专题五　句子还原(七选五)（讲解部分）.pptx

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1、方法技巧栏目索引专题五句子还原(七选五)高考英语高考英语方法技巧栏目索引方法技巧方法技巧方法技巧栏目索引一、宏观析篇章一、宏观析篇章(段落段落)结构结构典例典例1(2016课标全国片段)Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.EForexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Letsnumberthelettersofthealphab

2、et,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.方法技巧栏目索引D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.

3、E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.解析解析根据第一段的主题句“Therearethreemaintypesofcryptogra-phy.”可判断文章接下来要介绍三种设置密码的方式。在第一段中作者介绍了第一种方式,该

4、空所处的位置应该是本段的主题句,介绍第二种设置密码的方式。G选项中的关键词“Anotherway.”符合行文逻辑。答案答案G方法技巧栏目索引二、中观觅行文逻辑二、中观觅行文逻辑1.递进关系典例典例2(2017课标全国片段).Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanaircondi-tioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty-eight-f

5、oottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.A.Thistimetherewasnotent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.方法技巧栏目索引C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E.I

6、mustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.解析解析此处承接上文,表示“从那一次野营后,我们一家人就对野营感兴趣了”,引出空后面一句“Wehavedonealotofitsince.”。上下文构成递进关系,这与F选项中的“Afterthetrip,.”一致。答案答案F方法技巧栏目索引2.转折关系典例典例3(2017课标全国片段)Ifanyone

7、hadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleep-ingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.A.Thistimetherewasn

8、otent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E.ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.方法技巧栏目索引F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.解析解析上文提到野营的缺点,这些是作者三年前的认

9、识。此处表示转折,然而,自从那时以来我对野营有了更多的认识。这与选项D中的however相呼应。then指代前面提到的threeyearsago。答案答案D方法技巧栏目索引3.因果关系典例典例4(2018课标全国片段)“Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,”saysBridges.“Theyrelearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.F”A.Sowhydowedance?B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.C.Ifyo

10、ulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.E.IkeeppracticingevenwhenImextremelytired.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.方法技巧栏目索引解析解析本句为主旨句。空格位于段首。后面以一对年轻夫妻为例说明了跳舞给他们带来的好处。由此推断出本段是描述跳舞会给一个人的情绪带来巨大的影响,这就是人们喜欢跳舞的原因,这

11、与A项(那么,我们为什么要跳舞呢?)相符。答案答案A方法技巧栏目索引三、微观看词汇关联三、微观看词汇关联1.原词与同义词复现典例典例5(2018课标全国片段)Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofa

12、stfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor410hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryouredoingitnow,thenlistenup!方法技巧栏目索引解析解析本句为细节句。F项中的“continuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday(整

13、整一天持续燃烧卡路里)”与设空处后句中的“willbegettingthecalorieburningbenefitsforthewholeday(整整一天都会受益于卡路里的燃烧)”意义一致,其中calorie(卡路里)属于原词复现,throughouttheday与原文中的thewholeday表意相同,属于同义词复现。答案答案F方法技巧栏目索引2.代词指代典例典例6(2015课标全国片段)Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.Trustisarisk.Butyoucantbesuccessfulwhentheresalac

14、koftrustinarelation-shipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.Theyvebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycantbeartoletithappenagain.方法

15、技巧栏目索引F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelation-ships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesntmeanyoureignoringwhathap-pened.解析解析从形式上看,第一句的主语是trust,下一句的主语仍然是trust,由此推断前后三个句子围绕trust展开。故空格处的主语应该与前面的主语保持一致,为了避免重复,可用代词代替trust。从逻辑上看,第一段阐述了什么是“信任”。空格前说Trustisalearnedbehavior.,空格后说Trustisarisk.由此推断出选B项。答案答案B