2022年山西工程技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年山西工程技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2008.04 To understand the sentence, you should analyze its parts.A、functionallyB、widelyC、largelyD、remarkably【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词词义区分。为了理解这个句子，你应该分析句子各个 局部的功能。A.有用途地、有功能地； B.宽广地； C.大大地；D.突 出地。第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the te

2、chnical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut

3、 the scanning time to 30 secondsD、of conducting electricity【正确答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大, mans technology are impressive,人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。 段末说至II： Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于

4、海底。如铁，铜等等。其他三 项都没有提到。第20题【单项选择题】2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第21题【单项选择题】【填

5、句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to

6、be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.D Others believe they can provide a

7、 better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.10【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到 了critics say”,空格处与之对应的是Critics also say”。第22题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted site

8、s usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to.A、the pers

9、istence of heavy metalsB、industrially polluted soilsC、naturally polluted soils D rock and soil chemistry 【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金属，而且重金属很稳定，不容 易降解，所以要对重金属进行彻底的清除。答案选择A。第23题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observe

10、d intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of

11、 the difference in measured intelligence between privileged and disadvantaged children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is.11A、Two Major Changed View of IntelligenceB、Many of the differenc

12、es in measured intelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches.而选项 C 中的 Main Results 只不 过是major findings的另一种说法而已。第24题【单项选择题】阅读选择In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organi

13、zation said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A、Unequal access to medical care.B、 Greater probability of having other diseases.C、 Differences in the biolog

14、y of the cancer.D、 Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出 blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, 与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第25题【单项选择题】【概括大意】They always complained （抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a fi

15、nal say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of

16、 this paragraph is.12A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young people/s mind in following ways.B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.C、 There are so many criticism to their parent

17、s among the young people.D、 Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题段落中的各句列举了年轻人都抱怨其父母些什么，谈的是What are the criticisms?的问题因此选择C。第26题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on, was mayor. Other

18、 kids ran the stores which sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each others bases using spears made with ocotillo, a desert pl

19、ant. Who is Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话 给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。 而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第27题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri

20、 retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： zzHow did you live to be 100?Q: The13five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了community（社区）”，但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在

21、文章中没有提到。第28题【单项选择题】【填句补文】its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more ofte

22、n.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C、 It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到经济独立有可能造成保持一

23、个人的家庭生活，B中的 妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数与前句内容正好呼应。第29题【单项选择题】阅读选择But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is

24、 already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water by14A、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt BP take salt out。第30题【单项选择题】2009.01 The twin

25、 sisters were identical appearance and character.A、ofB、withC、inD、to【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一 样。be identical to/with完全相同的，一模一样的。此题要说明在某个方面是一 样的，应选C。第31题【单项选择题】When, water will be turned into steam.A、heatedB、heatingC、being heatD、having heated【正确答案】A【答案解析】水被加热时会变成蒸汽。因为主句主语water和从句谓语hea

26、t的 关系是被动的，所以用过去分词。15第32题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pul

27、l that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter becauseA、 it

28、is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own.B、 its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.C、 its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation.D、 it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题定位词是not feel.packet of butter,找到原文中A packet of butter has a grav

29、itational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是 B。 C 项错在 disappearo第33题【单项选择题】2007.04 It is difficult to the implication between the lines.A、get toB、get withC、get atD、get down【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。A,开始，接触；C.找

30、出，发现；D.下来, 写下来。第34题【单项选择题】162009.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第35题【单项选择题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A、stimulatedB、perceivedC、obscuredD、simplified【正确答案】

31、D【答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析】 此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】动词的词义选取。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depre

32、ssion and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage

33、, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?17A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案

34、】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration) 根据这个信息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第37题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】You think that the biggest threat to your health when t

35、aking a shower comes from slipping on a bar of soap? Well, guess again.Q: This paragraph is a question to which the author hopes to have a positive answer from the reader.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。这段话的意思是：你认为淋浴的时候对健康最大的威胁 是踩在一块肥皂上而滑倒?好的，再猜一猜。这里的再猜一猜可以得知作者希 望的不是个 positive answer, 而是个

36、negative answer。第38题【单项选择题】2009.04 We go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.A、occasionallyB、relativelyC、continually18D、absolutely【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词意义辨析。译文：我们偶尔外出去餐馆吃饭，但通常 是在家吃饭。详细解答：A偶尔地、偶然地、不经常；B相对地、比拟地；C持 续地、不间断地；D完全地。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Good news for chocoholics： the treat preferred by m

37、illions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation. The researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating

38、 a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body： these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、 It reduces pain and stress.B、 It contains substances called flavonoids.C、 It releases endorphins in hum

39、an body.D、 It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。但凡注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第40题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义19而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第

40、3题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. Many of the islands were formed by the eruption （爆发）of ancient volcanoes （ Q山）.Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean.A、 They are famous for their wa

41、rm, tropical climate and great natural beauty.B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands?C、Theyre like a long necklace that stretches between North and South America. D、 But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正确答案】c【答案解析】第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西 洋的其他局部

42、分开。答案是C,因为它的第一个词是叮hey,该词指The Caribbean Islands；而且在语义上也有很好的衔接。第4题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B

43、能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第41题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant where they were going to have lunch after her appointment. She called to see if he was there. She said, “My husband has Alzheimers （老年痴呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me. Numerous th

44、oughts ran through my head. Call the police, call her family, and notify （通知）the doctors office she had just come from! But at first, I offered to drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.The elderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to.A、her husband with Alzh

45、eimersB、the nurse in the doctors officeC、a local restaurantD one of her family members【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant可知答案为C项。Helen由于担忧自己丈夫安危， 但又找不到人，情急之下先打 到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第42题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Certainly there are millions who need to los

46、e weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go

47、 on a diet to.A、keep fitB、have a body shape that all people will admireC、prolong life span20D、get ride of digestive system diseases【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人为了到达当前流行的体型（reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape）而不惜通过节食等方法减肥。因此选择B。第43题【单项选择题】There is a deadlock（僵局）in the discussion when ne

48、ither side gives to theother.A、a wayB、wayC、 the wayD、its way【正确答案】B【答案解析】译文：由于双方都不让步，讨论陷人了僵局。此题考查短语搭配, give way to意思为让路、让步。第44题【单项选择题】2008.04 The government finally all the documents relating to the war.A、releasedB、specializedC、realizedD、 supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。A “公开发表、公布或发布（新闻） B专 门从事、专攻 C意识到、领悟 D假定、猜测。整句话的意思是：政府最 终公布了与这场战争有关的全部