八年级英语下册第五单元课文讲解、知识点、练习.pdf

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1、八年级英语下册第五单元课文讲解、知识点、练习 Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?1.make sure 确信;确认 2.beat against.拍打 3.fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着 4.die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 5.wake up 醒来 6.in a mess 一团糟 7.break apart 使分离 8.in times of difficulty 在困难的时候 9.at the time of 当.时候 10.go off(闹钟)发出响声 11.take a hot shower 洗热水澡 12.

2、miss the bus 错过公交车 13.pick up 接电话 14.bring.together 使靠拢 15.in the area 在这个地区 16.miss the event 错过这个事件 17.by the side of the road 在路边 18.the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线 19.walk by 走路经过 20.make ones way to 在某人去的路上 21.hear the news 听到这个消息 22.important events in history 历史上的重大事件 23.for example 例如 24.be kille

3、d 被杀害 25.over 50 5 0 多(岁）26.a school pupil 一个小学生 27.on the radio 通过广播 28.in silence 沉默;无声 29.more recently 最近地;新近 30.the World Trade Center 世贸中心 31.take down 拆除;摧毁 32.have meaning to 对有意义 33.remember doing sth.记得做过某事 34.at first 首先;最初 二、重点句型 1.What were you doing at eightlast night?昨晚 8 点你在干什么？I was

4、 taking a shower.我在洗淋浴。2.When it began to rain,Ben washelping his mom make dinner.当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。3.What was Jenny doing while Lindawas sleeping?琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？While Linda was sleeping,Jenny washelping M a ry with her homework.琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。Section A 1.What were people doing yesterday at

5、 the time o f the rainstorm?昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么？【解析 1】过去进行时 过去进行时态 .用法：过去某个时间正在发生的动作 He was cooking at six last night.昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。过去某段时间正在发生的动作 I was staying here from March to May lastyear.去年从 3 月到 5 月，我一直呆在这里。.与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night/at that time=then/at thistime yesterday/或有 when t

6、he teacher came in/while he was reading 的提示 过去进行时的构成：waswere+现在分词 过去进行时的四个基本句型 肯定句 He was cooking at six last night.否定句 He was not cooking at six last night.一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night?两个回答 Yes,he was.No,he wasnt.特殊疑问句 What was he doing at six last night?过去进行时的固定句型 Jim was reading when th

7、e teacher came in.当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。Jim came in while Kate was watching TV.在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。请比较 He watched TV last night.（过去时间 lastnight,用一般过去时）He was watching TV at nine last night.(过去时间 last night+点时间 at nine,用过去进行时)【2013 浙江杭州】Sallytook

8、a photo of her friends while they _ computer games.A.play B.areplaying C.have played D.were playing【2013 黑龙江绥化】Myuncle _ books in the room at this time yesterday.A.wasseeing B.isreading C.was reading【2013 黑 龙 江 齐 齐 哈 尔 3】What _ you _ when thecaptain came in?A.are;doing B.did;do C.were;doing 巩固练习：用所给

9、动词的适当形式填空 1.Now Jimssister _(read)newspapers.2.He _(watch)TVat nine last night.3.He_(watch)TV last night.4.What_the twins _(do)then?5._Lily _(draw)a cat when the teacher camein?No,she _ 6._you_(have)supper at that time?7.Jack_(not read)a book at nine yesterday evening.8.Now Jim_(play)basketball on t

10、he playground（操场）.9.What _he _(do)at nine oclock last night.10.They_(listen)to the music at that time.11.When theteacher came in,the students _(read)the text.12.We_(watch)TV when suddenly the telephone rang.13.Her mother_(cook)while her father was watching TV.【解析 2】at the time of 在.的时候（常用于过去进行时）【解析

11、3】rainstorm n 暴风雨 raincoat 雨衣 raindrop 雨滴 2.My alarm didnt go off so I _ up late.我的闹钟没有响，因此我起晚了。【解析 1】alarm n 闹钟 an alarm clock 一个闹钟【解析 2】go off 发出响声,(闹钟)闹响，离开 The alarm wentoff just now.刚才警钟响了【短语】go over 复习 go away 离开 goby(时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步 gofishing/shopping/skating/swimming 去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游

12、泳()I waslate today because my alarm clock didnt_ A.run off B.go off C.give out D.give up【2011 广西南宁】Whata big storm last night!Yes.I was doing my homework.Suddenly,allthe lights in my house_.A.wentoff B.turned off C.took off D.got off【2011 山西中考】HowI wish could sleep longer!However,I had to get up as

13、soon as the alarm clock_.A.ran off B.went off C.took off I _for the bus when it began to rain heavily.当天开始下大雨的时候我_ 公交车【解析】heavily adv 在很大程度上 heavy adj.沉重的 How heavy are you?heavily adv 沉重地 The army lost heavily 形容风大的时候常用 strong/hard,形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard【2013 漳州】The sun is shining _.Youd better we

14、ar sunglasses while you are out.A.brightly B.lightly C.heavily【2013 黔西南】Sometimesit rains _in Guizhou in summer.A.heavily B.heavy C.strong D.Strongly【注】heavy 改 y 为 i+ly 变为 adv,类似的 adj 还有：hungry 饥饿的 hungrily happy 快乐的 happily angry 生气的 angrily lucky 幸运的 luckily 4.I _ to the bus stop but I still misse

15、d the bus.我_ 向公共汽车站但还是错过了公共汽车。【解析】miss v 错过(后接名词、代词或动车 ing）Be quick!Or you will miss the early bus.想念；思念 n 用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，“小姐；女生”()I_ the early bus and I had to wait for the next one on such a cold morning.Bad luck!A.missed B.caught C.followed D.left 5.I called atseven and you didnt pick

16、 up.我七点钟给你打电话，你没有接。【解析】pick up 接电话 pick up 接电话 Tom,I called you,but you didnt pick up 捡起；拾起 I pick up a wallet on my way home（开车）接某人 I will pick you up at the station He was picking up the skills quickly.学到；获得 得（病）；染上（疾病）【2012 陕西】The workers in the Huashan Mountains have to _ rubbish to keep the mou

17、ntains clean.A.turn up B.pick up C.mix up D.give up【2013 湖北武汉】Itseems that the aged people _ the H7N9 more easily from the recent case.A.pick up B.mix up C.set up D.use up 6.Thats strange.真奇怪【解析】strange adj.奇怪的 strangely adv 奇怪地 stranger n 陌生人 be strange to 对感到陌生 奇怪的 Its strange that she came to the

18、 party.strange 陌生的 He stands in a stranger street.7.With no light outside,it felt like midnight.外面没有一丝光亮，让人感觉这是在午夜。【解析 1】with+n+adv，在句中做伴随状语 She can see stars in the dark skywith the window open【解析 2】feel like doing sth=would like/want to do sth I feel like _(catch)a clod today.8.The news onTV repor

19、ted that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.电视新闻报道，这个地区有一场大暴雨。【解析】report v 报道 reporter n 记者 make a report 做报告 weather report 天气预报 give a report 作报告 Its reported that 据报道 I want to be a _(report)when Igrow up.9.so,when therainstorm suddenly came,what were you doing?那么，当暴风雨突然来临的时候，你正在做什么呢？10.I see.I ca

20、lled again at eight and you didnt answer then either.我八点钟又给你打电话，你也没有接。【解析 1】Isee.我知道了。（表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）()Itsbad for your eyes to read in the sun._.A.Im OK B.I dont know C.Im sorry D.I see【拓展】see sb.do sth 看到某人做某事 see sb.doing sth 看到某人正在做某事【解析 2】either 也【辨析】also/too/as well/either(1)also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实

21、义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。(2)too 也，用于肯定句句末(3)either 也，通常放于否定句末【练习】用 either,also,too,as well 填空 Tomcan sing this song.I can sing it,_.Tomcan sing this song,I can sing it _.Tomcan sing this song,I can _sing it.Tomcouldnt sing this song,I couldnt,_.（）He cant swim.I cant,_.A.too B.also C.either D.neither 11.

22、Bens dad wasputting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。【解析 1】while 当.的时候，表示的一个“时间段”，而 when一个表示时间点【2013 四川雅安】Amywas reading a book _ I came in.A.when B.while C.because D.though【2013 山东菏泽】_thechild

23、ren have fun,parents can take dance lessons on the beach.A.When B.If C.While D.Once【解析 2】make sure 确信；确保 make sure to do sth Please make sure to turn off the computer when you leave make sure of Do you know the time of the train?Youdbetter make sure of it.【2013 山东青岛】Therearent many tickets left for

24、the concert,youd better _that you get one today.A.make sure of B.make a decision C.make sure D.make plans【解析 3】work 运转；发挥作用 The madicine doesnt work.【拓展】work 有三个意思很容易弄混：表示“工作”，是不可数名词：He has too much work to do.他要做的工作太多。work-worker.表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数：He has read many of Hemingways works.表示“工厂”，只

25、用复数形式，但可表示单数意义：The glass works（=factory)isare near the station.玻璃工厂在车站附近。【2012 曲靖中考】My mother is a doctor,and my father is a _(work).12.Ben was helping his mom make dinner whenthe rain began to beat heavily against thewindows.当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。【解析 1】.beat 与 win 辨析 We beat them by the sco

26、re of 2 to 1.我们以 2:1 赢了他们。Which team won the football match?哪个对赢了那场足球赛？【解析 2】heavily 在很大程度上；大量地【拓展】heavy adj.重的（反）light heavily adv 猛烈地【注】形容雨雪下得大用 heavily/hard Itrained _(heavy),so he didnt go to work yesterday.()Sometimes it rains _ in Xianin summer.A.heavy B.heavily C.strong D.strongly【2012 广西玉林】P

27、eter is _ than you,right?Yes,but he is _ runner in ourclass.A.heavier;best B.heavy;the best C.heavier;the best D.heavy;better【2013 黔西南】Sometimes it rains _in Guizhou in summer.A.heavily B.heavy C.strong D.Strongly【解析 3】against 倚；碰；撞 表示“反对”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly：Are you for or against th

28、e plan?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对 表示位置，意为“靠着”、“顶着”、等：The teachers desk is against the wall.老师的办公桌靠墙放着。He stood leaning against the tree.他站着斜靠在墙上【2013 临沂】Mr.Wang is strongly _ keeping animals in the zoo,because he thinks animalsshould also enjoy freedom.A.up B.for C.against D.down【2013 青岛】Im_ build

29、ing a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animalsto live in.A.against B.on C.in D.for 13.Ben couldnot sleep at first.起初，本睡不着。【解析】at first 首先；最初【拓展】(1)at first=at the beginning 最初，开始【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】(2)first of all 首先，第一【表明陈述事情的重要性】()When you want to work for our country inthe fut

30、ure,_,we should have strong body and rich knowledge.A.at first B.first of all C.for the first time D.after all【山东德州】We can do a lot to stay healthy._,weshould eat a balanced(平衡的)diet.A.At a time B.In fact C.First of all D.All together 14.He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around

31、3:00 a.m 在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候，他终于睡着了。【解析 1】fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着【拓展】sleep/asleep 辨析：(1)sleep=be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态，(2)get to sleep=fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态(3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。【记】He went to bed at ten last night,but he didnt go to sleep until.He only fell asleep for 5 hours.()Jim,Where is your sister?

32、Oh，She is still in bed.A.going to bed B.in her bedroom C.sleeping D.sleepy【2013 江苏泰州】Davidfell _(sleep)in class because he stayed up too late last night.be asleep 强调睡着的状态 The baby is asleep fall asleep 强调入睡的动作 My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly()He found it was hard to get to sleepth

33、ose days.A.sleeping B.fall asleep C.be asleep【拓展】fall asleep,sleep,go to sleep,get to sleep,go to bed用法区别。fall asleep 属“连系动词+表语”结构，“入睡；睡着”，指进入梦乡，往往含有“不知不觉就睡着了“的意思。asleep 在此作表语形容词。He was just fallingasleep when there was a loud knock at the door.他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。sleep 指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。He likes t

34、o sleepfor an hour in the afternoon.他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。go to sleep 意为“入睡，睡着”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。I just want toclose my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible.我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。get to sleep 与 go to sleep 意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。She was tooexcited to get to sleep last night.她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。go to bed“就寝”，“上床睡觉”，指上床去睡这个

35、动作，与get up 相对应。The students in our school usually get upat six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening.我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。【解析 2】die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失【拓展】die down 与 die out 的用法区别：指火的熄灭时，用 die down 或 die out 皆可。die down 往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；die out 则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及 die down 用的

36、普遍。die down:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。die out:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。This kind of birdhas died out in the world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。15.When he woke up.the sun was rising 当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。【解析 1】wake up(v+adv)醒来；睡醒【2012 广东河源】_,Tom!Its time to get up and go to school.A.Wake up B.Make up C.Grow up D.Look up【2013 南京

37、中考】Whats wrong with you,Eric?You look tired.I_ to prepare for the final exam last night.A.picked up B.woke up C.stayed up D.put up【解析 2】rise 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起 rise 升起；上升主语自身移向较高位置 Price rose gradually raise举起；提高主语发出的动作作用于其他事物Lets raise our glasses to Tom.()Theriver _ two inches this morning.A.rose B.ra

38、ised C.are gettingup D.grow 16.Fallen trees,broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.到处都是倒下的树，破碎的窗户和垃圾。【解析 1】过去分词做定语 fallen leaves 落叶【解析 2】everywhere 处处，到处；各个地方 词条含义用法例句 everywhe re 处处；到处；各个 地方 可用于任何句 式 We have many friends everywhere in the world somewhe re 某个地方多用于肯定句 中 You can go somewhere you l

39、ike to.anywhere 任何地方否定句 You cant go anywhere 疑问句 Can I go anywhere I choose【2013 杭州】There has never been such a beautifulvillage _ in the world.A.anywhere B.everywhere C.somewhere D.nowhere【2013 无锡】We arrived at the station tooearly and had_ to go,so we sat there and chattedwith each other.A.somewhe

40、re B.anywhere C.everywhere D.nowhere【2013 杭州】Therehas never been such a beautiful village _in the world.A.anywhere B.everywhere C.somewhere D.nowhere 17.They joined the neighbors to help clean up theneigh hood together.他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫社区。【解析】join 加入；参加【辨析】join/join in/take part in(1)join=be a member o

41、f 参加,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。jointhe army/party 入伍/党 join the club 加入俱乐部 join in 后接活动名称 join sb.加入到某个人群之中(2)take part in 参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。()I suppose well goto plant trees next week.-Terrific!Planting treesis a lot of fun.Id like to _ you.A.visit B.join C.follow D.meet()Mary,would you like to_ this g

42、ame?Idlove to,but I have to finish _ the composition first.A.join in;to write B.attend;writing C.join;to write D.take part in;writing.【2013 天 津】He_an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.A.protected B.produced C.joined D.received 18.turn on the radio 打开收音机【解析】turn on 打开（反）turn o

43、ff 关掉【2013 嘉兴】Itstime for CCTV news.Lets _ the TV and watch it.A.turn on B.get on C.try on D.put on【2013 江苏】Its gettingdark.Please _ the light.A.turn on B.turn off C.turn down D.turn around【2013 湖南益阳】Theboy is sleeping.Please _the radio.A.turn up B.turn down C.turn on【2013河南】_alight when necessary.Y

44、ou will bring light to other people and yourself.A.Try on B.Get on C.Turn on D.Put on 19.When we got to the place of the accident,the carwas in bad shape from hitting a tree.当我们到达事故现场的时候，看到汽车由于撞在了树上，已经变了形。【解析】get to 到达 get got gotten v 得到【辨析】get/reach/arrive get to+地点=arrive in/at+地点=reach+地点（arrive

45、 at 接小地点）get on 上车 get up 起床 get used to 习惯于 get along with sb 与某人相处融洽 get together 相聚【2013 四川广安】Whenwill the plane _Shanghai?Sorry，Idont know.A.get B.arrive at C.reach【2013 江苏苏州】I used to quarrel a lot with my parents,but now we _ just fine together.A.get along B.get up C.get away D.get off Section

46、 B.1.Whatevent happened at the schoolyesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？【解析】happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生）(1)happen v“发生”没有被动语态，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性 sth.happen to sb.某事发生在某人身上 What happened to you?=What waswrong with him?sb.happen to do sth.某人碰巧做某事 She happened _(be)out when wecalled.(2)takeplace 举行，发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生 The sports m

47、eeting took placein our school last week.(3)It happened that碰巧()An accident _ at the school gate this morning.A.happened B.happened to C.took place D.took places()What happened _ the boy?A.with B.to C.at D.on()A serious bike accident _ her,and she was badlyhurt.A.happened to B.was happened to C.was

48、happing D.was happen()The accident took place on a cold night.A.took the place B.happened C.told D.hold()I happened _him last night.A.to meet B.meet C.meeting D.meets【2011?铜仁】Greatchanges _ in Tongren in the past five years.A.have happened B.have taken place C.have been happened D.have been taken pl

49、ace【2013 山东临沂】TheOlympic Games of 2016 will _ inBrazil.A.take after B.take off C.take place D.take away【2013 山东济南】Itshot today,isnt it?Yes,it is.Why not _ your jacket?A.takecare B.take place C.take after D.take off 2.Kate realized her bag was still at home.凯特意识到她的包还在家。【解析】realize v 意识到 realize+n she

50、 didnt realize her mistake.realize+从句 I didntrealize that you were so unhappy.3.Robert Allen isnow over 50,but he was aschool pupil at that time.罗柏特艾伦现在已经 50 多岁了，但那时候他还只是一名小学生。【解析】1.over=more than 超过;2.覆盖，在之上【2011 连云港】CanI join Oxfam Trailwalker?Only if you are _ eighteen.A.over B.on C.under D.below