运作管理(第8版)试题库HR8_modC_TIF_final.pdf

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1、 500 MODULE C:TRANSPORTATION MODELS TRUE/FALSE 1.The transportation model is an excellent tool for minimizing shipping costs among existing facilities,but it is not useful when firms consider new facility locations.False(Introduction,easy)2.The transportation model seeks satisfactory,but not necessa

2、rily optimal,solutions for shipping goods from several origins to several destinations.False(Transportation modeling,moderate)3.The transportation model is a special class of linear programming models.True(Transportation modeling,easy)4.A transportation problem requires exactly as many origins as de

3、stinations.False(Transportation modeling,moderate)5.Neither the northwest corner rule nor the intuitive method considers shipping cost in making initial allocations.False(Developing an initial solution,moderate)6.The intuitive method of generating an initial solution has different results for each p

4、roblem solver because intuition varies from person to person.False(Developing an initial solution,moderate)7.The stepping-stone method frequently achieves an optimal solution as soon as it calculates an initial feasible solution.False(Developing an initial solution,easy)8.A feasible solution in tran

5、sportation models is one in which all of the supply and demand constraints are satisfied.True(Developing an initial solution,moderate)9.The added cost of shipping one unit through an unused cell in a transportation problem without changing the edge requirements is the shipping cost associated with t

6、hat cell.False(The stepping-stone method,moderate)10.In a transportation minimization problem,the negative improvement index associated with a cell indicates that reallocating units to that cell would lower costs.True(The stepping-stone method,moderate)11.Degeneracy in a transportation problem is wh

7、en no closed path exists for evaluating an unused cell.True(Special issues in modeling,moderate)12.When using the stepping stone method,the closed path sometimes has the shape of a triangle as diagonal moves are permitted.False(The stepping-stone method,moderate)501 13.When using the stepping stone

8、method for a minimization problem,the number of units that reallocates corresponds to the smallest number found in the cells containing minus signs.True(The stepping-stone method,moderate)14.A transportation problem with a total supply of 500 and a total demand of 400 will have an optimal solution t

9、hat leaves 100 units of supply unused.True(Special issues in modeling,moderate)15.A transportation problem with 8 sources and 6 destinations will have an optimal solution that uses at most 13 of the 48 possible routes.True(Special issues in modeling,moderate)16.To handle degeneracy,a very small quan

10、tity is placed in one of the unused squares.True(Special issues in modeling,moderate)17.Degeneracy occurs when the number of occupied squares is less than the number of rows plus the number of columns minus one.True(Special issues in modeling,moderate)18.If demand exceeds supply in a transportation

11、problem,the problem must be balanced by adding a dummy source with additional supply.True(Special issues in modeling,moderate)MULTIPLE CHOICE 19.Which of the following is not needed in order to use the transportation model?a.the source points and their capacity b.the fixed costs of source points c.t

12、he destination points and their demand d.the cost of shipping one unit from each source to each destination e.All of these are needed.b(Transportation modeling,easy)20.The information needs of a transportation problem include a.the cost of shipping one unit from each origin to each destination b.the

13、 set of destinations and the capacity of each c.the set of origins d.the supply at each origin e.all of the above a(Transportation modeling,easy)21.Which of the following is not an information need for a transportation problem?a.the cost of shipping one unit from each origin to each destination b.th

14、e set of destinations and the demand at each c.the set of origins and the demand at each origin d.the list of sources and the capacity at each e.all of the above c(Transportation modeling,easy)502 22.The purpose of the transportation approach for location analysis is to minimize a.total costs b.tota

15、l variable costs c.total fixed costs d.total shipping costs e.the number of shipments d(Transportation modeling,moderate)23.The transportation method is a special case of the family of problems known as a.regression problems b.decision tree problems c.linear programming problems d.simulation problem

16、s e.statistical problems c(Transportation modeling,easy)24.The initial solution to a transportation problem can be generated several ways,so long as a.it minimizes cost b.it ignores cost c.all supply and demand conditions are satisfied d.degeneracy does not exist e.all cells are filled c(Developing

17、an initial solution,moderate)25.The northwest corner rule is best used a.to minimize the total shipping cost from several origins to several destinations b.to calculate whether a feasible solution is also an optimal solution c.to calculate how much to transfer from one shipping route to another d.to

18、 generate an initial feasible solution to a transportation problem e.to resolve cases of degeneracy in transportation problems d(Developing an initial solution,easy)26.For the problem data set below,what is the northwest corner allocation to the cell Source 1-Destination 1?COSTS Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3

19、 Supply Source 1 2 1 3 30 Source 2 4 2 1 40 Source 3 3 8 6 20 Demand 15 50 25 90 90 a.0 b.2 c.15 d.30 e.90 c(Developing an initial solution,easy)503 27.For the problem data set below,what is the northwest corner allocation to the cell Source 1-Destination 2?COSTS Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Supply Source 1

20、 2 1 3 30 Source 2 4 2 1 40 Origin 3 3 8 6 20 Demand 15 50 25 90 90 a.0 b.15 c.25 d.35 e.45 b(Developing an initial solution,moderate)28.For the problem data set below,what is the northwest corner allocation to the cell Source 3-Destination 3?COSTS Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Supply Source 1 2 1 3 30 Sourc

21、e 2 4 2 1 40 Source 3 3 8 6 20 Demand 15 50 25 90 90 a.0 b.15 c.20 d.35 e.45 c(Developing an initial solution,moderate)29.For the problem below,what is the quantity assigned to the cell Source 1-Destination 2 using the intuitive method for an initial feasible solution?COSTS Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Supp

22、ly Source 1 2 1 3 50 Source 2 4 7 5 40 Source 3 3 12 6 30 Demand 50 45 25 120 120 a.1 b.5 c.30 d.45 e.50 d(Developing an initial solution,moderate)504 30.For the problem below,what is the quantity assigned to the cell Source 3-Destination 1 using the intuitive method for an initial feasible solution

23、?COSTS Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Supply Source 1 2 1 3 50 Source 2 4 7 5 40 Source 3 3 12 6 30 Demand 50 45 25 120 120 a.3 b.13.333 c.30 d.45 e.50 c(Developing an initial solution,easy)31.A transportation problem has a feasible solution when a.all of the improvement indexes are greater than or equal to z

24、ero b.all demand and supply constraints are satisfied c.the number of filled cells is one less than the number of rows plus the number of columns d.all the squares are used e.the solution yields the lowest possible cost b(The stepping-stone method,moderate)32.A transportation problem has an optimal

25、solution when a.all of the improvement indexes are greater than or equal to zero b.all demand and supply constraints are satisfied c.the number of filled cells is one less than the number of rows plus the number of columns d.all the squares are used e.all origin-destination combinations have been ma

26、de equally low in cost a(The stepping-stone method,moderate)33.In transportation model analysis the stepping-stone method is used to a.obtain an initial optimum solution b.obtain an initial feasible solution c.evaluate empty cells for possible degeneracy d.balance supply and demand e.evaluate empty

27、cells for potential solution improvements e(The stepping-stone method,easy)34.The total cost of the optimal solution to a transportation problem a.is calculated by multiplying the total supply(including any dummy values)by the average cost of the cells b.cannot be calculated from the information giv

28、en c.can be calculated based only on the entries in the filled cells of the solution d.can be calculated from the original northwest corner solution e.is found by multiplying the amounts in each cell by the cost for that cell for each row and then subtracting the products of the amounts in each cell

29、 times the cost of each cell for the columns c(The stepping-stone method,moderate)505 35.Consider the transportation problem and its optimal solution in the tables below.What is the evaluator for the cell Source 2 Destination 3?COSTS Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Dest.4 Supply Source 1 12 18 9 11 105 Source

30、2 19 7 30 15 145 Source 3 8 10 14 16 50 Demand 80 60 70 90 300 300 Shipments Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Dest.4 Row Total Source 1 30 0 70 5 105 Source 2 0 60 0 85 145 Source 3 50 0 0 0 50 Col.Total 80 60 70 90 300 300 a.0 b.13 c.17 d.75 e.150 c(The stepping-stone method,moderate)36.Consider the transporta

31、tion problem and its optimal solution in the tables below.What is the value of the objective function?COSTS Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Dest.4 Supply Source 1 12 18 9 11 105 Source 2 19 7 30 15 145 Source 3 8 10 14 16 50 Demand 80 60 70 90 300 300 Shipments Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Dest.4 Row Total Source 1 30

32、 0 70 5 105 Source 2 0 60 0 85 145 Source 3 50 0 0 0 50 Col.Total 80 60 70 90 300 300 a.0 b.$169 c.300 units d.$2,100 e.$3,140 e(The stepping-stone method,moderate)506 37.Consider the transportation problem and its optimal solution in the tables below.The cell Source 3 Destination 3 is currently emp

33、ty.What would be the change in the objective function if the largest possible amount were shipped using that route,leaving all the supply and demand conditions unchanged?COSTS Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Dest.4 Supply Source 1 12 18 9 11 105 Source 2 19 7 30 15 145 Source 3 8 10 14 16 50 Demand 80 60 70 90

34、 300 300 Shipments Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Dest.4 Row Total Source 1 30 0 70 5 105 Source 2 0 60 0 85 145 Source 3 50 0 0 0 50 Col.Total 80 60 70 90 300 300 a.0 b.fifty units c.a decrease of$9 d.an increase of$450 e.an increase of$630 e(The stepping-stone method,difficult)38.Consider the transportation

35、 problem and its optimal solution in the tables below.The cell Source 3 Destination 4 is currently empty.What would be the largest possible amount that could be shipped using that route,leaving all the supply and demand conditions unchanged?COSTS Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Dest.4 Supply Source 1 12 18 9 1

36、1 105 Source 2 19 7 30 15 145 Source 3 8 10 14 16 50 Demand 80 60 70 90 300 300 Shipments Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Dest.4 Row Total Source 1 30 0 70 5 105 Source 2 0 60 0 85 145 Source 3 50 0 0 0 50 Col.Total 80 60 70 90 300 300 a.0 units b.5 units c.30 units d.50 units e.90 units b(The stepping-stone m

37、ethod,moderate)507 39.In a minimization problem,a negative improvement index in a cell indicates that the a.solution is optimal b.total cost will increase if units are reallocated to that cell c.current iteration is worse than the previous one d.total cost will decrease if units are reallocated to t

38、hat cell e.problem has no feasible solution d(The stepping-stone method,moderate)40.In a minimization problem,a positive improvement index in a cell indicates that a.the solution is optimal b.the total cost will increase if units are reallocated to that cell c.there is degeneracy d.the total cost wi

39、ll decrease if units are reallocated to that cell e.the problem has no feasible solution b(The stepping-stone method,moderate)41.Consider the transportation problem and its initial solution in the table below.What is the improvement index for the empty cell Source 1 Destination 3?COSTS Dest.1 Dest.2

40、 Dest.3 Dest.4 Supply Source 1 12 18 9 11 45 Source 2 19 7 30 15 145 Source 3 8 10 14 16 50 Demand 80 30 70 60 240 240 Shipments Dest.1 Dest.2 Dest.3 Dest.4 Row Total Source 1 45 0 0 0 45 Source 2 35 30 70 10 145 Source 3 0 0 0 50 50 Col.Total 80 30 70 60 240 240 a.0 b.-14 c.-23 d.-70 e.115 b(The st

41、epping-stone method,moderate)42.The stepping-stone method a.is an alternative to using the northwest corner rule b.often involves tracing closed paths with a triangular shape c.is used to identify the relevant costs in a transportation problem d.is used to evaluate the cost effectiveness of shipping

42、 goods via transportation routes not currently in the solution e.helps determine whether a solution is feasible or not d(The stepping-stone method,moderate)508 43.A transportation problem has two origins:A can supply 20 units and B can supply 30 units.This problem has two destinations:C requires 25

43、units and D requires 35 units.Which of the following is true?a.The problem will require a dummy demand with a capacity of 10 units.b.The problem is unbalanced and cannot be solved by the transportation method.c.The problem will require a dummy supply with a capacity of 10 units.d.Destinations C and

44、D must each receive 5 units less than they require.e.None of the above is true.c(Special issues in modeling,easy)44.An improvement index indicates a.whether a method other than the stepping stone should be used b.whether a method other than the northwest corner rule should be used c.how much total c

45、ost would increase or decrease if a single unit was reallocated to that cell d.whether the transportation cost in the upper left-hand corner of a cell is optimal e.how much total cost would increase or decrease if the largest possible quantity were reallocated to that cell c(The stepping-stone metho

46、d,moderate)45.When the number of shipments in a feasible solution is less than the number of rows plus the number of columns minus one a.the solution is optimal b.a dummy source must be created c.a dummy destination must be created d.there is degeneracy,and an artificial allocation must be created e

47、.the closed path has a triangular shape d(Special issues in modeling,moderate)46.In a transportation problem,degeneracy means that a.the problem was improperly constructed,and must be reformulated b.the assumptions of the transportation model have not been met c.the number of filled cells is too sma

48、ll to allow the calculation of improvement indexes d.the total supply and the total demand are unbalanced e.the number of origins is not equal to the number of destinations c(Special issues in modeling,easy)47.A transportation problem has 8 origins and 6 destinations.The optimal solution of this pro

49、blem will fill no more than _ cells with quantities to be shipped.a.2 b.13 c.14 d.48 e.cannot be calculated without knowing the supply and demand totals b(Special issues in modeling,easy)509 48.A transportation problem has 4 origins and 2 destinations.The optimal solution of this problem will fill n

50、o more than _ cells with quantities to be shipped.a.5 b.6 c.8 d.20 e.All cells will be occupied.a(Special issues in modeling,easy)49.A large transportation problem has 220 origins and 1360 destinations.The optimal solution of this problem will fill no more than about _ of cells with quantities to be