主要时态 (2).ppt

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1、 时态概念时态概念时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生的时间的各种形式。英语有况发生的时间的各种形式。英语有16种动词时态形式，但常见的有种动词时态形式，但常见的有9种，见下表：种，见下表：I.一一 般现在时现般现在时现在习惯性或经常性动作在习惯性或经常性动作 Class begins at eight every morning状况状况 He looks tired.瞬间动作瞬间动作T here comes the bus过去描述过去的事实，以求描绘的生动性过去描述过去的事实，以求描绘的生动性The river rises higher and higher,b

2、reaks the banks and fills all low places.将来固定不变或不易变的动作或状态将来固定不变或不易变的动作或状态 Tomorrow is Sunday.（在时间或条件从句中）表示将来的动作或状（在时间或条件从句中）表示将来的动作或状态态When he arrives,well go out to meet him.不受时间限制的动作或状态不受时间限制的动作或状态 The sun rises in the east.Practice makes perfect.II.一般过去时过一般过去时过去某时（或某段时间内）的动作去某时（或某段时间内）的动作 He trav

3、eled in Europe last year.状态状态 He was in Beijing some years ago.习惯动作习惯动作 When I was at college,I wrote home once a week.先后一连串动作先后一连串动作 He went to town,bought some books and visited his daughter.现在或将来非真实的动作或状态，属虚拟的语气现在或将来非真实的动作或状态，属虚拟的语气范畴范畴 Its time we went.If he arrived tomorrow,I should meet him at

4、 the airport.III.一般将来时将一般将来时将来某个时刻（或某段时间内）将来要发生的动作，来某个时刻（或某段时间内）将来要发生的动作，更多地用于带有条件从句的主句中更多地用于带有条件从句的主句中He will come next week.Ill ask her as soon as she comes.状态状态 Your dress will be ready soon.现在预测现在某事可能要发生了现在预测现在某事可能要发生了 Its eleven oclock.Mary will be in bed by now.现在的习惯现在的习惯 A lion will never att

5、ack an elephant.现在的需要现在的需要 Shall I help you?对将来的事情现在作出决定对将来的事情现在作出决定 Which shirt do you want?Ill take the blue one,please.IV.现在进行时现现在进行时现在某时（或某段时间内）正在进行的动作在某时（或某段时间内）正在进行的动作 He is writing a letter now.She is visiting Beijing this week.婉转口气婉转口气 Im hoping to hear from you soon.带有感情色彩的叙述带有感情色彩的叙述 The b

6、oy is always talking in class.将来按计划一般不易变更的动作将来按计划一般不易变更的动作 The train is leaving at 11:00p.m.（在时间或条件从句中）表示将来的动作（在时间或条件从句中）表示将来的动作When you are cycling along the street,dont forget the traffic light.V.过去进行时过过去进行时过去某时（或某段时间内）进行的动作去某时（或某段时间内）进行的动作I was doing my homework this time last night.故事发生的背景故事发生的背

7、景The wind was blowing and it was raining hard.带有感情色彩的叙述带有感情色彩的叙述He was making trouble all the time.过去说话前不久的动作过去说话前不久的动作I was telling him his mother was ill.婉转口气婉转口气I was hoping you could help me.VI.过去将来时过过去将来时过过去间接引用某人过去的话和想法过去间接引用某人过去的话和想法 He warned us that the journey would be dangerous.习惯性动作习惯性动作

8、 At dusk,these old ladies would sit in rocking chairs and talk.现在非真实的动作或状态现在非真实的动作或状态 If I were you,I would study French.客气的请求客气的请求 Would you mind helping me?愿望愿望 I would like a cup of tea.VII.现在完成时现在完成时现在时间前完成的动作留下的结果或影响现在时间前完成的动作留下的结果或影响He has turned off the light.I have been to Beijing twice.现在时间

9、前已做的动作现在时间前已做的动作He is reading the book that he has bought recently.（在时间或条件从句中）表示在将来某个时间（在时间或条件从句中）表示在将来某个时间前先要做完的动作前先要做完的动作Ill return the book to you as soon as I have finished it.直到现在为止尚未完成的动作直到现在为止尚未完成的动作He has lived in Beijing since last summer.VIII.过去完成时过去完成时过去某一时训或某一事件前完成的动作或状态过去某一时训或某一事件前完成的动作

10、或状态By the end of last term we had learned twelve units.He had been in this college for five years before I came to study.过去某一时刻或某一事件前已发生但未完成的过去某一时刻或某一事件前已发生但未完成的动作动作By December last year,he had worked in Beijing for five years.He had been in this college for five years before I came to study.其他用法表示非

11、真实的，想象的过去动作其他用法表示非真实的，想象的过去动作或状态或状态I wish I had told him about it.If the had worked harder,she would have succeeded.They had meant to see me off at the airport,but they got there too late.IX现在完成进行时现在完成进行时现在完成进行时主要表示动作开始于过去某时，一现在完成进行时主要表示动作开始于过去某时，一直持续到现在，当然中间动作有时并非无停顿。事直持续到现在，当然中间动作有时并非无停顿。事实上现在完成时除

12、了表示动作实上现在完成时除了表示动作“已完成已完成”的概念外，的概念外，也可以表示动作也可以表示动作“未完成未完成”概念，两者在大多数情概念，两者在大多数情况下可以换用，但口语中更倾向于用现在完成进行况下可以换用，但口语中更倾向于用现在完成进行时。如：时。如：He has lived here for 10 years.也可以说成：也可以说成：He has been living here for 10 years.下列最好用现在完成进行时，因为带有一下列最好用现在完成进行时，因为带有一定的感情色彩。定的感情色彩。Where have you been?Ive been telephoning

13、 you the whole morning!Hes been talking to me since this morning.练习一：动词时态与语态（练习一：动词时态与语态（1）1.When I saw Mary,she _ on the piano.A.is playing B.plays C.was playingD.played2.She _ the door before she goes away.A.had locked B.is locking C.has locked.D.was locking.3.A hunter is a man who _ animals.A.cat

14、ch B.catches C.will catch D.was catching4.What _ if I drink this?happens B.is happening C.will happen D.is happened5.I will visit you if Father _ me.A.let B.lets C.is letting D.will let6.Look out!That tree _ fall down.A.is going to B.will be C.shall D.would7.My uncle _ to see me.Hell be here soon.A.

15、comes B.is coming C.had come D.came8.They cant leave until they _ their work.A.did B.are doing C.have done D.has done9.Has he seen this film?Yes.He _ it several days ago.A.saw B.has seen C.had seen D.was seeing10.Now Mike isnt here.He _ Mr Greens.Perhaps he _ back in a few minutes.A.went to;is comin

16、g B.has gone to;will comeC.has been to;will be D.is going to;has come11.That day he._ his clothes before he came to see me.A.has washedB.washedC.had been washing D.was washed12.I havent finished my composition.I _ for two hours and a half.A.have written it B.have been writing itC.wrote it D.am writi

17、ng it13.I will take my daughter with me when I _ ShangHai,A.go to B.will go to C.have been to D.have gone to14.This bright girl _ the truth in front of the enemy.A.didnt sayB.couldnt speak toC.said D.didnt tell15.The bridge which _ last year looks really beautiful.A.was built B.built C.was set up D.

18、had been built16.When _ school begin?Next Monday.A.has B.does C.did D.is going to17.I will _ here till you give me some money.A.leave B.not leave C.come D.return18.I _ here since I moved here.A.will work B.worked C.work D.have been working19.Every time I _ there,I will buy him something nice.A.went

19、B.will go C.go D.have gone20.It was said that his father _.A.has died B.died.C.has been dead D.had died21.We wont go unless you _ soon.A.had come B.came C.will come D.come22._six years since I began studying English.A.They have been B.it is C.It was D.There are23.They _ the Summer Palace three times

20、.A.have gone to B.have been toC.have been inD.have gone into24.How long havent we seen each other?Well,it _ nearly two years since we _ last.A.is/have met B.was/had met C.is/met D.has been/had met25.Have you seen the art exhibition?No,_ there.A.it was not being held B.they didnt holdC.it had not hel

21、d D.they were holding it26.Dont get off the bus until it _.A.stop B.will stop C.stopped D.has stopped27.Where _ the recorder?I cant see it anywhere.I _ it right here.But now its gone.A.did you put/have put B.have you put/putC.had you put/was putting D.were you putting/have put28.They asked me to hav

22、e a drink with them.I said that it was 10 years since I _ a good drink.A.had enjoyed B.was enjoyingC.enjoyed D.had been enjoying29.Dont come tonight.I would rather you _ tomorrow.A.come B.came C.will come D.coming30._ you _?A.Do/marry B.Have/marriedC.Have/been marriedD.Are/married31.When he _ all th

23、e newspapers,hell go home.A.sells B.has sold C.will have sold D.will be sold32.This cloth _well and _ long.Ok.Ill take it.A.washes/lasts B.is washed/lastedC.washes/is lasted D.is washing/lasting33.Hurry up,you _ on the phone.Oh,Im coming.Thank you.A.are wanted B.are being wanted C.want D.are wanting

24、34.I _ see you,but I didnt,for I had no time.A.had wanted toB.has wanted toC.wantedD.was wanted35.I _ in Guang Zhou for six years by this October.A.have lived B.was living C.will be living D.shall have lived36.By this time next year he _ from the college.A.will be graduating B.should be graduatingC.

25、will have graduated D.is graduating37.Our teacher told us that the earth _ from west to east.A.turns B.turn C.has turned D.had turned38.My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.A.fell/was riding B.fell/were ridingC.had fallen/rodeD.had fallen/was riding39.Bill said he _ twenty-one the ne

26、xt year.A.was going to beB.was about to beC.could beD.was to be40.It is high time you _ in bed now.A.are B.were C.will be D.would be41.After a while an agreement _.A.was arrived at B.was arrived in C.was arrivedD.has been arrived42.The air liner from Beijing _ at 3:00 p.m.A.is about to arrive B.has

27、arrived C.arrives D.is going to arrive43._,that step is not safe!A.Look around B.Look upC.Look out D.Look down44.Have you _ him to give up smoking?No.I _,but he wouldnt listen.A.persuaded/tried B.tried/persuadedC.tried/triedD.persuaded/persuaded45.The research laboratory is going to _ the new type o

28、f computer to use.A.take B.make C.put D.send46.I dont know when he _,but when he _,Ill let you know.A.will come/comes B.comes/will comeC.comes/comes D.will come/will come47.How much do you think that vase _?A.is cost B.used C.was paid for D.cost48.I _ that he would be able to leave tomorrow,but its

29、beginning to look diffcult.A.hopeB.had hoped C.hopedD.am hoping49.“Come on,Peter,I want to show you something.”“Oh,how nice of you,I _ you _ to bring me a gift.”A.never think/are goingB.never thought/were goingC.didnt think/are goingD.hadnt thought/were going50.Its a nice flat,but it _ a proper bath

30、room.A.havent gotB.hasnt got C.wouldnt get D.doesnt have got51.She had a shock when she heard the news,_?A.hadnt sheB.didnt sheC.wouldnt sheD.wont she52.This liquid _ the salt at room temperature.A.became mixed withB.was mixed byC.mixes with D.has been mixing by练习一、练习一、15 CCBCB 610 ABCAB 1115 CBADA 1620 BBDCD 2125 DBBCA 2630 DBABD 3135 BAAAD 3640 CAAAB 4145 ACCAC 4650 ADBBB 5152 BC