《新视野大学英语读写教程》第三册【课文翻译及课后答案】.pdf

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1、新视野大学英语读写教程 第三册 Unit10【课文翻译及课后答案】1945 年 12 月 5 日下午两点，天气非常适合飞行，五架海军飞机从佛罗里达州东南部的一个海军飞行基地起飞，在大西洋上空作一次例行飞行训练。不到两小时，飞行指挥官用无线电报告说，他已完全迷失了方向。接着是一片寂静。一架救援飞机被派出去搜寻失踪的飞机，但同样，它也消失得无影无踪。尽管美国海军发动了有史以来范围最大的一次搜寻，动用了 300 多架飞机和几十艘战舰，依然一无所获，甚至没发现一点油迹漂在水上。这仅是众多有关百慕大三角的恐怖故事之一。百慕大三角是大西洋的一处神秘地带，大致范围从百慕大朝西南沿佛罗里达海岸再至波多黎各。由

2、于这里的天气异常，水手当中传说它是大西洋中的墓地。在过去的 30 年中，该三角已吞噬了近 1,000 名水手和飞机驾驶员的生命。当年克里斯托弗哥伦布进入这片大西洋的水域时，注意到白色的海水泛起一道道奇特的光。这些神奇的光带如今仍然可见，而且明亮得连在绕地球轨道飞行的美国飞船里都可以看到。这个三角地带通过三本畅销书、一部电视片和一个特别展览引起了公众极大的兴趣。这些研究之作都未能令人信服地解答百慕大三角之谜，但其中不乏有趣的理论。有些科学家和通俗作家居然猜测此三角地带是外星人为他们的动物园捕捉人类标本之地。不论真相如何，飞机和船只仍常常消失在这个三角地带。1947 年 7 月 3 日，一架美国空

3、军飞机消失在百慕大附近 100 英里的地方，事先没有任何遇难警示。随后立即展开了范围宽达 100,000 平方英里的海面搜索，但没有发现一片失踪飞机的残骸。1948 年 1 月 30 日，一架英国飞机消失在该三角地带上空，机上有 31 名乘客和机组人员。一年后，失踪飞机的姊妹机也消失了。72 架搜索飞机加上几十艘船，都没能找到失踪飞机的任何踪影。被这神秘三角吞噬的最大的船只之一，是一艘 500 英尺的运煤船，它于 1918 年 3 月 4 日消失。调查发现没有恶劣天气的迹象，没有求救信号，没有船只残骸，也没有船上 309 人的踪迹。更怪的是，无数鬼船被人发现漂浮在三角区域内，船上却杳无人迹。1

4、881 年一个诡异的日子里，货轮艾伦奥斯丁号发现了一艘小帆船，帆在风中无望地飘动。船长通过望远镜看见甲板上没有人。船上载满了木材，但没有人类生命的迹象。艾伦奥斯丁号的船长组织了一组新的船员去开船。可是，两天以后，一场暴风雨使两艘船一时间失散了。当船长再次登上那艘船时，他发现自己的船员都失踪了。他又派去了一组船员，之后这船又在大雾中迷失了方向。这一次，除了船员，连船也不见了踪影。而美国海军官方并不承认此三角区为危险地带，他们相信（三角地带的）大多数失踪事件，都应归咎于该地区独特的环境特征。这其中包括墨西哥湾的湍急海流，尚未探测的大西洋海沟，以及该神秘区域经常变幻莫测的恶劣天气。除此之外，此三角是

5、地球上惟一的两个罗盘指针指向真正北方而不是磁极北方的地段之一，这就造成了航行上的麻烦。那里的怪事、奇事层出不穷，魔鬼三角的作者理查德文纳说。他这本书从三个月前出版以来，已经售出了 50 万册。但是我相信，所有的答案都归于人为失误、机械故障、怪异的大气活动或者异常的磁场现象。与此相反，另一家政府部门的官员报告：迄今为止，还没人对失踪事件做出合理的解释。由于这些不确定的因素，个人调查者往往寻求较为荒诞的解释。一名作者认为，外星人在三角区内尚未被考察的大西洋海底建立了高度发达的文明。他相信大部分失踪的船只和船员可能依然被陈列在那里，供那些高级智能生命研究。该作者指出，这听起来很荒唐，除非你意识到它是

6、惟一能涵盖所有事实的解释。所有这些和其他理论都在查尔斯伯利茨的新书百慕大三角里得到研究。伯利茨对传说中消失的岛屿亚特兰蒂斯很感兴趣，他扩展了这一学说，认为曾是亚特兰蒂斯发电机的巨型太阳能水晶现在就在海底。按照他的理论，过往的船只或飞机时不时会触动那块水晶，于是它会干扰它们的仪器，把它们吸入海底。为了检验这些理论，有一家机构计划派遣 300 名通灵人士和科学家前往百慕大三角。这些研究人员希望能与任何可能居住在海底的高级智能生命接触。生命之旅 我登上世界上最新式的喷气式战斗机 F-16 的后座，此时云层正笼罩在我们空军基地的上空，但我知道，很快我将升至云端之上，那里阳光灿烂。一名机械师帮我系上降落

7、伞背带，插上能让我在 35,000 英尺高空呼吸和谈话的机械系统。当你拉动 G 服时，他提醒我道（G 指的是重力），你的重力服就会自动充气。我当然希望如此。在重力如此之大的环境中执行任务，要是我的重力服失灵，我就没命了。遇到紧急情况，他说，就拉动你两腿之间的手柄。你座位下的火箭会把你连同座位一起弹出机舱。你的降落伞也会自动打开。分手时，机械师还禁不住开了个玩笑：如果你非用逃生设备不可，而它又不灵，那就把它带回来好了，我们负责换一个。在我设法坐得舒服些时，驾驶员帕特里克汉密尔顿少校上了飞机，开始给飞机电脑编程。然后，我的耳中传来他通过麦克风发出的指令：如果你准备好了，我们就出发。引擎轰鸣着发动起

8、来，强大的涡轮机发出的声音可以把死人吵醒。我们要飞入空中做实战演习。我期待着我的生命之旅，而且理由很充分：F-16 是个造价 2,000 万美元的硬家伙，马力大到能以两倍的音速飞行。在急转弯和俯冲后拉升时，它能达到超重 9 倍，也就是重力的 9 倍，让一个体重 200 磅的男子重达近 1 吨。飞机沿着水泥地面呼啸着，猛地把我压向椅背。几秒钟后，我们的速度就达到了每小时 145 英里。飞机像离膛的子弹射入空中，很快我们升到了 2,000 英尺的高空，并在继续爬升。F-16 可以垂直向上飞，能旋转、俯冲、转弯、爬升、翻滚，能像鹰一样优雅地翻筋斗。可是，携带着演习炸弹和 8,000 磅汽油，这架主要

9、用铝合金制造的飞机重达 15 吨左右。控制这架精密的机器和它所携带的众多武器，就像玩一个备有几十个按钮、价值百万的电子游戏。这些控制装置非常灵敏，汉密尔顿少校说，它们几乎就是驾驶员身体的延伸。不到五分钟，我们就升到了 35,000 英尺的高度。由于速度几近音速，我们把引擎的轰鸣声甩在了后面，几乎没有速度或飞行的感觉，也察觉不到飞机冲破声障时发出的隆隆声。飞行之旅激动人心而又平和安详，窗外的景色非常美丽：头上是一片蓝色的天海，身下铺着雪白的云毯。坐在透明的机舱内，我们觉得温暖而舒适，然而外面却是一个截然不同的世界。大气温度为零下 30 摄氏度，空气稀薄得无法呼吸。在我们的身后，拖着一道道白色的尾

10、巴，那是我们的排气口放出的热气与低于零度的大气相遇而形成的。我们的目标区在向北 250 英里处。有几分钟，我们将直线飞行，所以汉密尔顿少校把控制装置交给我。可别做异想天开的事，他警告说。天哪！我想起了所有那些愿意用一个月的薪水来换取我现在的位置的驾驶员。我把飞机向右拐，但用力过大，变成了急转弯。于是我做了纠正，握紧操纵杆转向左边。这就是我做的所谓异想天开的事。水平直线驾驶 F-16 非常简单。在战争中驾驶并控制好那些复杂的武器系统则需要更加地专心。驾驶员必须能控制一整套设备，包括机灯、仪表盘、手柄、数字显示器和其他电子设备。我通过麦克风发表了自己的看法：驾驶这架飞机，你得是个工程师或者是名计算

11、机科学家。那当然有用，汉密尔顿少校说。但他又补充道：可你无须知道各部件是怎样组装的，只要知道系统怎样操作就行了。就算是只猴子，也能开这架飞机。突然，我们听到指挥官说发现敌机。我们开始行动，从 35,000 英尺的空中迅速向下俯冲。我做好了准备，知道我们将会拉动 G 服。当重力仪表显示 6.2 时，我就再也不能把脚从地板上抬起来了。毫无疑问，重力服现在重达 100 英磅。血液从我的头部直往脚底冲，我的视线开始模糊。我的 G 服现在已经充满了气，紧紧地压住我的双腿，逼迫血液流回身体的上半部。飞机不停地旋转、拐弯、翻滚、爬升和俯冲，不停地把我从一边甩到另一边。我不知道怎么做了。事实上，我是在坚持着。

12、在我们执行任务的过程中，并没有飞机真正被击落。但是和录像机相连的摄像机已经将行动记录到了录像带上。击中或脱靶由电脑确定，我们将在飞行后的讨论会上观看并评价这一过程。尽管少校开玩笑说，驾驶 F-16 是件多么容易的事，然而事实是，驾驶这架飞机的飞行员必须是专家才行。而且为了承受高度超重力运动所产生的力，他的身体状况也必须是一流的。在汉密尔顿少校把我们的飞机轻巧地降下时，我非常庆幸飞机的飞行员是他，而不是只猴子。他的确给了我一次生命之旅。轻松打的 旅行专家斯泰西拉威尔阿巴伯内尔说，只要观光客懂得规矩，在世界任何地方坐出租车旅行都很安全。在某些城市里，有人走近你，并主动提出载你一程，这是很常见的。通

13、常，他们是想赚些外快的当地人，而不是经过安全训练、受过背景考察、持有运营执照的出租车驾驶员。这些人可能非常咄咄逼人，有位旅行者警告说，而你也需要咄咄逼人才行。像在南美这样的地方，通常你会被一圈人围住，他说：我高昂着头，径直走向我看中的出租车，然后问，这是谁的车？避免碰上非法出租车的一个办法，就是熟悉观光地表示有照出租车的标志，并了解不同的车子以及/或者不同的牌照颜色所代表的含义。比如，在墨西哥城辨认出租车有一个三级体系。橙白相间的是最舒适的四门轿车，还带有计程器。绿白相间的就低一个档次，但也有计程器。黄白相间的更低一级，没有计程器，因此一定要在开车前商定好价钱。一旦你找好了出租车，启程费、路程

14、费和其他费用问题就随之而来。在有些国家，所有出租车都装有计程器，政府控制着价格，所以不会有多少问题。但在另一些地区，你会发现尽管车上装有计程器，司机却不愿意使用。遇上这样的情况，如果你知道有计程器，最好的办法就是坚持要求使用。虽然计程器不会总是显示正确的车费，（有时司机不诚实，会改装计程器让它们跑得更快，）但你也别指望司机的报价会更便宜。因此，如果你找的司机坚持说他或她的计程器不能用，那就另找一辆出租车。可是，遇上的确没有计程器的国家该怎么办呢？有两种方法可供选用。一是在上车前商量好价钱。在俄罗斯，这是惟 一使用的办法。你叫来一辆出租车，车来了后别急着上车，一位有经验的游客说，司机会俯身靠在乘

15、客一端的窗口，你告诉他你要到哪里去，然后商量价钱。但另一个人在他的拉丁美洲之行中却采用了不同的方法。他那从不问价的策略是这样操作的：在机场时，我向三四个人打听到我的目的地要花多少钱，他解释说，我从不问司机要多少钱，只照别人告诉我的少付一些。如果不够，司机会告诉你。车费真要是比你以为的多，你就得考虑该做何选择了。当然，差价悬殊可能使你和司机争论起来。但是，有位旅客强调说，考虑到兑换率，这一差价就没有几个钱了。她说：选择一下是否要和司机吵架，为 25 或 50 美分吵架值不值得呢？在很多情况下，你认为有假的价格其实是合法的额外费用。例如，在法国叫车，计程器会从出租车的所在地开始计算，等它到达时，计

16、程器上已标示10 美元了。在澳大利亚和新加坡，电话叫车要收取额外费用。在伦敦和新加坡还有种午夜后收费，这就是为什么新加坡的出租车在晚上 11:30 后就消失，直到半夜后才又出现的原因。还有些城市要求支付行李附加费。大致了解一个城市乘坐出租车的习惯也可以使你的旅程更加愉快。比如，德国人，特别是男性乘客，习惯和司机并排坐在汽车前座。这在澳大利亚也很常见。在墨西哥，如果司机在载你的过程中再接乘客，也不要感到吃惊。在泰国，坐在后座的乘客被劝告不要把脚搁在自己身前的座位上，因为司机觉得这很粗鲁（脚被认为是身体上最低等、最肮脏的部分）。日本的出租车都有自动开门关门的设备。有个日本人就警告说：别站得离门太近

17、，要不会打着你的。坐在新加坡的出租车里，不要被铃声吓着，那只是个信号，警告司机车已经超过限制速度了。如果你一定要到出租车稀少的偏僻地区旅游，或者你一天中打算做多次停留，你会发现包租全天或半天的出租车更方便、更便宜。租用宾馆外的出租车一般最可靠，但也最昂贵。如果你是在一个要担心安全的国家旅游，那就坚持用宾馆的出租车。而在其他地方，你可以和街上的司机做一笔好交易。如果你打算和某一个司机相处好长一段时间，事先要计划好，以保证当天顺利。例如，在亚洲国家，要请人把你的目的地和方向用亚洲文字写下来。Basic Listening Practice 1.Script W:Let me recommend m

18、y brother to you.Hes really done well in the stock market over the last few years.M:The real question is this:How have you dine by taking his advice?Q:What does the man mean?2.Script M:Many investors jump on IPOs,hoping to get rich by getting into a stock early before it goes up.W:But isnt that a bi

19、t like buying a book without reading it?I mean,what if it doesnt go up?Q:What is the womans opinion?3.Script W:The Dow was down again today.It s hard to make money when high fuel prices are killing the stock market.M:Theres still money to be made.If you bought oil futures three months ago,youd be sm

20、iling right now.Q:What can we learn from the dialog?4.Script M:I cant wait to get back to my computer.Online share trading has totally changed the stock market and the lives of investors.Hook up to the Internet and be your own broker!W:In other words you can cut out the middle man now.For about 500,

21、you can open an account and begin buying and selling shares from your own home,24 hours a day.Q:Which of the following is true if they want to trade shares on the Internet?5.Script M:Hold onto your hat!Well be rich.Im buying shares in a new company.M:You cant buy IPO shares unless you have a big act

22、ive with a broker.The day of dot-com fortunes from IPOs are over.Q:According to the conversation,what is the condition for buying IPO shares.1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C Listening In Task 1:Tell me about the stock exchange.Script George:Im supposed to give a presentation on the stock exchange,but I dont yet

23、know a thing about it.Could you give me some tips?Diana:The problem with you is that youve skipped too many classes.Now,let me give you a few tips.First of all,you need to define the stock exchange.Its an organization of brokers and investment bankers.In Europe it is often called a bourse.George:Cou

24、ld you tell me more about it?Like,how does it work?Diana:It provides facilities for the trading of company stocks,mainly the location and the record-keeping devices.George:Can I go and trade there?Diana:It depends.You have to be a member of the exchange before you can buy and sell shares there.They

25、call it having“a seat”on the exchange.George:Something they use the term“stock market”.Diana:Well,the trading of stock on stock exchanges is called the stock market.George:How can a company be listed on the stock exchange?Diana:It has to meet certain requirements.To be listed on the New York Stock E

26、xchange last year,for example,a company had to have issued at least a million shares of stock worth16 and had to have had more than 2.5 million net income.George:Wow,thats a huge sum!Small companies havent got a chance.Diana:Big companies have more influence on the stock prices after all.George:I se

27、e what you mean.Stock exchange a thing some tips define investment bankers Europe a member stock market requirements a million shares net income Task 2:Stockbroker helps Mr.Junkie to short Script ABC stock reached155.“155”for a stock that should be valued at100.Wow!“Thats it,”I said to myself.“Its t

28、ime I make a decision.I m going to short that stock.”I thought to myself,“This stock is overvalued.It cant remain at the present level for long.This means money in the bank.”So I phoned my broker.“I want to place a trade.I want to short 1,500 shares of ABC.“Im sorry,Mr.Junkie,”he said,“I cant proces

29、s that for you.Your account is cash account.You need a margin account to short a stock.I can send you the application form or you nearest financial institution to fill out the forms.”The minute I got of the phone,I heard out the door because time is money.I ran to the financial institution to fill o

30、ut the form and sent it to the broker by express mail service.Next morning I called him.“Hello,its Mr.Junkie.Did you get my application?“Yes.”“Great,I would like to short ABC then.”“One minute pleaseIm sorry,Mr.Junkie,but you now need a shorters account.”“What!You mean the margin account isnt enough

31、?”“No,you also need a shorters account.Any financial institution nearby has the forms.”Off I ran again.I completed the form and had a taxi deliver to my broker.In the afternoon I called again.“Hello,its Mr.Junkie.I want to short 1,500 shares of ABC at 155.”A few moments later he answered,“Mr.Junkie,

32、I am sorry,but I dont think that is possible.”“Why not?”“Well,the last trade went through at 99.”F 1.The broker did not believe ABC stock could remain at 155 for long.T 2.Mr.Junkie wanted to short 1,500 shares of ABC.T 3.Mr.Junkie could get a margin account through either a financial institution or

33、his broker.T 4.To short a stock,one needs both a margin account and a shorters account.F 5.Mr.Junkie asked a taxi driver the forms for a margin account to the broker.Task 3:Who am I if I own stocks?Script When a person buys stocks in a company,that person becomes a shareholder in that company.Stockh

34、older is another name for shareholder.A shareholder can also be called an investor of the company.When that company makes money,which can also be called earned income or profit,the value of the company s stock often increases.That s because more people may become interested in investing in the compa

35、ny.Sometimes,shareholders receive a dividend,which is part of the companys earned incomes,in the form of a cash payment.Some people try to make money by buying and selling stocks.Stock prices can move up and down.Shareholders may make money or lose money by selling stocks that they own,depending on

36、whether the price has gone up or down since they bought their shares.A companys stock price may be affected by market or economic conditions.For example,let s say that BCD Enterprises is a software company that has introduced a new video game into the market.If that game is a hit,sales of the video

37、game could boost the companys earnings.Because of the potential for BCD Enterprises to grow,its stock may be viewed as an attractive investment and its stock price may go up as more people buy its shares.On the other hand,lets say the video game that BCD Enterprises introduced is a flop.Or,it could

38、be a good time,but BCD introduced it at a time when people are spending less on leisure products,and hardly anyone is buying the game.So its reported that BCD is losing money because of this new product.Then the stock price for BCD Enterprises may go down if a number of shareholders decide to sell t

39、heir shares.1.What is the passage mainly concerned with?C)The influence of shareholders buying and selling on a company.2.Which of the following is NOT the same as a shareholder?B)A person selling shares on behalf of others.3.What may affect a companys stock price?D)All of the above.4.According to t

40、he passage,which of the following is true if a companys product is good?A)The companys stock price may go up.5.Why does the speaker mention BCD Enterprises?D)BCD is used as an example to illustrate the stock market principles Speaking Out MODEL 1 The stock market is driven by fear and greed.Chris:No

41、ra!Nora:Hey Chris.Why the big grin?You look like the cat that swallowed the canary.Chris:Even better.An uncle I hardly knew passes away and left an inheritance of 100,000.So now Im thinking of making some investments.Nora:Good idea,thouh it would be more fun if we spent it together.What sort of inve

42、stment do you have in mind?Chris:The stock market is looking attractive.Its been a bear market for several years now,and I think stock prices are pretty depressed.Nora:The decling market has investors depressed,too.Chris:But all things work in cycles.A bear market will eventually be followed by a bu

43、ll market.Nora:Thats sure.Ive been reading that investors are coming back to the market,and that will drive up the value of stocks.Chris:I believe the market is picking up.Nora:But theres still a risk.Wars,weather problemsall these impact incestors confidence.Chris:I know what you mean.The stock mar

44、ket is driven by fear snd greed.When investors are cinfident od making of a fortune,they buythats greed at work.Nora:But along comes something to shake their confidence Chris:Like a rise in interest rates,for example,and bingo,they become afraid that they might lose their shares,so they pull out of

45、the market.Now Your Turn A:Ive saved a lot of money over the past years,and now Id like to invest it for a profit.B:What sort of investment do you have in mind?A:The stock market is looking attractive.Its been a bear market for several years now,and I think stock prices are pretty depressed.B:The fa

46、lling market has discouraged many investors.A:But all things work in cycles.A bear market will eventually be followed by a bull market.B:Thats true.When the market does touch its bottom,it ll rebound.A:I hope the investors will soon come back to the market and drive it up.B:But therere still risks.W

47、ars,weather problemsall these affect buyers confidence.Were not sure if the market has reached its bottom.A:The bear market has lasted over four years;I think its time for it to pick up.B:Its really hard to say.The Japanese stock market has had a bear run of about ten years.A:Really?B:And when NASDA

48、Q fell from 5,000 points to 3,000 points,some people believe it was a golden opportunity to enter the market.Then the market plunged.A:So the stock market is really risky.I may lose money.B:And maybe even your shirts.A:Well,perhaps Id better put my money on the bank.The stock has to be launched.Hele

49、n:You know,this has been a privately owned company since we first opened last year and,to be honest with you,Im inclined in keeping in that way.Bill:But the market is changing rapidly,and we need to think long term and take proactive measure;otherwise,well find ourselves behind the competition.Helen

50、:Thats a good point;perhaps I should be more openminded about this.Bill:Dont you think youre a little short of funds at the moment?Helen:Thats true.Bill:You simply cant afford to upgrade your facilities without considerable outside investment.The bank wont lend you the money.Helen:I havent tried it.