新世纪英语专业本科生综合教程二册Unit.pptx

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1、Watch the movie clip and answer the following questions.1.Where is the engine of the 911?Pre-reading Activities-Audiovisual supplement 1Audiovisual SupplementCultural InformationIn the back of the car.The product and their manufacturing process are one unit.Automation,technology and skilled human la

2、bor combine to build the Porsche 911.And the factory runs like a precision machine.2.Whats the secret of success of that factory?第1页/共164页Pre-reading Activities-Audiovisual supplement 2Audiovisual SupplementCultural Information第2页/共164页Narrator:A German factory builds one of the worlds most famous c

3、ars.The 911 is the icon of the sports car industry.Its the shape,its the engine in the back,its the feel it gives you,its the emotion.The factory runs like a precision machine,building hundreds of engines a day.The product and our manufacturing process are one unit,and thats our secret of success.Au

4、tomation,technology and skilled human labor combine to build 16 versions of the Porsche 911,including the 911 GT3.Video Script1Audiovisual SupplementCultural Information第3页/共164页Car culture has been a major niche lifestyle in America.In the 1950s,the post-war boom produced a generation of teenagers

5、with enough income to buy their own cars.These cars became so much more than just modes of transportation.They were reflections of a lifestyle.The ability to tune and soup-up muscle cars gave average Joes the opportunity to show off their power,their speed and their style in a way that personified t

6、he car as character.1.2.Cultural information 1Audiovisual SupplementCultural Information第4页/共164页We dream of cars as we dream of lovers.Americans have always cherished personal freedom and mobility,rugged individualism and masculine force.3.Cultural information 2Audiovisual SupplementCultural Inform

7、ation4.5.6.Like Granny in Jan and Deans 1964 song“The Little Old Lady from Pasadena,”we cant keep our foot off the accelerator.We are crazy about our cars and always have been.“The American,”William Faulkner lamented in 1948,“really loves nothing but his automobile.”第5页/共164页Global Reading-Main idea

8、 1Text AnalysisStructural Analysis “Out of Step”is an exposition that presents the absurdity of the Americans dependence on cars.The Americans,being so accustomed to using cars,have almost forgotten the existence of their legs.Wherever they go,they go in their cars.As a result,pedestrian facilities

9、are neglected in city planning or rejected by the inhabitants.第6页/共164页Structural analysis 1Text AnalysisStructural AnalysisParagraphsMain idea1-67-13 14-20 The writer introduces his idea with an anecdote.In this part,the author presents the fact that the Americans are habituated to using cars for e

10、verything.In this part,the author shows that pedestrian facilities are neglected or discarded.第7页/共164页 After living in England for 20 years,my wife and I decided to move back to the United States.We wanted to live in a town small enough that we could walk to the business district,and settled on Han

11、over,N.H.,a typical New England town pleasant,sedate and compact.It has a broad central green surrounded by the venerable buildings of Dartmouth College,an old-fashioned Main Street and leafy residential neighborhoods.It is,in short,an agreeable,easy place to go about ones business on foot,and yet a

12、s far as I can tell,virtually no one does.Bill BrysonOut of StepDetailed reading1Detailed Reading12第8页/共164页Detailed reading2 Nearly every day,I walk to the post office or library or bookstore,and sometimes,if I am feeling particularly debonair,I stop at Rosey Jekes Caf for a cappuccino.Occasionally

13、,in the evenings,my wife and I stroll up to the Nugget Theatre for a movie or to Murphys on the Green for a beer,I wouldnt dream of going to any of these places by car.People have gotten used to my eccentric behavior,but in the early days acquaintances would often pull up to the curb and ask if I wa

14、nted a ride.“Im going your way,”they would insist when I politely declined.“Really,its no bother.”Detailed Reading34第9页/共164页Detailed reading3 “Honestly,I enjoy walking.”“Well,if youre sure,”they would say and depart reluctantly,even guiltily,as if leaving the scene of an accident without giving the

15、ir name.In the United States we have become so habituated to using the car for everything that it doesnt occur to us to unfurl our legs and see what those lower limbs can do.We have reached an age where college students expect to drive between classes,where parents will drive three blocks to pick up

16、 their children from a friends house,where the letter carrier takes his van up and down every driveway on a street.Detailed Reading567第10页/共164页Detailed reading4 We will go through the most extraordinary contortions to save ourselves from walking.Sometimes its almost ludicrous.The other day I was wa

17、iting to bring home one of my children from a piano lesson when a car stopped outside a post office,and a man about my age popped out and dashed inside.He was in the post office for about three or four minutes,and then came out,got in the car and drove exactly 16 feet(I had nothing better to do,so I

18、 paced it off)to the general store next door.Detailed Reading8第11页/共164页Detailed reading5Detailed Reading And the thing is,this man looked really fit.Im sure he jogs extravagant distances and plays squash and does all kinds of healthful things,but I am just as sure that he drives to each of these un

19、dertakings.An acquaintance of ours was complaining the other day about the difficulty of finding a place to park outside the local gymnasium.She goes there several times a week to walk on a treadmill.The gymnasium is,at most,a six-minute walk from her front door.910第12页/共164页Detailed reading6Detaile

20、d Reading I asked her why she didnt walk to the gym and do six minutes less on the treadmill.She looked at me as if I were tragically simple-minded and said,“But I have a program for the treadmill.It records my distance and speed and calorie burn rate,and I can adjust it for degree of difficulty.”I

21、confess it had not occurred to me how thoughtlessly deficient nature is in this regard.111213第13页/共164页Detailed reading7Detailed Reading According to a concerned and faintly horrified 1997 editorial in the Boston Globe,the United States spent less than one percent of its transportation budget on fac

22、ilities for pedestrians.Actually,Im surprised it was that much.Go to almost any suburb developed in the last 30 years,and you will not find a sidewalk anywhere.Often you wont find a single pedestrian crossing.I had this brought home to me one summer when we were driving across Maine and stopped for

23、coffee in one of those endless zones of shopping malls,motels,gas stations and fast-food places.I noticed there was a bookstore across the street,so I decided to skip coffee and head over.1415第14页/共164页Detailed reading8Detailed Reading Although the bookshop was no more than 70 or 80 feet away,I disc

24、overed that there was no way to cross on foot without dodging over six lanes of swiftly moving traffic.In the end,I had to get in our car and drive across.At the time,it seemed ridiculous and exasperating,but afterward I realized that I was possibly the only person ever to have entertained the notio

25、n of negotiating that intersection on foot.1617第15页/共164页Detailed reading9Detailed Reading The fact is,we not only dont walk anywhere anymore in this country,we wont walk anywhere,and woe to anyone who tries to make us,as the city of Laconia,N.H.,discovered.In the early 1970s,Laconia spent millions

26、on a comprehensive urban renewal project,which included building a pedestrian mall to make shopping more pleasant.Esthetically it was a triumph urban planners came from all over to coo and take photos but commercially it was a disaster.Forced to walk one whole block from a parking garage,shoppers ab

27、andoned downtown Laconia for suburban malls.18第16页/共164页Detailed reading10Detailed Reading In 1994 Laconia dug up its pretty paving blocks,took away the tubs of geraniums and decorative trees,and brought back the cars.Now people can park right in front of the stores again,and downtown Laconia thrive

28、s anew.And if that isnt sad.I dont know what is.1920第17页/共164页What kind of town is it?Detailed reading1-Quesion 1It is a small,pleasant and agreeable town.The inhabitants are friendly and willing to help.But although the town is compact,few people go about on foot.Detailed Reading第18页/共164页Detailed

29、reading1-Quesion 2What is considered the authors“eccentric behavior”?Instead of riding a car,the author walks around the city,doing his shopping,going to the movies or visiting the caf or bar.To people who are used to going everywhere in a car,he is an eccentric.Detailed Reading第19页/共164页Detailed re

30、ading1-Quesion 3Why would drivers“depart reluctantly,even guiltily”when their offer was declined?With cars becoming the basic essentials of their life,people are so habituated to using the car for everything.The scene of somebody walking around seemed so unusual to them that they would naturally sho

31、w their concern to him.When their offer to give him a ride was declined,they were sorry for not being able to help him out.Detailed Reading第20页/共164页Detailed reading1-Quesion 4Why did the author say“Actually,Im surprised it was that much”?When the author found that the newly planned suburbs totally

32、overlooked pedestrian needs,he assumed there was no budget for pedestrian facilities at all.So he says he was surprised to learn that there actually was less than one percent of budget on it.Here the author writes with a touch of irony.Detailed Reading第21页/共164页Detailed reading1-Quesion 5Why did Lac

33、onia change its downtown pedestrian mall to one with parking lots?Although the pedestrian mall was well decorated,shoppers were unwilling to walk to the stores from a parking garage.As a result,it was a commercial failure.The government had to compromise with the public preference.Detailed Reading第2

34、2页/共164页Detailed reading1 Activity 1Class ActivityGroup discussion:What does the title mean?With the use of this title,the writer seems to suggest Detailed Readingpeople no longer walk in America;the few people who do walk seem to be old-fashioned and“eccentric”.第23页/共164页sedate a.calm,serious and f

35、ormalDetailed reading1 sedate e.g.She is a sedate old lady;she is caring but never talks much.The fight against a nuclear power station site has transformed a normally sedate town into a battlefield.Derivation:sedately(ad.),sedation(n.),sedative(a.,n.)v.make calm or sleepy,esp.with a druge.g.The pat

36、ient was heavily sedated and resting quietly in bed.Detailed Reading第24页/共164页Detailed reading1 eccentriceccentric a.(of people or behavior)unconventional and slightly strangee.g.The old gentleman,who lived alone all his life,was said to have some eccentric habits.n.a person of unconventional and sl

37、ightly strange views or behaviore.g.The old gentleman enjoyed a colorful reputation as an engaging eccentric.Detailed Reading第25页/共164页curb n.(British English:kerb)a line of raised stones separating the footpath from the roadv./n.(place)a control or limit on sth.undesirable Detailed reading1 curbe.g

38、.Poor nutrition can curb a childs development both physically and mentally.There will be curbs on drunk-driving from next month.Detailed Reading第26页/共164页Detailed reading1-habituatehabituate v.accustom by frequent repetition or prolonged exposuree.g.You must habituate yourself to reading aloud.By th

39、e end of the school term,the students had been habituated/accustomed/used to rising at five oclock.Detailed Reading第27页/共164页Detailed reading1 contortion 1contortion n.a twisted position or movement that looks surprising or strangee.g.The spectators cannot but admire the contortions of the gymnasts.

40、Derivation:contort(v.)cause sth.to twist out of its natural shape and looks strange or unttractiveDetailed Reading第28页/共164页The human understanding is like a false mirror,which,receiving rays irregularly distorts and discolors the nature of things by mingling its own nature with it.(Francis Bacon).D

41、etailed reading1 contortion 2e.g.Comparison:distort,twist,deform,contort&warpThese verbs mean to change and spoil the form or character of sth.To distort is to alter in shape,as by torsion or wrenching;the term also applies to verbal or pictorial misrepresentation and to alteration or perversion of

42、the meaning of sth.distort:Detailed Reading第29页/共164页Great erosion deformed the landscape.The earlier part of his discourse was deformed by pedantic divisions and subdivisions.Detailed reading1 contortion 3a mouth twisted with pain He accused me of twisting his words to mean what I wanted them to.e.

43、g.Comparison:twist:Twist applies to distortion of form or meaning.e.g.deform:If you deform sth.,or if it deforms,its usual shape changes so that its usefulness or appearance is spoiled.Detailed Reading第30页/共164页The floorboards had warped over the years.e.g.Detailed reading1 contortion 4a face contor

44、ted with ragea contorted line of reasoninge.g.Comparison:contort:If you contort sth.,or if it contorts,it twists out of its normal shape and looks strange or unattractive.warp:Warp can refer to a turning or twisting from a flat or straight form.Detailed ReadingIt also can imply influencing sb.in a w

45、ay that has a harmful effect on how they think or behave.Prejudice warps the judgment.e.g.第31页/共164页Detailed reading1 bring sth.home to sb.1bring sth.home to sb.make sb.realize sth.e.g.The professor drove home to them that they must finish the writing assignment by Friday.Comparison:drive sth.home t

46、o sb.,hit/strike homedrive sth.home to sb.:make sb.realize sth.,esp.by saying it often,loudly,angrily,etc.e.g.The news report has brought home to us all the plight of the prisoners of war.Detailed Reading第32页/共164页Detailed reading1 bring sth.home to sb.2e.g.You could see from his expression that her

47、 sarcastic comments had hit/stricken home.Comparison:hit/strike home:(of remarks,etc.)have the intended(often painful)effectDetailed Reading第33页/共164页Detailed reading1-entertainentertain v.consider an idea,etc.or allow yourself to think that sth.might happen or be truee.g.He refused to entertain our

48、 proposal.entertain ideas,doubts,etc.Detailed Reading第34页/共164页Detailed reading1 negotiate 1negotiate v.get over or past(an obstacle,etc.)successfully;manage to travel along a difficult routee.g.The only way to negotiate the path is on foot.Frank Mariano negotiates the dessert terrain in his battere

49、d pickup.Detailed Reading第35页/共164页Detailed reading1 negotiate 2那攀登者得攀越一陡峭岩石。那马轻易跳过了栅栏。Practice:The climber had to negotiate a steep rock face.The horse negotiated the fence with ease.Detailed Reading第36页/共164页Detailed reading1 coocoo v.speak in a soft,gentle,and loving way,esp.when expressing surpr

50、isee.g.“How wonderful to see you again,darling,”she cooed.The little girl is always cooing over those parrots of hers.Detailed Reading第37页/共164页Detailed reading1 anewanew adv.(fml.)again or one more time,esp.in a different waye.g.The scientists started the experiment anew.The film tells anew the sto