托福阅读辅导-老托福阅读真题及答案PASSAGE1.docx

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1、托福阅读辅导:老托福阅读真题及答案PASSAGE1 为了帮助大家备考托福阅读，练习更多阅读题目。提高阅读水平，下面我给大家带来托福阅读辅导:老托福阅读真题及答案 PASSAGE 1，希望对大家有所帮助! 老托福阅读原文 PASSAGE 1 By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United

2、 States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even b

3、efore 1880, half the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented. Making an

4、 efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course

5、mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation

6、 and circulation needed for an efficient icebox. But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his

7、own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no

8、longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool. 老托福阅读题目 PASSAGE 1 1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The influence of ice on the diet (B) The development of refrigeration (C) The transportation of goods to market (D) Sources of ice in the nineteenth century 2.

9、 According to the passage , when did the word "icebox" become part of the language of the United States? (A) in 1803 (B) sometime before 1850 (C) during the civil war (D) near the end of the nineteenth century 3. The phrase "forward-looking" in line 4 is closest in meaning to (A)

10、 progressive (B) popular (C) thrifty (D) well-established 4. The author mentions fish in line 4 because (A) many fish dealers also sold ice (B) fish was shipped in refrigerated freight cars (C) fish dealers were among the early commercial users of ice (D) fish was not part of the ordinary person'

11、;s diet before the invention of the icebox 5. The word "it" in line 5 refers to (A) fresh meat (B) the Civil War (C) ice (D) a refrigerator 6. According to the passage , which of the following was an obstacle to the development of the icebox? (A) Competition among the owners of refrigerate

12、d freight cars (B) The lack of a network for the distribution of ice (C) The use of insufficient insulation (D) Inadequate understanding of physics 7. The word "rudimentary" in line 12 is closest in meaning to (A) growing (B) undeveloped (C) necessary (D) uninteresting 8. According to the

13、information in the second paragraph, an ideal icebox would (A) completely prevent ice from melting (B) stop air from circulating (C) allow ice to melt slowly (D) use blankets to conserve ice 9. The author describes Thomas Moore as having been "on the right track" (lines 18-19) to indicate

14、that (A) the road to the market passed close to Moore's farm (B) Moore was an honest merchant (C) Moore was a prosperous farmer (D) Moore's design was fairly successful 10. According to the passage , Moore's icebox allowed him to (A) charge more for his butter (B) travel to market at nig

15、ht (C) manufacture butter more quickly (D) produce ice all year round 11. The "produce" mentioned in line 25 could include (A) iceboxes (B) butter (C) ice (D) markets 老托福阅读答案 PASSAGE 1 BBACC DBCDA B TOEFL阅读细微环节题解题口诀 一、问法多实行下列模式 1. According to the passage，?” 2. It is stated in paragraph X

16、3. It is indicated in paragraph X 4. It is mentioned in paragraph X 二、文章如何处理-请记住下列口诀 通读原文不行取, 带着问题看原文 四种句子细致读 比较句,强调句 段首段尾转折句 重精确,轻速度 平常做题不猜题 下次连载我将把这种阅读方法进行系统讲解,本次重点讲细微环节题 三、不用通读全文，只要看到细微环节部分，不要看全文推理 常可回原文定位找到-找相近，找相像 回原文定位关健词定位法： a、题目本身带有大写或斜体 b、题目本身带有年头或与年头有关 c、回原文定位要运用纯名词 d、出题依次多半和行文依次相同 e. 选项本身

17、提示的共同信息,四个选项拥有相同的部分,就本题在问的部分 四、举例说明 例如：Crescent-shaped lake Baikal,in Siberia,is only the ninth largest lake in area at 385 miles(620km)in length and 46miles (74km) in width, yet it is easily the largest body of fresh water in the world.(新月般的贝加尔湖位于西伯利亚,是第九大的湖,长385英里,宽46英里,然而它是世界上最大的淡水湖).It holds one

18、 fifth of the worlds total freshwater, which is more than the total of all the water in five Great lakes;(它拥有世界上五分之一的淡水,比五大湖全部的水还多许多); it holds so much fresh water in spite of its less-than-impressive area because it is by far the worlds deepest lake.(尽管面积不大但淡水许多因为它是世界上迄今为止最深的湖)The average depth of

19、the lake is 1312 feet (400meters)below sea leave and The Olkhon Crevice, the lowest known point ,is more than 5250 feet (1600 meters)deep. (贝加尔湖平均深度是低于海平面1312英尺(400 meters),并且最低点 Olkhon大裂谷 5250英尺(1600米)深. Lake Baikal, which today is located near the center of Asian Peninsula, is most likely the worl

20、ds oldest lake. (贝加尔湖位于亚洲次大陆中心,可能是世界上最古老的湖).It began forming 25 million years ago as Asia started splitting apart in a series of great faults. (它形成于25亿年前,亚洲板块从一系列断层分别出来(即原始大陆板块中各各板块分别时期)The Baikal Valley dropped away, eventually filling with water and creating the deepest of the worlds lakes.( 贝加尔湖谷

21、下陷裂开,最终填满了水创建了世界上最深的湖) 1. what is stated in paragraph 1 about the shape of lake Baikal? A It is wider than it is long B It is circular in shape C Iits width is one-half of its length D It is shaped like a new moon 从题目本身的问法看是一道细微环节题 细微环节题的解题步骤 1) 找寻关键词,关键词定位法,本题的关键词是shape 2) 文章出题依次和行文依次是一样的 本题是第一题按着依

22、次找第一次出现的地方. 所以本题正确答案应当是D 2 It is indicated in paragraph 1 that the area of Lake Baikal A is less than the area of eight other lakes B is one ninth the area of Siberia C is greater than the area of any other freshwater lake D is equal to the area of the five Great lakes 本题的关键词是 area 面积 回原文定位: only th

23、e ninth largest lake in area at 385 miles(620km)in length and 46miles (74km) in width(第九大的湖,长385英里,宽46英里)所以本题答案为A 3 According to paragraph 1, lake Baikal _ A. holds one fifth of the worlds water B. holds five times the water of the Great lakes C. holds one-ninth of the worlds water D. holds 20 perce

24、nt of the worlds fresh water 本题很特殊,你会发觉题目本身没有任何可以做为关键词的因为全文都在讲这个湖,但没关系看四个选项他们的共同传达信息就是本题要问的信息.你会发觉四个选项拥有相同的holds water.所以本题问的是贝加尔湖谷拥有水量,所以本题定位为It holds one fifth of the worlds total freshwater, which is more than the total of all the water in five Great lakes;( 它拥有世界上五分之一的淡水,比五大湖全部的水还多许多)所以正确答案是D。丽丽

25、英语每期都会做连载，敬请关注。 4 According to paragraph 1, the olkhon crevice is _ A outside of Lake Baikal B 400 meters below sea level C the deepest part of Lake Baikal D 5000 meters deep 本题定位关键词为olkhon crevice所以定位于原文:The Olkhon Crevice, the lowest known point ,is more than 5250 feet (1600 meters)deep 最低点 Olkhon

26、大裂谷 5250英尺(1600米)深. 正确答案为 C. 5 It is mentioned in paragraph 2 that Lake Baikal_ A is not as old as some other lakes B formed when sections of the Earth were moving away from each other. C was fully formed 25 million years ago D is today located on the edge of the Asia peninsula 本题是本文的最终一个题目而且写明白是par

27、agraph 2,所以正确答案为B定位于原文.It began forming 25 million years ago as Asia started splitting apart in a series of great faults 托福阅读辅导:老托福阅读真题及答案 PASSAGE 1本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第14页 共14页第 14 页 共 14 页第 14 页 共 14 页第 14 页 共 14 页第 14 页 共 14 页第 14 页 共 14 页第 14 页 共 14 页第 14 页 共 14 页第 14 页 共 14 页第 14 页 共 14 页第 14 页 共 14 页