初中英语名词讲解及专项练习.pdf

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1、 1名词 （课时:2）一介绍名词含义:名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。二名词的分类：专有名词(人名，地名，机构 )William ，Linda,Canada ，China，the United Nations,WTO 普通名词 可数名词:包括 单数(只有一个)和 复数(两个以上).不可数名词 :只有单数.物质名词 milk ，water，tea，bread，beef,meat,rice，fish，coffee，sugar，salt 抽象名词 information，friendship，knowledge，work，advice，science,news,weather 三重点:单数名

2、词 变 复数名词 的规则：1.一般情况下，加“s”.eg:books ，stamps，pens，tables 2.以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的，加“es”eg:buses ，boxes，foxes ，watches，matches，beaches，coaches,brushes 3.以“o”,结尾的，加“es ”or “s ”eg:Negroes?ni:gr?、heroes、volcanoes v?l?ke?n?、tomatoes 、potatoes、radios、pianos 、zoos、photos 、bamboos、video 需加 es 的记忆技巧：黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）

3、在火山上（volcano）爱吃西红柿（tomato）和土豆（potato）4.以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的，把“y”变为“i”，再加“es ”.eg:city-cities，country-countries，family-families,story-stories 5.以“f”或 “fe”结尾的，把“f”或 “fe”变为“ves ”。eg:thief thieveswife wiveslife-liveshalf halvesleaf-leaves，knife-knives，wolf wolves,shelf shelves,loaf loaves 记忆技巧：贼人（thief）的妻子（wif

4、e）在她一生（life）中用半（half）片树叶（leaf）当刀子（knife）杀死了七匹狼（wolf）然后去偷架子（shelf）上的面包（loaf）。6）不规则变化：man-men，foot-feet woman-women，tooth-teeth,policeman-policemen,goose-geese,mouse child-children，ox-oxen -mice，fish-fish，sheep -sheep deer-deer ，means means，Chinese-Chinese ，Japanese-Japanese 注意：当 man/woman作定语、修饰复数名词时，

5、变为复数。例如：a man teacher-men teachers;a woman teacher-women teachers man/woman 与所修饰的名词要同时 四重点：名词的所有格（-（1）单数名词词尾加 the boy s bag 的）s；以 ；Mary s结尾的单数名词，s cap；Mr James 则只加 office .（2）复数名词如果不以 s 结尾，则加s；复数名词如果以 the Children s Palacemen s room the teachers reading-room10 minutes walk s 结尾，则只加.（3）如果表示几个人共有一样东西，

6、只需在最后一个人的名字后面加 如果表示各自所有，就必须在各个名字后面加s.This is Tom and Mark s room.These are Tom s and Mark s rooms.s.（4）the+名词 of 名词 the windows of the house the name of the city the picture of the Tom s 结构也可以转换成 of 结构 the girls name-the name of the girl Tom s friend-the friend of Tom （5）a+名词 of 一”)a picture of To 名

7、词 m s s/a+名词 ;a friend of mine of 名词性物主代词 (表示“其中之 名词专项训练 1-Are there any in the zoo?-Yes,there are some.A.panda B.lion C.tiger D.deer 2 There is only one doctor and several nurses in this hospital.A.man/woman B.man/women C.men/woman D.men/women 3-What can I do for you?-I d like two.A.bottle of orang

8、e juice B.bottle of orange juices C.bottles of orange juice D.bottles of orange juices 4This is bedroom.The twin sisters like it very much.A.Anna and Jane B.Anna s and Jane s C.Anna s and Jane D.Anna and Jane s 5 We ll have a holiday.What about going to the Great Wall?A.four days B.four-day C.four-d

9、ays D.four day s 6 Paul has friends except me,and sometimes he feels lonely.A.many B.some C.few D.more 7 How many can you see in the picture?A.water B.child C.deer D.factorys 8 This is an old photo of mine.At that time I had.A.short hairs B.short hair C.many short hair D.much short hairs 9-Where are

10、 the?-They are playing football on the playground.A.boys students/the B.boy students/the C.boy student/X D.boy students/X 10 I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because there s something wrong with his.A.eyes B.legs C.mouth D.ears 11 Jenny gave us on how to learn English well.A.some advices B.many

11、advices C.some advice D.an advice 12 We have bought two for the coming party.A.box of strawberry B.boxes of strawberries C.box of strawberriesD.boxes of strawberry 13 Mr Smith is a friend of.A.John s uncleB.John uncle s C.John s uncle sD.John uncle 14-Would you liketea?-No,thanks.I have drunk two.A.

12、any/bottle of juiceB.some/bottles of juice C.many/bottles of juicesD.few/bottles of juice 15 These are thetoys.A.childB.childrenC.children s children 16 There are hardly anyin the river now because of the pollution.A.duckB.fishC.gooseD.17 She told methe day before yesterday.A.a good newsB.such a goo

13、d news C.so good a newsD.a piece of good news 18 I won t go there with you,for I have a lot ofto do.A.worksB.jobC.workD.working 19 Thereall kinds ofin this shop.A.are/watchesB.be/watchesC.is/watchesD.be/watch 20 There areon the desk.A.a paperB.some papers C.a piece of paperD.some pieces of paper 21

14、I d like,please.A.two bottle of beerB.two bottle of beers C.two bottles of beerD.two bottles of beers 22 These arebackpacks.A.Lily and LucyB.Lily and Lucy s C.Lily s and LucyD.Lily s and Lucy 23 We ll havethis summer.A.a two months vacationB.two months vacation C.a two-months vacationD.a two-month v

15、acation 24 I go to theonce a month.A.barberB.barbersC.barber s barbers D.s D.water 25 I want to knowopinion.A.everyone s else C.everyone else s 26 I walked into the desk.A.teacher s/teacher s C.teacher s/teachers B.everyone else D.everyone elses office,B.teachers D.teachers and put the letter /teach

16、ers /teacher on my s 27 There s noformore cars in the parking lot.It is too crowded.A.roomB.roomsC.houseD.houses 28 My shoes were worn out,so I decided to buy a new.A.showB.shoesC.pairD.one 29 Could you speak in a loud?I can t hear you clearly.A.voiceB.noiseC.soundD.throat 30 Only onehas been chosen

17、.I don t know whether it is a man or a woman.A.peopleB.personC.manD.woman 31.You can get muchabout the World Expo on the Internet.A.mapB.pictureC.ticketD.information 32.All the teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8 th,because it was their own holiday.A.man B.men C.woman D.women DBCDB CCBDD CBCBC BDCAD CDDCC DACAB DD