need to impress others. People who dress well and keep up with the latest styles seem to be more noticed than those who are not concerned about their appearance.（可以说，影响人们着装的一个因素是为了给别人留下深刻印象。穿着得体并紧跟最新时尚的人 似乎比那些不注重外表的人更受关注。户讲述穿着得体时尚会给人留下更深刻的印象，

44、更受关注，下文“In this way they assume an identity which makes them feel they impress. Yet, by copying general looks, people actually cant show their individuality.（通过这种方式，他们假设了一种身份，让他们觉得自己给人留下了深 刻的印象。然而，通过模仿一般的外表，人们实际上无法展示自己的个性。广讲述人们用这种方式想要给 人留下深刻印象。因此空处应是说明一种方式，且与上文一致，故D项“For this reason, people wear fas

45、hionable clothing.（因此,人们穿时髦的衣服。）“符合语境，与上文是因果关系，下文的this way指代的“wear fashionable clothing”。故选 Do上文“At the same time, fashion is perceived by some as a tool for success and one that represents wealth or respectable social position. For instance, people intentionally try to raise their status by wearing

46、 famous brands or expensive clothes which are admired by others.（与止匕同时，时尚被一些人视为成功的工具，代表着财富或受人 尊敬的社会地位。例如，人们故意通过穿名牌或昂贵的衣服来提高自己的地位。户通过举例说明人们通过 穿时尚的，昂贵的名牌来提高自己的地位，E项中的these clothes呼应上文的famous brands or expensive clothes,故E项“这些衣服实际上并不是对穿着者的个人陈述。”符合语境，承接上文，与下文“They are just the means to promote a specifi

47、c image of power and control.（它们只是宣传权力和控制的特定形象的手段。）“ 是顺承关系。解释说明上文内容。故选E。38. 上文“That being said, following fashion may not have anything to do with copying current trends but with using them as an inspiration to create outfits expressing individuality.（话虽如此，追随时尚可能与复制当前的趋 势无关，而是将其作为一种灵感来设计表达个性的服装。）讲述有

48、的人追随时尚与当前的形势无关，只是 一种表达个性的灵感设计，G项“这方面的一个例子是改造时尚的服装，做出小的个性化的改变。”符合语 境，举例说明有些人只是进行个性化的改变，从而引出下文“Adding glam here and there, rolling up a pair of trousers or even wearing two different shoes can be considered a form of self-expression demonstrating originality.（在这里或那里增加魅力，卷起一条裤子，甚至穿两只不同的鞋子都可以被认为是一种展示创意

49、的自我表达形式。广举例说明这种个性化的时尚表现。故选G。第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。The Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in China, running from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang province in the south. It stretches fbr nearly 3,200 kilometers and passes through eight of the countrys provinces and municipalities.Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage si