[高二英语]选修8unit2-语言点于应用课件.ppt

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1、类型：概括议论文的内容要点类型：概括议论文的内容要点典例：早起很重要典例：早起很重要/良好教育很重要良好教育很重要模板：模板：1.(2011珠海一模珠海一模)The passage tries to tell us(论点论点)that getting up early in the morning(论据论据)will benefit us a lot，including a better memory,healthier body and better preparation for the day.2.The author thinks that(论点论点)a good education

2、plays an essential part in ones life,(论据论据)for it can release our potential and help us gain better-paid jobs.(结论结论)Therefore,everyone is supposed to receive higher education.1._n.羽毛羽毛2._ n.火鸡火鸡3._ n.缺点缺点;不利条件不利条件4._ n.面粉面粉5._ n.歌剧歌剧;歌剧团歌剧团一、单词拼写一、单词拼写operafeatherturkeydrawbackflour6._ n.突破突破7._ n.程

3、序程序;步骤步骤8._ n.媒介媒介;手段手段9._ vt.获得获得;赢得赢得10._ vt.欠欠;归功于归功于owe breakthroughproceduremediumobtain11._ vi.退休退休;离开离开12._ vt.打扰打扰;操心操心;烦扰烦扰13._ vt.抵抗抵抗;对抗对抗14._ vt.禁止禁止;不准不准15._ vi.不同不同;相异相异differ retirebotherresistforbid16._adj.精确的精确的17._ adj.道德道德(上上)的的18._ adv.立刻立刻;不久不久19._ adv.仅仅;只只;不过不过20._ n.双胞胎之一双胞胎之

4、一 adj.成对的成对的;成双的成双的twinexactmoralshortlymerely1._ n.商业商业;商务商务 _ adj.商业的商业的;贸易的贸易的2._ adj.笔直的笔直的 _ adj.直接的坦率的直接的坦率的(A)单词派生单词派生二、单词拓展二、单词拓展commercecommercialstraightstraightforward3._adj.正确的正确的 _ n.改正改正;纠正纠正;修正修正4._ vi.不赞成不赞成;反对反对 _ n.不赞成不赞成;反对反对objectionobjectcorrectnesscorrect5._v.积累积累;聚积聚积 _ n.积累积累

5、;聚积聚积6._ v.装饰装饰 _ n.装饰装饰accumulateaccumulationdecoratedecoration7._vt.调节调节;规定规定 _ n.规则规则;规章规章;法规法规regulationregulate1.Sport has become much more _(commerce)in recent years.2.Chinese people are famous for their modesty,while American people are famous for their _(straightforward).(B)灵活运用灵活运用名词作宾语名词作宾

6、语commercialstraightforwardness形容词作表语形容词作表语3.I have no _(object)to this matter.4.The capitalists only care about the _(accumulate)of wealth.名词作宾语名词作宾语objectionaccumulation名词作宾语名词作宾语5.This pin is designed as a _(decorate)for your shirt.冠词后接名词冠词后接名词 decoration1._沮丧沮丧;不愉快不愉快2._赞成赞成;支持支持3._ 一定或注定一定或注定(做做

7、)4._白费力气白费力气;枉费心机枉费心机三、短语翻译三、短语翻译in vain cast downin favor of(be)bound to(do)5._使复生使复活使复生使复活6._得到好结果得到好结果;取得成取得成功功7._不时不时;偶尔偶尔8._状况很好状况很好(坏坏)in good/poor condition bring back to lifepay offfrom time to time1.刘先生试图让一只得重病的青蛙刘先生试图让一只得重病的青蛙复活复活。1.Mr Liu tried to bring back to life a sick frog.2.他他注定注定会失

8、败的。会失败的。2.He is bound to end in failure.四、短语运用四、短语运用3.后来他又想修好一辆状况很差的车后来他又想修好一辆状况很差的车,但是白费功夫了。但是白费功夫了。3.Later he wanted to repair a car which was in poor condition,but in vain.4.他时不时的感到很沮丧。他时不时的感到很沮丧。4.From time to time he felt cast down.5.然而然而,他的工作是值得的。他的工作是值得的。5.However,his work paid off.6.他获得了丰富的医

9、学和修理经验。他获得了丰富的医学和修理经验。6.He attained a lot of experience in medicine and repair.Mr Liu tried to bring back to life a sick frog.He is bound to end in failure.Later he wanted to repair a car which was in poor condition,but in vain.From time to time he felt cast down.However,his work paid off for he att

10、ained a lot of experience in medicine and repair.1.But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough the cloning of Dolly the sheep.但是科学家的决心和耐但是科学家的决心和耐心最终得到了回报。这就是心最终得到了回报。这就是1996年具有年具有突破性的克隆羊突破性的克隆羊“多莉多莉”的诞生。的诞生。(B8 P11)五、词汇用法五、词汇用法运用运用 根据汉语意思完成句子。根据

11、汉语意思完成句子。With the help of a lot of people,our plan _(成功了成功了).After all these years,weve at last _(把债还清了把债还清了).paid off all our debts paid off His work was most unsatisfactory,so we _(给他工资后给他工资后就把他解雇了就把他解雇了).paid him off2.You owe the lady an apology.你应该你应该向这位女士道歉。向这位女士道歉。(B8 P13)owe sb.sth.=owe sth.t

12、o sb.欠某人某物欠某人某物owe sth.to sb.把某事归功于某人把某事归功于某人owe it to sb.that把把归功于某人归功于某人owing to(=because of)由于由于运用运用 根据汉语意思完成句子。根据汉语意思完成句子。He still _80美元美元)for my work._(因为下雨因为下雨),we couldnt come.Owing to the rain owes me$80 多亏有了你我才能活下来。多亏有了你我才能活下来。I owe _you that I am still alive.我的成功应该归功于我的老师。我的成功应该归功于我的老师。I _

13、my teachers.owe my success toit to3.However,the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.然而然而,她后来发展她后来发展成肺病这个问题困扰着科学家。成肺病这个问题困扰着科学家。(B8 P14)运用运用 根据汉语意思完成句根据汉语意思完成句子。子。他老是打电话给我他老是打电话给我,使我厌烦得很使我厌烦得很。His phoning me all the time _.什么事令你忧虑不安什么事令你忧虑不安经济问题吗？经济问题吗？Whats _

14、money problems?bothers mebothering youa lot4.Dollys death,like her birth,was bound to raise worries.多莉的死多莉的死,就像它的出生一样，注定会带来忧虑。就像它的出生一样，注定会带来忧虑。(B8 P14)运用运用 根据汉语意思完成句子。根据汉语意思完成句子。人人有服从法律的义务。人人有服从法律的义务。All are _.一个人只要尽力而为就一定会成功。一个人只要尽力而为就一定会成功。A man _ if only he will do his best.is bound to succeed/be

15、 successfulbound to obey the laws5.proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts.证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。奋又恐惧。(B8 P15)理解理解 朗读并指出划线部分的汉语意思。朗读并指出划线部分的汉语意思。The ship struck a rock.(_)撞击撞击 The stone struck her on the forehead.(_)It suddenly struck me that we cou

16、ld use a computer to do the job.(_)我突然想到我突然想到 打打6.All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses.如果某个如果某个动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜疾病动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜疾病,那么克隆这种动物的所有努力将是无用那么克隆这种动物的所有努力将是无用的。的。(B8 P15)运用运用 根据汉语意思完成句子。根据汉语意思完成句子。我们想使他改变主意我们想使他改变主

17、意,结果是白费心机。结果是白费心机。We tried _to make him _.我们的努力全是徒劳。我们的努力全是徒劳。Our efforts were _.change his mindin vainin vain7.The dodo is the most suitable animal to bring back to life.豆豆鸟是最适豆豆鸟是最适合复活的动物。合复活的动物。(B8 P17)运用运用 根据汉语意思完成句子。根据汉语意思完成句子。总之总之,他已经死了他已经死了,没有人能使他复活。没有人能使他复活。Anyway he was dead,and nobody coul

18、d _.bring him back to life8.The dodo became extinct fairly recently so its DNA is still in good condition.豆豆鸟最近才绝迹豆豆鸟最近才绝迹,因此它因此它的的DNA仍然完好。仍然完好。(B8 P17)运用运用 根据汉语意思完成句子。根据汉语意思完成句子。这房子状况欠佳这房子状况欠佳,需要修缮了。需要修缮了。The house _.It needs to be repaired.就他的年龄来说就他的年龄来说,这位老人的身体状况很这位老人的身体状况很不错了。不错了。Given his age,t

19、he old man is _.in good conditionis in poor condition1.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.(倒装句倒装句)接着传来了多莉病重的坏接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。消息。(B8 P12)句型句型 then(now,there,here)+不及物不及物动词动词+主语主语一、美句诵写一、美句诵写以以out,in,up,down,away 等副词开头的等副词开头的句子句子,谓语动词是一般时态的不及物动谓语动词是一般时态的不及物动词词be,come,go,be

20、gin等等,且主语为名词且主语为名词时，时，也常用倒装表示强调。也常用倒装表示强调。仿写仿写 将下列各句改写成倒装句将下列各句改写成倒装句(1、2)或翻译或翻译 。He rushed out.=_ Tom rushed out.=_ 你盼望已久的信在这儿你盼望已久的信在这儿。_you have been looking forward to.Here is the letterOut he rushedOut rushed Tom2.The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA which gives information for

21、how cells are to grow.首首先要求你有完好的先要求你有完好的DNA,以提供有关细以提供有关细胞将如何生长的信息。胞将如何生长的信息。(B8 P15)句型句型 The requirement is that.(should)do 要求是要求是 表示说话人愿望表示说话人愿望(wish/desire)、建、建议议(suggestion/advice)、要求、要求(requirement/demand)、命令、命令(order/command)等的名词等的名词,其后的表语其后的表语/同位同位语从句的谓语动词用语从句的谓语动词用(should)+do。should可以省略。可以省略。

22、仿写仿写 根据汉语意思完成下列句子根据汉语意思完成下列句子。我们都同意会议延期的建议我们都同意会议延期的建议。We all agree to the suggestion _.我的意见是在接受之前必须仔细考虑我的意见是在接受之前必须仔细考虑。My idea is that _ before accepting it.that the meeting(should)be put offwe(should)think it overThe initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA which gives information for how

23、 cells are to grow.首先要求你有完好首先要求你有完好的的DNA,以提供有关细胞将如何生长的以提供有关细胞将如何生长的信息。信息。结构分析结构分析:本句虽然句子不长本句虽然句子不长,但却从句但却从句套从句套从句,共有共有3个从句。个从句。二、难句分析二、难句分析主句是主句是The initial requirement is that.，其中，其中that引导的是一个引导的是一个 _从句从句,在这个表语在这个表语从句中从句中which gives information for how cells are to grow是是 _从句从句,修饰先行词修饰先行词perfect DN

24、A;在这个定语从句中在这个定语从句中how cells are to grow(细胞如何生长细胞如何生长)是一个是一个 _从句从句,作作for的宾语的宾语;for how cells are to grow这个介这个介词短语作定语词短语作定语,修饰修饰information,即即“细胞如细胞如何生长的信息何生长的信息”。宾语宾语 表语表语定语定语 The whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone,Dolly the sheep.The fact 1 _she seemed to deve

25、lop normally was very encouraging.Then 2 _(come)the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.一、课文填空一、课文填空解析：解析：1.引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句。解析：解析：2.倒装句。主语是倒装句。主语是the disturbing news,came是谓语。是谓语。thatcameCloning scientists were cast down 3 _(find)that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much o

26、lder animal.Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species,such as cloned mice.The question that occurred to the scientists was:“Would this be 4 _major difficulty for all cloned animals?”解析：解析：3.动词不定式表示原因。动词不定式表示原因。解析：解析：4.difficulty在此是可数名词。在此是可数名词。to findaAltogether Dolly lived for six years,

27、half the 5 _(long)of the life of the original sheep.6 _her problems,Dolly successfully produced a lamb in a 7_(nature)birth.解析：解析：5.寿命的长度寿命的长度,用名词。用名词。解析：解析：6.表示表示“尽管尽管”。解析：解析：7.用形容词修饰名词用形容词修饰名词birth。lengthDespitenatural On the other hand,Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a grea

28、t impact 8 _the media and public imagination.9 _ became controversial.It suddenly opened everybodys eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses,10_ even producing human beings.解析：解析：8.have a great impact on.表示表示“对对有重大影响有重大影响”。解析：解析：9.指代上文指代上文Dollys appearance。解析：解析：10.前后为递进关系。

29、前后为递进关系。on Itand二、课文概括二、课文概括 Cloning is quite common for two major uses.Obviously,the procedure of cloning animals is more complicated.However,Dolly the sheep was a scientific breakthrough in 1996.一、完形填空一、完形填空 2009山东山东 Even though it was only October,my students were already whispering about Christm

30、as plans.With each passing day everyone became more 1 waiting for the final school bell.Upon its 2 everyone would run for their coats and go home,everyone except David.1.A.anxious B.courageous C.serious D.cautious1.A从后面的从后面的waiting for the final school bell可知。可知。2.A.warning B.ringing C.calling D.yel

31、ling2.B本题中本题中its指的是指的是school bell,所以只能和所以只能和ring搭配。搭配。David was a small boy in ragged clothes.I had often 3 what kind of home life David had,and what kind of mother could send her son to school dressed so inappropriately for the cold winter months,without a coat,boots,or gloves.3.A.scoldedB.wondered

32、 C.RealizedD.learned3.B根据后面根据后面what kind of home life David had,可知用可知用wondered。But something made David 4.I can still remember he was always 5 a smile and willing to help.He always 6 after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor.4.A.popular B.upset C.special D.funny4.C上文中说到上文中说到David穿得不好穿得不好,下

33、文中说到作者能记得的是下文中说到作者能记得的是David 脸上一直挂着微笑脸上一直挂着微笑,总是乐于助人总是乐于助人,说明他与众不同。说明他与众不同。5.A.expressing B.delivering C.wearingD.sharing5.C此处此处wear a smile意为意为“面带笑容面带笑容”。6.A.practiced B.wandered C.studied D.stayed6.D从下文的从下文的letting him stay可知。可知。We never talked much.He would just smile and ask what else he could d

34、o,then thank me for letting him stay and slowly 7 for home.7.A.talk B.ask C.put D.head7.D此处此处head for朝朝进发。在这儿是说进发。在这儿是说David打扫完教室后回家。打扫完教室后回家。Weeks passed and the 8 over the coming Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of 9 before the holiday break.I smiled in relief as the last of the

35、m hurried out of the door.8.A.argumentB.excitement C.movement D.programB此处此处excitement指学生期待圣诞到来的兴奋之情。指学生期待圣诞到来的兴奋之情。根据前面的根据前面的everyone would run for their coats and go home可知。可知。9.A.school B.year C.education D.programA此处此处before the holiday break显然是指显然是指school day。I smiled in relief as the last of t

36、hem hurried out of the door.Turning around I saw David 10 standing by my desk.“I have something for you,”he said and 11 from behind his back a small box.11.A.searched B.found C.raised D.pulled11.D此处应是此处应是David从身后把那个盒子拿出来。从身后把那个盒子拿出来。10.A.weakly B.sadly C.quietly D.helplessly10.C此处此处David静静地站在讲桌旁。静静地

37、站在讲桌旁。12 it to me,he said anxiously,“Open it.”I took the box from him,thanked him and slowly unwrapped it.I lift the lid and to my 13 saw nothing.13.A.delightB.expectation C.appreciationD.surprise13.D既然是送给老师的礼物既然是送给老师的礼物,盒子里应该有东西盒子里应该有东西,而老师打开后看见盒子是空的而老师打开后看见盒子是空的,所以感到惊奇。所以感到惊奇。12.A.Holding B.Handin

38、g C.Sending D.Leaving12.B此处此处hand sth.to sb.意为意为“把把交给某人交给某人”。I looked at Davids smiling face and back into the box and said,“The box is nice,David,but its 14 .”“Oh no,it isnt.”said David,“Its full of love,my mum told me before she died that love was something you couldnt see or touch unless you know

39、 its there.”14.A.cheap B.empty C.useless D.improper14.B由上文中的由上文中的saw nothing可知可知。Tears filled my eyes as I looked at the proud dirty face that I had rarely given 15 to.After that Christmas,David and I became good friends and I never forgot the meaning behind the little empty box set on my desk.15.A.

40、advice B.support C.attentionD.command15.C由前文中的由前文中的We never talked much可知可知,作者作者并没对并没对David注意太多。注意太多。助读词汇助读词汇ragged衣衫褴褛的衣衫褴褛的inappropriately 不适当地不适当地straighten弄直弄直;挺直挺直unwrap 打开打开;展开展开whisper about 悄悄传播悄悄传播wear a smile 面带笑容面带笑容 head for 朝朝进发进发 2010辽宁辽宁I hated dinner parties.But I decided to give the

41、m another shot because Im in London.And my friend Mallery invited me.And because dinner parties in London are very different from those back in New York.There,“Im having a dinner party”means:“Im booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you cant afford and well be sharing the cheque evenly,no matter wh

42、at you eat.”二、阅读理解二、阅读理解Worse,in Manhattan there is always someone who leaves before the bill arrives.Theyll throw down cash,half of what they owe,and then people like me,who dont drink,end up paying even more.But if I try to use the same trick,the hostess will shout,“Where are you going?”And its no

43、t like I can say I have somewhere to go:everyone knows I have nowhere to go.But in London,dinner parties are in peoples homes.Not only that,the guests are an interesting mix.The last time I went to one,the guests were from France,India,Denmark and Nigeria;it was like a gathering at the United Nation

44、s.In New York,the mix is less striking.Its like a gathering at Bloomingdales,a well-known department store.throw down 推翻推翻;扔掉扔掉book 预订预订 evenly 平等地平等地;平衡地平衡地striking显著的显著的;吸引人的吸引人的助读词汇助读词汇 For New Yorkers,talking about other parts of the world means Brooklyn and Queens in New York.But at Mallerys，wh

45、en I said that I had been to Myanmar recently,people knew where it was.In New York people would think it was a usual new club.6.What does the word“shot”in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Choice.B.Try.C.Style.D.Goal.解析：解析：B词义猜测题。从第一段中的词义猜测题。从第一段中的hate,到到but意义上的转折意义上的转折,可知作者尽管不喜欢可知作者尽管不喜欢,还是要尝试一下还是要尝试一下,所

46、以所以shot的意思是的意思是try。A.There is a strange mix of people.B.B.The restaurants are expensive.C.The bill is not fairly shared.D.People have to pay cash.7.What does the author dislike mostabout dinner parties in New York?解析：解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段细节理解题。根据第一段Theyll throw down cash,half of what they owe,and then peo

47、ple like me,who dont drink,end up paying even more可知可知,类似作者这样的人在纽约参加聚会会吃亏类似作者这样的人在纽约参加聚会会吃亏,因为他们往往会付更多的钱。因为他们往往会付更多的钱。8.The main difference in dinner party between New York and London is _.A.the placeB.the timeC.the food D.the atmosphere解析：解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段第四细节理解题。根据第一段第四句和第二段第一句可得出。句和第二段第一句可得出。9.What

48、 does the author think of the dinner parties in London?A.A bit unusual.B.Full of tricks.C.Less costly.D.More interesting.解析：解析：D推理判断题。根据第二段尤其是推理判断题。根据第二段尤其是Not only that,the guests are an interesting mix可可以推断伦敦的聚会要比纽约的更加有趣。以推断伦敦的聚会要比纽约的更加有趣。10.What is the authors opinion of some New Yorkers from her

49、 experience?A.Easy-going.B.Self-centered.C.Generous.D.Conservative.解析：解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段可推理判断题。根据最后一段可以推断以推断,作者认为有些纽约人是作者认为有些纽约人是“以自以自我为中心的我为中心的”。概括议论文的内容要点概括议论文的内容要点议论文一般包括论点、论据和结论三个要素。议论文一般包括论点、论据和结论三个要素。其中不一定每篇文章都有结论。其中不一定每篇文章都有结论。一、概括方法一、概括方法概括议论文的内容要点就是要找出议论文的概括议论文的内容要点就是要找出议论文的三个要素三个要素,其中最重要的是找出

50、论点。论点就其中最重要的是找出论点。论点就是作者要表明的观点是作者要表明的观点,也就是主题句。而主题也就是主题句。而主题句往往在文章的首段或尾段句往往在文章的首段或尾段,且在段落的首句且在段落的首句或尾句。有时也可能在文中或段落中或尾句。有时也可能在文中或段落中,此时此时,在主题句前常常有在主题句前常常有however,buthowever,but等表示转折等表示转折的关联词。的关联词。陈述论点的主要句型有：陈述论点的主要句型有：The author holds the view that.作者认作者认为为The author thinks that.作者认为作者认为The passage/a