九年级英语语法总复习之动词时态详析.doc

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1、九年级英语语法总复习之动词时态【学习目标】：初中阶段八种时态的结构及其用法。【学习过程】：I. 概述：英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态要用不同的动词形式来表示。 动作发生的时间不同，动词的形式就有所不同。所以，动词的时态就是指动词在某一个时间段内应当采取的相应动词形态。我们已经学过的八种时态分别是：1. _2. _3. _4._5. _6. _7. _8. _II. 详解：一、一般现在时： 概念： 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：often，usually，always，sometimes，every week（day，year，month）， once a wee

2、k，on sundays， 基本结构：be动词am/is/are； 行为动词原形或单数第三人称。 否定形式： am is are _；此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在 其前加_，如主语为第三人称单数，则用_，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首； 用助动词 do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，用does，同时，还原行为动词。【注意】 _状语从句和_状语从句中, 从句用_时态表示将来。自我检测：1.The Greens usually _ TV on Sunday evening.A. watch B. watches C. are watching D. is watching2.

3、Mr Black often _ fishing on Sundays, _ he ?A. goesdoesnt B. goesisnt C. dont godoes D. doesnt gois3. We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow. A dont rain B didnt rain C doesnt rain D isnt rain 4. I will tell him as soon as he _ backA. come B. comes C. will come D. came5. He said the sun _in the east and

4、 _in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets 二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month）， in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，基本结构：be动词过去式was/were； 行为动词过去式。否定形式：waswere no

5、t；在行为动词前加_，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was或were放在句首；用助动词do的过去式_提问，还原动词。自我检测：1. I _ very hard when I was young.A. study B. studied C. had studied D. shall study2. _ he _ a good time last Sunday?A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did; has D. Did; have3.-When_you come here? -We_here last week.A.do;come B.do;came C.did;cam

6、e D.did;come4. We _the floor and _ all the windows.A. mopped;cleanned B. moped; cleaned C. mopped;cleaned D. moped; cleaned5. -_ you _out for a walk after supper ? -Yes, I _.A. Didwent，went B. Did go，went C. Did went，did D. Did go，did6. Paper _ first invented in China.A. is B. are C. was D. were三、现在

7、进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now，at this time，these days，基本结构：amisare _ 否定形式：_一般疑问句：把_动词放在句首【注意】短暂性动词如leave, begin, come, go, die等，可用_时表示将来。自我检测：1. -What is he doing now? -He_a picture.A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing2.Donttalkhere.Grandparents_.A.sleep B.issleeping C.aresleeping D.

8、slept3. Look ! The boy students are _ football while the girls are _ .A. playing; dance B. playing; dancing C. play; dancing D. play; dance4. Some are _ in the river and some are _ games.A. swimming; playing B. swimming;plaiing C. swiming; playing D. swiming;plaing5. Mr Smith _ short stories, but he

9、 _ a TV play these days.A. is writing;is writing B. is writing; writes C. writes;is writing D. writes;writes6. _ your mother _ shopping at the moment?A. Are; doing B. Is; doing C. Is; taking D. Are; taking四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。这一特定的过去时 间除有上下文暗示以外,一般用表示过去时间的状语来表示。时间状语：at this time yes

10、terday，at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的 时间状语等。基本结构：_ 否定形式：_一般疑问句：把was或were放在句首自我检测：1. I _ a letter at nine last night.A. am writing B. was writing C. wrote D. is writing2. I _ myself French from 7 to 9 yesterday morning. I _ to work.A. was teaching;didnt go B. taught; didnt go C. was teaching;went D

11、. taught;went3. This time yesterday Jack _ his bike. He _ TV.A. repaired; didnt watch B. was repairing;watched C. repaired;watched D. was repairing;wasnt watching4. When you _ at the door, I _ some washing.A. knocked; did B. was knocking;did C. knocked;was doing D. knock;am doing5. The boy_ English

12、on the radio when I _ his door.A. learned;was opening B. was learning;opened C. learned;opened D. is learning;open6. A young man _ her while she _ her work .A. watched;was doing B. was watching; did C. watched;did D. was watching;was doing五、一般将来时：概念： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow，next da

13、y（week，month，year），soon，in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow，基本结构：amisare going to do； willshalldo否定形式：amisare notgoing to do； willshallnotdo一般疑问句：be放于句首； willshall提到句首【注意】 (1) 助动词“will + 动词原形”可用于_人称, 助动词 shall常用在_人称 后。(2)“_+ 动词原形”表示即将发生某事或人为计划要做某事。表意愿的将来、问对方是否愿意、表客气的邀请或命令及表客观将来时，用_。自我检测：1.He _

14、very busy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be2. He _ in his garden every morning next year. A. will work B. works C. worked D. is working3.-_ you _ free tomorrow? -No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; w

15、illC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be4. He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. comes back5. If he _ to college, he _ a lot more.A. will gowill learn B. will gois going to learnC. is going is going to learn D. goes will learn 6. When she _ next time ,I

16、 _ her everything.A. is going to comeshall tell B. will comeshall tell C. comeswill tell D. comestell7.There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going to be B. is going to haveC. is going to be D. will have8. -Lets go out to play football, shall we? -OK. I _.A. will coming B. be going to come

17、C. come D. am coming9. It _ us a long time to learn English well.A. took B. will take C. spends D. will spend六、过去将来时：概念： 立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：the next day（morning，year），the following month（week），基本结构：wasweregoing to do； wouldshould do否定形式：waswerenotgoing to do；wouldshould notdo一般疑问句：was或we

18、re放于句首； wouldshould提到句首自我检测：1.-The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasnt arrived yet.-Well, he said he _here on time.A came B would come C can be D will be2. She _that she _ her best to help them the next term.A. sayswill do B. saidwill do C. said would do D. sayswould do 3. Jack _ that they _ s

19、urprised to see it this Friday.A. know would be B. knows will be C. knew would be D. knew will be4. She _ ill so she _ able to go skating the next day.A. is wont be B. is wouldnt be C. was wont be D. was wouldnt be5. He _ the thief to the police when he _ the man again.A. would take would meet B. wo

20、uld takemet C. will take will meet D. will take meet6.Li Ming said he _happy if Brian _to China next month.A was; come B was; would come C would be; came D will be; come七、现在完成时：概念： 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始， 持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：already, never, ever, just, yet, since, for, in the past few years,

21、基本结构：have_ done否定形式：_一般疑问句：havehas放于句首 【注意】(1)现在完成时属于现在时态范围, 因而不能和表示过去时间的状语连用, 如 yesterday, last week, three years ago, in 1960 等连用。(2)表示短暂时间动作的动词如 come, go, leave, finish, end, buy, sell, marry, die 等的完成时态不能与表示时间段的状语连用。但可改为其他表示相同意思的_动词或短语。(3) “have/ has been to + 地名”表示“_”, 说话时人已回到说话地点, 常与 once, twi

22、ce, never, ever等时间状语连用。 “have/ has gone to + 地名”表示“_”,说话时人没在说话地点。 以上两种结构均不能跟时间段连用。 “have/ has been in + 地名”跟时间段连用,表示待在某地多长时间。自我检测：1. You _ me waiting for two hours. I _ for you since five.A. Keptwaited B. have keptwaited C. kepthave waited D. have kepthave waited2 I hope I _ no mistake in my work so

23、 far.A. make B. am making C. have made D. was making3 In the past five years. I_ English words.A. have learned three thousand B. learned three thousand of C. had learned three thousands D. learned thousands of4. -_ you ever _America ? -Yes, I have.A. Have gone to B. Have gone in C. Have been to D. H

24、ave been in5. The Greens _ China for five years.A. has been in B. have been in C. have been to D. has gone to6. -Where _John _? -To the library. He _ there for an hour.A. has, been; has gone B. has, gone; has beenC. did, go; went D. did, be; went7 He _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here in 197

25、7.A. has taught; came B. has taught; has come C. taught; came D. has teached; has came8. -_you _ the text yet ? -Yes, we _ it two hours ago. A. Did, copy; did B. Have, copied; haveC. Have, copied; did D. Did, copy; had9. -_ you _ the film before ? and when _ you _ it ?A. Have, seen; did, see B. Did,

26、 see; die, watchC. Have, seen; have, seen D. Did, see; have, seen10. Her grandpa_ for three years.A. has been dead B. has died C. had been dead D. died11. Tom _ London for two years.A. had left B. has gone away C. has been away from D. had been away from12. How long _ a Party member?A. have you been

27、 B. are you C. have you become D. did you become八、过去完成时：概念：以过去某一时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。时间状语：before，by the end of last year（term，month），基本结构：had done否定形式：had notdone一般疑问句：had放于句首自我检测：1. By the end of last term, we_over two thousand new words.A. learned B. have learned C. will lear

28、n D. had learned2. By the time I _ back they _ up ten metres.A. camehave climbed B. camehad climbedC. comehave climbed D. had comeclimbed3. He _ the Army by the end of 1992. He _ in the army since then.A. joinedis B. has joinedhas beenC. had joinedis D. had joined has been4. The meeting_ for five mi

29、nutes when I got there.A. had begun B. had been on C. has begun D. has been on5. Before we got to the railway station, the train_ already.A. went out B. had gone C. has gone D. has arrived6. He _ angry because he _ for a long time.A. had gothad waited B. gotwaited C. had gotwaited D. gothad waitedII

30、I. 一般过去时与现在完成时的相互转换:在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been；瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。如： A. He joined the League two years ago. B. H

31、e has been in the League for two years. C. It is two years since he joined the League. D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.IV.中考真题链接(动词时态考点) 1. -Mr. Lee _ to a student when I entered the classroom this morning.-He is very patient _ _he is young. 【2011广东深圳】A. talking; but B. talks; tho

32、ugh C. was talking; though D. talked; however2. -When should I hand in my paper?-Your paper must _ as soon as the bell_ . 【2011广东深圳】A. hand in; rings B. hand in; will ring C. be handed in; will ring D. be handed in: rings3. -I called you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.-Sorry, I _ w

33、ith my friends at that time. 【2011河南省】A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. was swimming4. -Are you going to the bank, Laura? -No, I _ to the bank already. 【2011江苏徐州】A. have been B. have gone C. am going D. had been5. Mr. Black is going to marry a girl he _ in Japan last year. 【2011内蒙古包头】A. meets B. met C

34、. has met D. would meet6.The meeting _ by the time I got there yesterday. 【2011乌鲁木齐】A. was on B. has been on C. had begun D. has begun7.-You have found your lost umbrella, havent you? -Yes. I _ it behind the door this afternoon. 【2011广西柳州】 A. have found B. will find C. found D.founded8. I met a good

35、 friend of mine while I on the street. 【2011梧州】A. walks B. walk C. was walking D. am walking9. -I dont know if Mr. Li _ to the party this evening.-I think he will come if he _ free. 【2011梧州】A. will come; is B. will come; will be C. comes; is D. comes; will be10. She _ this book for nearly three week

36、s. 【2011雅安】A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept11. - Why wont you go to the movie with me, Gina? - Because I it twice.【2011襄阳】A. see B. have seen C. saw D. will see12. -Alan, its late. Why not go to bed? -Jenny hasnt come back yet. I _ for her. 【2011广东】A. waited B. have waitedC. am

37、waiting D. was waiting 13. - It _ hard outside. You have to stay at home. 【2011四川德阳】A. rain B. is raining C. rained D. was raining14. -Do you know who cleaned the blackboard, Tina? -Yes. John _.【2011四川德阳】A. do B. does C. did D.done15. By the end of last month, I _ all the CDs of Justin Bieber. 【2011

38、上海】A. collect B.collected C.have collected D.had collected16.Now my father _ his bike to work every day instead of driving. 【2011上海】A. ride B. rode C. rides D. is riding17. We are glad to hear that the Greens _ to a new flat next week. 【2011上海】A. move B. moved C. will move D. have moved18. -Have you ever been to Shanghai? -Yes. I _ there a few months ago.