(精品)第一讲 写作.ppt

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1、写写 作作 第一讲第一讲Review of oral task 1 and 2:1.describe the favorite subject you have studied.Explain why it is your favorite subject.Include reasons and details to support your response.(2009.9.20)May favorite subject is English.1)I like this subject because I think I have some talents in learning a for

2、eign language.I can remember the new words very well.I am always the first one to answer the teachers questions.2)Also,learning English can broaden my horizon.I read international news and English movies from the internet.English makes me feel so cool.2.“children should be required to help with hous

3、ehold tasks as soon as they are old enough to do so.”do you agree or disagree with the above statement?Why or why no?use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.(2009.9.20)I agree that1)The first reason is that it is the right time we do sth to return our love to our parents.they have t

4、aken care of us for so long what we can do could help relieve their burden.2)also,by.We can develop life skills and it will benefit us in the future.if we study abroad one day,it is very usefulSo,personally I agree.一一 题型描述题型描述 二二 评分体系评分体系三三 评分标准评分标准四四 评分原则评分原则五五 应试策略应试策略六六 考前准备考前准备 一一 题型描述题型描述 写作部分写

5、作部分 （5050分钟）分钟）题型题型阅读阅读（230-300230-300字）字）听力听力写作写作综合写作综合写作(Integrated)(Integrated)3 3分钟分钟2-32-3分钟分钟2020分钟分钟（150-225150-225字）字）独立写作独立写作(independent)(independent)/3030分钟分钟（300300字）字）1.题目内容：综合写作：阅读-学术性主题；听力-对阅读里的信息提出质疑或持；写作-总结听力讲座中的要点,具体解 释他们是如何支持或驳斥文章里 的观点的。独立写作：就某一话题阐述自己的观点。2.字数要求说明：综合写作综合写作：ETS格外说明，

6、“只要考生所写内容能够回答考题，考生不会因为超字数要求而被扣分。”独立写作独立写作：ETS声称，“300词以下的文章依然有可能获的最高分，但经验表明，低于300词的文章通常不能足够地展开观点乃至无法获得5分的成绩，考生的作文字数并无上限。”二二 评分体系评分体系 1.两名判卷人员分别评判综合与独立写作任务；即每个考生的作文至少由4位考官评判。2.两部分的得分加起来平均，得到的分值叫原 始分（raw score：0-5）;经过换算得到最终成绩(scaled score:0-30)。三三 评分标准评分标准1.综合写作5分分：successfully selects the important in

7、formation;Coherently and accurately presents the information in relation to the relevant information presented in the reading;Well-organized;Occasional language errors do not result in fine presentation;4分分:good in selecting the important information;Good in Coherently and accurately presenting the

8、information in relation to the relevant information presented in the reading,but it may have minor omission,inaccuracy,vagueness or imprecision of some content;Have more frequent or noticeable minor language errors,as long as such usage and grammatical structures do not result in anything more than

9、an occasional lapse of clarity or in the connection of ideas.3分分:contains some important informationConveys some relevant connection to the reading,but it is marked by one or more of the following:Conveys only vague,general,unclear or imprecise connection The response may omit one major key point ma

10、de in the lecture.Errors may be more frequent or result in noticeable vague expressions or obscured meanings.2分分:contains some relevant information from the lecture.The response significantly misrepresents or completely omits the overall connection between the lecture and the reading;The response si

11、gnificantly omits or misrepresents important points made in the lecture.The response contains language errors that largely obscure connections or meaning at key junctures.1分分:the response provides little or no meaningful or relevant coherent content from the lecture.The language level of the respons

12、e is so low that it is difficult to derive meaning.0分分:copy sentences;not connected to the topic;written in foreign languages;blank;2.独立写作 5分分：effectively addresses the topic Well organized and developed,using clearly appropriate explanations,exemplifications and details;Display unity,progression an

13、d coherence;Displays consistent facility in the use of language,demonstrating syntactic variety,appropriate word choice,though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors.4分分：address the topic well,though some points may not be fully elaborated Generally well organized and developed;Display unit

14、y,progression and coherence,though it may contain occasional redundancy,digression(离题)or unclear connections;Displays facility in the use of language,demonstrating syntactic variety and range of vocabulary,though it will probably have occasional noticeable minor errors in structure,word form,or use

15、of idiomatic language;3分分：addresses the topic using somewhat developed explanations,exemplifications and details;Display unity,progression and coherence,though connection of ideas may be occasionally obscured；May demonstrate inconsistent facility in sentence formation and word choice that may result

16、 in lack of clarity and occasionally obscure meaning.May display accurate but limited range of syntactic structures and vocabulary.2分分：may reveal one or more of the following weaknesses:Limited development in response to the topic Inadequate organization or connections of ideas Inappropriate or insu

17、fficient exemplifications,explanations or details to support.Noticeably inappropriate choice of words or word forms An accumulation of errors in sentence structure or usage.1分分：seriously flawed by one or more of the following weaknesses:Serious disorganization or underdevelopment Little or no detail

18、 or irrelevant specifics or questionable responsiveness to the task Serious and frequent errors in sentence structure or usage0分分：copy sentences;not connected to the topic;written in foreign languages;blank;四四 评分原则评分原则基本原则：Readers should focus on what the examinee does well.1.全方位整体衡量，而不是寻求小错误和单项弱点。2

19、.评判的重点在与考生是否利用已有的语言有效传达和展开思想的过程。3.不要求出口成章，文采飞扬，言词或文字的展开不是最关键的。4.特定语法点，词汇量不是评判的重心。5.可以开门见上，直入主题，介绍性和结论性语言不是必须的。6.综合写作部分必须是基于所给原文的本意而展开的陈述或论证，而不能任意杜撰信息。五五 应试策略应试策略1.阅读能力：迅速概括总结文章大意和结构。阅读能力：迅速概括总结文章大意和结构。Reason 1 Example 1 Example 2 Reason 2 Example 1 Example 2 Reason 3 Example 1 Example 2 Conclusion 2

20、.听力，速记能力听力，速记能力1）背诵英语段落，尤其是托福题中的。2）积累一些速记方法。a.缩写：实词 b.数学符号：逻辑关系 比如，=3.转述能力转述能力 paraphrase a.词语转换：同义词 b.句式转换：句式结构4.布局谋篇能力布局谋篇能力 五段三点式：开头段+中间三段+结尾段六考前准备六考前准备 1.有一定的词汇，语法基础。有一定的词汇，语法基础。2.语言需要有一定程度上的多样性。语言需要有一定程度上的多样性。3.注意中西方思维的差异。注意中西方思维的差异。4.积累热点话题。积累热点话题。5.高度重视听写及听后概括大意的能力。高度重视听写及听后概括大意的能力。6.多积累。多积累。7.多动手。多动手。8.注意新托福机考的特殊性。注意新托福机考的特殊性。