16中考英语语法专题复习状语从句的用法(知识讲解、巩固练习).pdf

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1、中考英语语法专题复习：状语从句的用法 【用法讲解】考试要求：状语从句概念：用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语，用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。引导状语从句的连接词是从属连词，状语从句可以在句首，也可以在句尾。中考主要考查状语从句的类型有：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句及比较状语从句等。1.时间状语从句：时间状语从句在主句中表示时间，常用连接词有：when（当时），while（当时），as（当时），before（在之前），after（在之后），since（自从），notuntil（直到才），as

2、soon as（一就），once（一旦就）等。例如：I didnt go to bed until I finished my homework.我直到做完作业才去睡觉。I can listen to the radio while I work.我可以边听收音机边工作。(1)时间状语从句中，一般要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如：I will telephone you when he comes.他来时，我会给你打电话。Ill stay here until you come back.我会呆在这里，直到你回来。(2)when 引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从

3、句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。例如：He was working when I went in.我进去时他正在工作。When she heard the news,she began to cry.她听到这个消息，她哭了起来。(3)while 引导的状语从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词，意思是“在期间”。while 还可以表示两者之间的对比关系。They rushed in while we were singing.我们唱歌时，他们冲进来。I like playing football,while Tom likes listening to mu

4、sic.我喜欢踢足球，而汤姆喜欢听音乐。(4)as 引导状语从句，强调同时发生，不分先后。可以译成“随着”或“一边一边”。例如：John sings as he walks home.约翰一边往家走一边唱歌。(5)since 引导状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。We have been friends since we met in Beijing.自从我们在北京遇到就一直是朋友。It has been six years since she left school.自从她毕业已经有六年了。(6)until/till 引导时间状语从句，当主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，主句常用否

5、定形式，not until 意思为“直到才”。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。2地点状语从句：地点状语从句在主句中表示地点。其连接词有 where（哪里），wherever（无论哪里）等。例如：Put it where you find it.把它放在原来的地方。You can sit wherever you like.你喜欢坐在哪里就坐在哪里。3.原因状语从句：原因状语从句在主句中表示原因或者理由。其连接词有：because（因为），as（因为），since（既然）等。例如：I often eat c

6、arrots because they are good for my health.我经常吃胡萝卜是因为对我的身体有好处。As I dont know the way,I had to ask the policeman.由于我不知道路，所以我不得不问警察。(1)because 表示因果关系语气最强，常用来回答 why 提出的问题。I didnt tell them because they were too young.我没有告诉他们，因为他们太小。(2)because 和 so 不能同在一个句子里。Because the book was expensive,I didnt buy it

7、.(I 前不用 so)4.结果状语从句：结果状语从句在主句中表示结果。其连接词有：sothat（如此以至于），such that（如此以至于）等。例如：Its such a good chance that you cant miss it.这次机会如此好，你不能失去它。注意：sothat 和 such that 都可以引导结果状语从句，注意so 和 such 后面所接的词不同。(1)such.that sucha(an)形容词单数可数名词that 从句 such形容词复数名词/不可数名词that 从句 例如：He was such an honest man that he was prai

8、sed by the teacher.他非常诚实，因而受到了老师的表扬。They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.这些小说非常有趣，我想再读一遍。(2)但是如果名词前由 many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰，则用 so。例如：He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了很多跤，以至于全身上下青一块，紫一块的。(3)so.that so形容词副词.that 从句 so形容词a(an)单数可数名词that 从句

9、 例如：He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。Dr.Wang is so good that everybody loves and respects him.=He is so good a doctor that everybody loves and respects him.=He is such a good doctor that everybody loves and respects him.他是一位好医生，大家都尊敬并爱戴他。5.目的状语从句：目的状语从句在主句中表示目的。其连接词有：s

10、o（以便），so that（为了），in order that（为了）等，从句中多用情态动词 can,will,may,should 等。例如：He got up very early so that he could catch the first train.他起床很早以便于赶第一班火车。I will run slowly so that you can catch up with me.我慢慢跑以便你能赶上我。6.条件状语从句：条件状语从句在主句中表示条件。其连接词有：if（如果），unless（如果不，除非），as long as（只要）等。例如：If it is fine tomor

11、row,we will go swimming.如果明天天气好的话我们去游泳。注意：在条件状语从句中，一般要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如：Unless it rains,the game will be played.（=If it doesnt rain,the game will be played.）如果不下雨，比赛就将进行。As long as you tell truth,Ill try to help you.只要你说出真相，我就尽力帮助你。7.让步状语从句：常由 though/although(虽然)，even if/though(即使)等引导，但

12、though/although不能和 but 同时出现在一个句子里。例如：Though its hard work,I enjoy it.（=Its hard work,but I enjoy it.）尽管这是一件艰苦的工作，但我乐意做。Though/Although it was raining，we went there.虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那儿。She wont leave the TV set even though/even if suppers on the table.即使晚饭已摆在桌上，她也不愿意离开电视机。【例题精讲】1.Mrs.Li,will you be angry

13、 your students dont obey the rules in class?A little.But I will stop them in a friendly way.A.if B.unless C.though 2.jeans were invented over 100 years ago,theyre still in fashion today.A.Because B.If C.Although D.Since 3.The teacher asked me to read aloud all the students could hear me.A.so that B.

14、for C.because D.in order to 4.The air pollution is terrible.It will be worse we take action to protect the environment.A.if B.unless C.until D.when 5.Lin Feng has to work late,she always wears a smile on her face.A.Because B.If C.Until D.Though 6.In summer milk will quickly go bad it is put into a f

15、ridge.A.though B.unless C.because D.once 7.I dont like TV series its boring Abut Band Cbecause 8.Mr.Smith has a habit of taking a shower he has breakfast.A.though B.before C.because D.since 9Youd better travel around Nanjing with a local tour guide you want to know more about its culture.Aunless Bun

16、til Calthough Dif 10.Pandas are facing danger!The situation wont change humans stop killing Aunless Bthough Cif Dafter 11.Jenny,will you leave for the USA now?No.It will be two weeks I leave here.A.until B.since C.before D.when 12.my cousin is very young,she can help with the housework A.Once;不填 B.T

17、hough;but C.Although;不填【答案与解析】1.A。句意：李老师，如果你的学生不遵守课堂纪律你会生气吗？有点儿。但我会用一种友好的方式去阻止他们。if 如果；unless 除非；though 尽管，引导让步状语从句。根据句意可知答案为 A 项。2.C。句意：尽管牛仔裤在 100 多年前就被发明出来了，但是它们今天仍然很流行。because 因为；if 如果；although 尽管；since 自从。根据句意可知选择C 项。3.A。句意:老师叫我读大声一点，这样的话，所有的学生都可以听得到。这是一个结果状语从句，所以排除 B、C 项；D 选项 in order to 后面接短语，

18、故选A。4.B。句意：空气污染很糟糕。它将变得更糟糕，除非我们采取行动保护环境。if 如果；unless 除非，如果不；until 直到；when 当时候。根据语境选 B 项。5.D。句意：虽然林芳不得不工作到很晚，但她总是面带微笑。because 因为；if 如果；until 直到；though 虽然。根据句意选 D 项。6.B。though 尽管；unless 除非，如果不；because 因为；once 曾经。根据句意“在夏季，牛奶如果不放在冰箱中，会很快变坏”，结合 unless=if not，引导条件状语从句，可知选 B。7.C。句意为：我不喜欢看电视连续剧，因为它太无聊。由句意可知

19、，空格前后是因果关系。because 引导原因状语从句，符合题意，故选 C。8.B。句意：史密斯先生有在吃早饭前洗澡的习惯。though 虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句；before 在之前，引导时间状语从句；because 因为，引导原因状语从句；since 自从，引导时间状语从句。根据句意可知选 B。9.D。句意：如果你想更多地了解南京的文化，最好能和本地的导游一起游览南京。unless 除非；until 直到；although 虽然；if 如果。根据句意可知选 D 项。10.A。句意为：熊猫正面临危险!如果人们不停止猎杀，这种情况不会改变。unless 意为“除非，如果不”，符合题意。故选

20、 A。11.C。句意：珍妮，你现在要出发去美国吗？不，我离开这里还有两周的时间。根据句意 Jenny 不会现在离开去美国，所以应该是在走前还有两个星期。until 直到为止；since 自从；when 当时候，before 比较符合题意，故选 C。12.C。句子是表示“虽然，但是”的复合句，英语表达中，不能同时出现“though/although”和“but”，只能用其中一个。【巩固练习】I单项选择。1Tom will call me as soon as he _ home.Agets Bhas got Cgot Dwill get 2We wont start the meeting _

21、our teacher arrives.Athough Buntil Cwhile Dor 3We will have no water to drink _ we dont protect the earth Auntil Bbefore C though Dif 4Jane,please turn off the lights _ you leave the classroom.Aafter Bbefore Cuntil Dbut 5.While she TV in the sitting room,the bell .A.watches,rings B.is watching,rang

22、C.was watching,rang D.watched,was ringing 6.She was busy,she couldnt go to your birthday party last night.A.so B.and C.or D.but 7.Dont cross the road the light turns green.A.when B.while C.until D.as 8.She will find him a kind man when she more about him.A.knows B.know C.will know D.is going to know

23、 9.It is ten years I left my hometown.A.since B.if C.whether D.until 10.I was cooking he was reading a book.A.after B.while C.because D.but 11.She worked quietly that no one knew she was there.A.so,as B.so,that C.too,to D.very,that 12.I to bed last night until my father came back.A.went B.didnt go C

24、.had gone D.would go 13.I him since we met last in 1981.A.dont see B.didnt see C.wont see D.havent seen 14.We wont give up _we should fail ten times.A.even if B.since C.whether D.until 15.The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is raining II.根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。1.虽然他贫穷，

25、但至少他诚实。_he is poor,he is _honest.2.即使明天天气不好，约翰还想去。_ the weather is bad tomorrow,John _ go.3.不要要我解释，除非你真得不懂。Dont ask me _ you really dont understand.4.快点！否则你就错过火车了。Hurry up,_ you _the train.5.自从我 1990 年搬家到这，就住在这个城市里。We _in this city _ I moved here in 1990.6.你决定当你长大时想干什么了吗？Have you decided _you want t

26、o be _ you grow up?7.不要着急，我得到信息就给你打电话。_,Ill phone you_ I get the news.8.昨天直到警察来，那个醉汉才离开车站。The drunk man _the station _ the police came yesterday.【答案与解析】I.单项选择。1.A。句意为“Tom 一到家就会给我打电话的”。本题考查时问状语从句。主句为一般将来时，as soon as 引导的是时间状语从句要用一般现在时，故答案为A 项。2.B。句意为“直到老师到了我们才会开始开会”。本题考查连词的用法。not.until.意为“直到才”。3.D。句意为

27、“如果我们不保护地球，我们将没有水喝”。until 直到；before在之前；though 尽管，虽然；if 如果。四个选项中 D 符合句意。4.B。句意为“Jane，离开教室前请关灯”。after 在之后；before 在之前；until 直到；but 但是。根据句意应选 B。5.C。本题是由 while 引导的状语从句，强调的是“正在看电视时，门铃响了”，所以从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。答案为 C。6.A。前面一句是说明理由“她很忙”，才产生后面的结果“不能参加你的生日晚会。”答案是 A。7.C。如果主句用否定形式，从句用肯定形式，表示“直到才”，并且主句的谓语动词为非延续行动词（

28、如：leave，start，come，see，go to bed 等），表示这一动作直到某时才开始发生，故选择C。8.A。在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来意义。9.A。在英语里，有一些非延续性的动词，他们只是一瞬间就结束的动作，如：come，go，arrive，reach，see，hear，close，leave，begin，start，lose，buy，fall，join，die，get up 等，用 It is since的句型来表达目前存在的一种状态。故正确答案为 A。10.B。由 while 引导的从句表示某个动作还在进行的同时，另一个动作也在进行之中。故正确答案为 B。11

29、.B。sothat意为“如此以至于”，表示结果，故正确答案为 B。12.B。在 notuntil句式中，意为“直到才”，句意为“直到爸爸回来，我才上床睡觉”。13.D。由 since 引导的一般过去时从句，可知主句要用现在完成时。句意为“自从 1989 年我们最后一次相见，就没有再相见过”。14.A。句意为“即使我们失败十次，我们都不会放弃在”。even if 意为“即使”引导让步状语从句。15.B。考查 if 引导的条件状语从句。如果主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来的意义。II.根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。1.Although/Though；at least 2.Even thou

30、gh/Even if,will want to 3.to explain unless 4.or,will miss 5.have lived，since 6.what,when 7.Dont worry,as soon as 8.didnt leave,until 中考英语语法专项复习状语从句 考点分析 状语从句是也是中考的一个重要知识点,题型多以单项选择,完形填空，词语运用，语法填空中,分值在 2 分左右，所以也要尽可能的掌握这一知识点.知识梳理 状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。各类状语从句连接

31、词（短语）一览表：时间 when,while,as,as soon as,since,until,after,before 条件 if,unless 原因 as,because,since 地点 where 目的 so that,in order that 结果 so that,sothat,suchthat 让步 though,although,even if,however 方式 as 比较 than,(not)asas,时间状语从句：Whenever he comes,he brings a friend.他每次来都带个朋友。条件状语从句：As long as I am alive,I

32、will go on studying.只要我活着，我就要学习。原因状语从句：Since we live near the sea,we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。地点状语从句：Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。目的状语从句：Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。结果状语从句：He was so angry that he couldnt say a word.他气得说不出话了。让步状语从句：Though he is

33、 in poor health,he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。方式状语从句：Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。比较状语从句：The work isnt as easy as I thought.这项工作比我想象得难。【辨析】易混引导词 while,when,as 的区别：when 既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用，也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（=while）。如：When he came in,his mother was cooking.When(While)we were at school,w

34、e went to the library every day.While 表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如：Please dont talk so loud while others are working.As 与 when 用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有“随着”或“一边一边”之意。如：As you get older,you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。2because,as,since 的区别：Because 用于表示直接原因,回答 why 提出的问题，语气最强；As 用于说明原因,着重点在

35、主句，常译成“由于”；since 表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成“既然”。如：Water is very important because we cant live without it.He didnt come yesterday as his mother was ill.Ill do it for you since you are busy.3suchthat,sothat,so that 引导结果状语从句的区别：such 是形容词，修饰名词;so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词。其结构如下：1)such+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词+that 2)such+形容词+复数可数名词

36、+that 3)such+形容词+不可数名词+that。如：This was such a good film that I went to see it several times.It was such good books that they sell well.It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.=He is so lovely a boy tha

37、t we all like him.注：在“形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词”结构中，当名词前有 many,much,few,little 表示数量的多少时，名词前用 so。如：She made so many mistakes that she didnt pass the exam.真题在线 1.Could you help me with housework you are free today?A.since B.though C.unless D.until 2.What do you think of your Junior Middle School life?I think i

38、t is colorful,I am always busy.A.if B.though C.while D.until 3.I think hes been drinking,Im not completely sure.A.if B.though C.until D.as 4.he was very tired,he continued working in his office.A.Since B.Although C.As soon as D.Because 5.Mike,what were your parents doing at 8:00 last night?My mother

39、 was reading my father was playing computer games.A.while B.when C.unless D.as long as Key:ABBBA 真题在线 选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。1.Jim spends a lot of money on books_he is not rich.2.Kate fell into sleep _she was listening to the music.3.-Is David at school today?-No.He is at home _he has a bad cold.4.We wont

40、have supper _my mother comes back.5.Speak to him slowly _he may understand you better.6._ she doesnt come on Sunday,Ill go fishing by myself.7.It is four years _I had left that small village.8._the air moves,it is called wind.9.We will go to the park _it doesnt rain tomorrow.10._little boys did _muc

41、h work.11.There are few new words in the passage _we cant understand it.12.Go back _you come from.13.He reached the station _the train had left.14.-Do you have a swimming pool?-No,we dont.At least,not _big _yours.15.Give me your paper _you have finished it.16.It is raining hard,_we have to stay at h

42、ome.17._you work harder,youll never pass the final exam.18.Look after the children _I am out.19.The village is _far away _I cant get there on foot.20.That is _an interesting book _I cant stop reading it.Keys:1.though 2.while 3.because 4.until 5.so that 6.Even if 7.since 8.when 9.if 10.Such,do 11.but 12.where 13.before 14.as(so),as 15.after 16.so 17.unless 18.while 19.so,that 20.such,that