2021年美国基础设施综合评估报告（英）-ASCE-2021正式版.doc

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1、A COMPREHENSIVEASSESSMENTOF AMERICASINFRASTRUCTURELetter from the PresidentFounded in 1852, ASCE is the countrys oldest civil engineering organization. It represents more than 150,000 civil engineers in private practice, government, industry, and academia who are dedicated to advancing the science a

2、nd profession of civil engineering, and protecting public health, safety, and welfare. ASCE is comprised of 75 domestic and 17 international Sections, 158 Branches, and 118 Younger Member Groups. The Society advances civil engineering technical specialties through 9 Institutes and leads with its man

3、y professional and public-focused programs. ASCE stands at the forefront of a profession that plans, designs, constructs, and operates societys economic and social engine the built environment while protecting and restoring the natural environment.For more than 20 years, the American Society of Civi

4、l Engineers (ASCE) has been releasing its quadrennial Report Card for Americas Infrastructure. In recent years, the Report Cards message has taken hold as public opinion surveys regularly show that Americans recognize the need to repair our nations aging and deteriorating infrastructure. Yet we are

5、still not investing in infrastructure to the level that is required given these systems serve as the backbone of our economy. Failing to act to rebuild Americas infrastructure costs every American family $3,300 a year, with significant costs and consequences to the national economy.The Report Card n

6、ot only defines the problems facing our nations infrastructure; it also offers solutions across all 17 categories. I am pleased to report that many of ASCEs asks have been answered, such as new funding and financing sources for building resilient infrastructure, a permanent fix for the Harbor Mainte

7、nance Trust Fund, a modernization of state dam safety programs, and a mainstreaming of asset management approaches across various infrastructure sectors.However, significant challenges remain. Going forward, bold leadership and action, long-term, consistent investment, and new approaches to ensure t

8、he resilience of our infrastructure while satisfying sustainability and climate change criteria will be the solutions to the short-term patches and small-scale improvements that have been implemented thus far. Through such transformative action, our infrastructure will be improved and built for the

9、future.All Americans share a role in renewing the nations infrastructure and preparing for the future. We must take collective action and make tough choices. Join ASCE and others in advocating for infrastructure investment and modernization by sharing this 2021 Report Card for Americas Infrastructur

10、e and contacting your elected officials. Modern, reliable infrastructure secures our nations shared prosperity, and helps us achieve our most inspiring vision of the future.2_2021 INFRASTRUCTURE REPORT CARDwww.infrastructurereportcard.orgTable of ContentsIntroduction.1Key Findings.2About the Report

11、Card for Americas Infrastructure/Methodology .3Infrastructure Categories.4Investment Pays.5Cumulative Investment Chart .6Recommendations to Raise the Grade.7Infrastructure categoriesAviation.9Bridges.18Dams.26Drinking Water.34Energy.44Hazardous Waste.55Inland Waterways.63Levees.72Parks & Recreation.

12、80Ports.90Rail.99Roads.107Schools.117Solid Waste.124Stormwater.131Transit.141Wastewater.151Broadband spotlight .162Gamechangers.167Infrastructure Report Card History.168ASCE Committee on Americas Infrastructure.169Acknowledgements.1693_2021 INFRASTRUCTURE REPORT CARDwww.infrastructurereportcard.orgI

13、ntroductionInfrastructure supports nearly every aspect of life. Our pipes deliver drinking water to homes and hospitals. Airports, railroads, and inland waterways transport goods from farms and manufacturing plants to store shelves. The roads that crisscross the country allow us to get to work and s

14、chool safely, and the network of transmission and distribution lines keeps the lights on and our electronics charged. Dams enable consistent water supply in arid climates, and levees hold back floodwaters to protect rain-soaked communities.Since ASCE began issuing the Report Card in 1998, the grades

15、 have struggled to get out of the Ds. However, more recently, decision-makers at all levels of government have recognized the critical role our infrastructure plays in supporting our quality of life and economy. Voters and lawmakers alike have championed smart infrastructure policy and increased inv

16、estment in our multimodal freight system, drinking water networks, and more. This down payment on our infrastructure bill has contributed to modest but meaningful improvements.1_2021 INFRASTRUCTURE REPORT CARDwww.infrastructurereportcard.orgFor the first time in 20 years, our infrastructure GPA is a

17、 C-, up from a D+ in 2017. This is good news and an indication were headed in the right direction, but a lot of work remains.Key FindingsThe 2021 Report Card for Americas Infrastructure reveals weve made some incremental progress toward restoring our nations infrastructure. For the first time in 20

18、years, our infrastructure is out of the D range.The 2021 grades range from a B in rail to a D- in transit. Five category grades aviation, drinking water, energy, inland waterways, and ports went up, while just one category bridges went down. And stormwater infrastructure received its first grade: a

19、disappointing D. Overall, eleven category grades were stuck in the D range, a clear signal that our overdue bill on infrastructure is a long way from being paid off.While we grade 17 categories individually, our infrastructure is a system of systems and more connected than ever before. As we look at

20、 the low grades and analyze the data behind them, there are three trends worth noting:1.Maintenance backlogs continue to be an issue, but asset management helps prioritize limited funding. Sectors like transit and wastewater have staggering maintenance deficits, but developing a clear picture of whe

21、re the available funding is most needed improves overall system performance and public safety. The drinking water sector, for example, has embraced asset management and new technology to pinpoint leaks and target repairs.2.State and local governments have made progress. Increased federal investment

22、or reform has also positively impacted certain categories.Thirty-seven states have raised their gas tax to fund critical transportation investments since 2010. Ninety-eight percent of local infrastructure ballot initiatives passed in November 2020. At least 25 major cities and states now have chief

23、resilience officers. These improvements were made by elected officials from both sides of the aisle and with strong voter support. Meanwhile, categories like ports, drinking water, and inland waterways have been the beneficiaries of increased federal funding.3. There are still infrastructure sectors

24、 where data is scarce or unreliable. Sectors like school facilities, levees, and stormwater still suffer from a lack of robust condition information or inventory of assets. To target investments and allocate funding, routine, reliable data should be the standard.The elected officials and members of

25、the public who have improved infrastructure policy and supported additional funding are applauded. Were seeing the benefits of this action in drinking water, inland waterways, and airports. The private sector has invested in the electric grid, freight rail, and more.However, significant challenges l

26、ie ahead. Importantly, the COVID-19 pandemics impacts on infrastructure revenue streams threaten to derail the modest progress weve made over the past four years. In addition, many sectors and infrastructure owners are learning what it will take to make our communities climate resilient as we grappl

27、e with more severe weather. Meanwhile, many of our legacy transportation and water resource systems are still in the D range. These infrastructure networks suffer from chronic underinvestment and are in poor condition.Were headed in the right direction, but a lot of work remains.2_2021 INFRASTRUCTUR

28、E REPORT CARDwww.infrastructurereportcard.orgAbout The Report Card for Americas InfrastructureEvery four years, Americas civil engineers provide a comprehensive assessment of the nations 17 major infrastructure categories in ASCEs Report Card for Americas Infrastructure. Using a simple A to F school

29、 report card format, the Report Card examines current infrastructure conditions and needs, assigning grades and making recommendations to raise them.The ASCE Committee on Americas Infrastructure, made up of 31 dedicated civil engineers from across the country with decades of expertise in all categor

30、ies, volunteers their time to work with ASCE Infrastructure Initiatives staff to prepare the Report Card. The Committee assesses all relevant data and reports, consults with technical and industry experts, and assigns grades using the following criteria:MethodologyCAPACITYDoes the infrastructures ca

31、pacity meet current and future demands?CONDITIONWhat is the infrastructures existing and near-future physical condition?FUNDINGWhat is the current level of funding from all levels of government for the infrastructure category as compared to the estimated funding need?FUTURE NEEDWhat is the cost to i

32、mprove the infrastructure? Will future funding prospects address the need?OPERATION AND MAINTENANCEWhat is the owners ability to operate and maintain the infrastructure properly? Is the infrastructure in compliance with government regulations?PUBLIC SAFETYTo what extent is the publics safety jeopard

33、ized by the condition of the infrastructure and what could be the consequences of failure?RESILIENCEWhat is the infrastructure systems capability to prevent or protect against significant multi-hazard threats and incidents? How able is it to quickly recover and reconstitute critical services with mi

34、nimum consequences for public safety and health, the economy, and national security?INNOVATIONWhat new and innovative techniques, materials, technologies, and delivery methods are being implemented to improve the infrastructure?In addition to this national Report Card, ASCEs sections and branches al

35、so prepare state reports on a rolling basis.Visit InfrastructureReportCard.org to learn about your states infrastructure.3_2021 INFRASTRUCTURE REPORT CARDwww.infrastructurereportcard.orgG.P.A.2021 Report Card for Americas Infrastructure AVIATION BRIDGES DAMSDRINKINGWATER ENERGYHAZARDOUS WASTEINLAND

36、WATERWAYS LEVEES PORTSPUBLICPARKS RAIL ROADS SCHOOLS SOLID WASTE STORMWATER TRANSIT WASTEWATER4_2021 INFRASTRUCTURE REPORT CARDwww.infrastructurereportcard.orgINVESTMENT PAYSEvery four years, ASCE estimates the investment needed in each infrastructure category to maintain a state of good repair and

37、earn a grade of B. The most recent analysis reveals that while weve made incremental immediate gains in some of the infrastructure categories, our long-term investment gap continues to grow. Were still just paying about half of our infrastructure bill and the total investment gap has gone from $2.1

38、trillion over 10 years to nearly $2.59 trillion over 10 years.As ASCE discovered in its 2021 study, Failure to Act: Economic Impacts of Status Quo Investment Across Infrastructure Systems, failing to close this infrastructure investment gap brings serious economic consequences. By 2039, a continued underinvestment in our infrastructu