中考英语-完形填空的解题方法和技巧-ppt课件.pptx

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1、完形填空的解题完形填空的解题方法和技巧方法和技巧完形填空的解题方法和技巧完形填空的解题方法和技巧 尽尽管看起来来形式上有残残缺（若干个个空），但它它的内内容和语言习惯、句与与句之间的衔接点、句子与与段落之间的联系、段落与与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清清观点、分清清层次是十分重要的一步。我们必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与与词之间、从从语法到意义的合理搭配。原则上讲完形填填空的每一道题都有暗示即clues,有的在本句中，有的在前，称称为前提示，有的在后，称称为后暗示,有的暗含于语篇中。要充分利用首句的要充分利用首句的标

2、示作用标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息文章的有用信息（when,where,who,what,hwhen,where,who,what,howow)要注意尾句的提示和总要注意尾句的提示和总结作用结作用1.故事的结局故事的结局2.问题的结论问题的结论3.幽默或富有哲幽默或富有哲理的结尾理的结尾留意文章中有中文注释留意文章中有中文注释的词的词有注

3、释的词往往对有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有理解短文和解题有帮助。帮助。完形填空的解题方法和技巧完形填空的解题方法和技巧Step1Step1抓住首尾，了解短文抓住首尾，了解短文完形填空的解题方法和技巧完形填空的解题方法和技巧Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car wh

4、en we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.”He said.“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.”said Mr.Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and mor

5、e than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)is a growing problem forChinese families.”said Mr.WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents.More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons.We all kno

6、w it is important for kids to learn how to relax.If they dont learn that now,it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 .Kids need time to relax.Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.完形填空共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟撇开选项不谈，单从这些句撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：信息：（1 1）XiaoQiang XiaoQiang

7、是个是个1212岁中岁中国男孩。国男孩。（2 2）他有许多活动。）他有许多活动。（3 3）专家认为过量的）专家认为过量的课程安课程安排是个问题排是个问题 。（4 4）孩子们需要时间休息。）孩子们需要时间休息。可以推测：可以推测：这篇文章是介绍青少年日这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题会问题第三段首句：第三段首句：“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安过量的课程安排排)is a growing problem for Chinese familie

8、s.”首句首句:Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities中文注释：中文注释：an expert(专家专家)尾句：尾句：Kids need time to relax.Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.完形填空的解题方法和技巧完形填空的解题方法和技巧Step 2 通读全文通读全文,把握脉络把握脉络 通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。理清了观点、分清了层次。本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时

9、间本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种各样的奔走于各种各样的after school activities after school activities 的问题，专家呼吁的问题，专家呼吁Kids need time to relax.Kids need time to relax.Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too manyactivitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practic

10、e“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do therest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.”Hesaid.“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have toomany activities to do.”said Mr.Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they f

11、elt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that theywished they had more 6 to play.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)is a growing problem forChinese families.”said Mr.WangIt is not good for both kidsand their parents.More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fastfood 8 their way to football practice

12、or music lessons.We allknow it is important for kids to learn how to relax.If they dont learn that now,it will be more difficult to learn when they get9 .Kids need time to relax.Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.跳过空格通读短文跳过空格通读短文Step 3 瞻前顾后，上下求索瞻前顾后，上下求索 本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答

13、案，并划出语篇标志和答题暗示。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。完形填空。（共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟）Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get

14、 homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.”He said.“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.”said Mr.Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to pl

15、ay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)is a growing problem for Chinese families.”said Mr.WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents.More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons.We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax.If they do

16、nt learn that now,it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 .Kids need time to relax.Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.平平行行结结构构1.A.take B.takes C.took D.has taken2.A.sports B.business C.homework D.housework3.A.riding B.flying C.walking D.driving完形填空。（共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟）Xiao Qian

17、g，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.”He said.“More and m

18、ore kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.”said Mr.Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 46 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)is a growing problem for Chines

19、e families.”said Mr.WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents.More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons.We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax.If they dont learn that now,it will be more difficult to learn when th

20、ey get 9 .Kids need time to relax.Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.前前提提示示后暗示后暗示1.A.take B.takes C.took D.has taken2.A.sports B.business C.homework D.housework3.A.riding B.flying C.walking D.driving相同或相似结构相同或相似结构完形填空。（共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟）Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many

21、activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.”He said.“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too ma

22、ny activities to do.”said Mr.Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)is a growing problem for Chinese families.”said Mr.WangIt is not good for

23、both kids and their parents.More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons.We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax.If they dont learn that now,it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 .Kids need time to relax.Parents s

24、hould 10 about what is right for kids.后暗示后暗示平平行行结结构构 7.A.slowly B.quickly C.quietly D.happily 8.A.on B.by C.in D.across 9.A.taller B.stronger C.older D.better10.A.hear B.think C.look D.tell固固定定搭搭配配结合句义推测结合句义推测固定搭配、语境固定搭配、语境Step 4 再读文章，核查答案再读文章，核查答案将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：争取做到：结构正确结构正确+语义通顺语义通顺+逻辑合

25、理逻辑合理。保留解题痕迹的卷面：Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to s

26、leep.”He said.“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.”said Mr.Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)is a gr

27、owing problem for Chinese families.”said Mr.WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents.More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons.We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax.If they dont learn that now,it will be more di

28、fficult to learn when they get 9 .Kids need time to relax.Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.后暗示后暗示平平行行结结构构固固定定搭搭配配结合句义推测结合句义推测固定搭配、语境固定搭配、语境前提前提示示后暗示后暗示平平行行结结构构具体解题步骤具体解题步骤1 1、抓住首尾，了解短文、抓住首尾，了解短文2 2、通读全文，把握脉络、通读全文，把握脉络3 3、瞻前顾后，上下求索、瞻前顾后，上下求索4 4、再读文章，核查答案、再读文章，核查答案勾勾划划、研研读读首首句句尾尾句句以以及及有有

29、中中文文注注释释的单词的单词,打开答题窗口打开答题窗口,了解全文。了解全文。跳跳过过空空格格，速速读读全全文文，把把握握大大意意。注注意意文文中中的的语语篇篇标标志志，和和句句中中的的连连词词,捕捉关键词汇。捕捉关键词汇。前前后后联联系系，先先易易后后难难。运运用用解解题题策策略略从从句句子子、段段落落、语语篇篇层层面面解解题题，划划出出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。代代入入答答案案，再再读读全全文文，反反复复检检查查 争争取取做做到到：结结构构正正确确+语语义义通通顺顺+逻逻辑辑合合理理。少少 于于 1分分钟钟约约5分钟分钟约约2分钟分钟约约 2分分钟钟完形填空解

30、题技巧口诀完形填空解题技巧口诀要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。特别提示：特别提示：信息常识，上下呼应，搭配遣词，逻辑贯通信息常识，上下呼应，搭配遣词，逻辑贯通Some years ago,Chinese high school students w

31、ould show their new schoolbags,new clothes or new pens to their classmates when the new term started.Today,however,all have 1 .If you still come back to school 2 only these things,you are falling out-of-date(过时的).Students in big cities like to bring the latest high-tech things to school,and feel hap

32、py and 3 to show off these things to 4 .Mobile phones,MP3 players,CD players,electronic dictionaries,the list is endless.Young people think that,living in the 21st century,they must keep up with the 5 .They dont want to fall 6 .Besides,they think 7 they need to keep in touch with their classmates,so

33、 they need mobile phones.They also like to 8 the pop music,so they need CD players.They explain that,9 like electronic dictionaries,these can be 10 in their study,11 .They think that their parents should understand 12 they want these things.Foreign students will also bring some latest high-tech thin

34、gs when they 13 to school at the beginning of a new term.14 ,they often use the money which they made by themselves during the holiday to 15 these high-tech things that they want.()1AchangedBcomeCjoined Dstopped()2Ato Bfrom Cof Dwith()3Aright Blucky Cnice Dpleased()4Aother Bthe other Cothers Dthe ot

35、hers()5Atimes Bdays Cyears Ddate()6Adown Boff Cbehind Dback()7Athat Bhow Cif Dwhich()8Ahear Blisten to Cread Dplay()9Alook Bjust Cfeel Dsomething()10Anew Bmodern Clatest Duseful()11Aalso Btoo Ceither Dthen()12Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhy()13Areturn Breturn back Creach Darrive()14ABut BHowever CSo DStill()15Aborrow Bbuy Clend Dtake 课堂后测 1-5 ADDCA 6-10 CABBD 11-15 BDABB THANKS