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1、SentenceStructureBYLIZACHARLESWORTHILLUSTRATED BYDOUGJONES120One day, Kevin Crabtree had a great idea for a story. Butwhen he sat down to write it, the very first sentencerefused to behave. It ran and ran and ran. In fact, it ranright off the page and out of his bedroom!Grammar Tales Teaching GuideP
2、age 97The No-Good, Rotten,Run-On SentenceThe No-Good, Rotten,Run-On SentenceOnceuponatimetherewasamonsternamedMelvinDo you know what arun-on sentence is?Share your ideas.OnceuponatimetherewasamonsternamedMelvinwholivedunderthebedofTimothyTrumbillheandTimwerebestfriendsN.Kevin ran as fast as he could
3、. Finally, hecaught that pesky sentence.8.O.Miss Bartlebine gave Kevin her penciland showed him how to fix theproblem.P.Miss Bartlebine gave Kevin her pencil,she showed him how to fix the problem.9.Q.Running all over town Kevin discovered anew talent.R.After running all over town, Kevindiscovered a
4、new talent.10.S.Not only was he a good writer he wasalso a fast runner. T.Not only was he a good writer, but heKevinsstory had a lot of good ideas, butthey were all crowded into one sentence. Youcan write your own no-good, rotten, run-onsentence and then fix it yourself! Just let yourideas flow out
5、on the paper. Dont worry aboutpunctuation. Then go back and fix your story bybreaking it into separate sentences and addingcorrect punctuation. Which version looks better?192But Kevin had to get his thoughts down, so he just kept writing. A minute later, he heard a crash. Then, his sisterDarcy burst
6、 in. “Whats the deal with that sentence?” sheasked. “It ran through the kitchen and knocked over mycereal. Then it ran out the open window!”21ABGrammar Tales Teaching GuidePage 98Scholastic grants teachers permission to reprint this book for educational purposes.Copyright 2004 by Scholastic. All rig
7、hts reserved.Printed in the U.S.A.butsometimestheyarguedoverwhichbaseballteamwasbestpaper, it ran right out the front door.4.G.Kevin chased after the sentence, hissister followed close behind.H.Kevin chased after the sentence, and hissister followed close behind.5.I.Mrs. Smoodles dog tried to catch
8、it therun-on sentence was too fast for him.J.Mrs. Smoodles dog tried to catch it, butthe run-on sentence was too fast for him.6.K.Cowboy Cal couldnt catch it, his lassowas too short.L.Cowboy Cal couldnt catch it because hislasso was too short.7.M.Kevin ran as fast as he could, finally, hecaught that
9、 pesky sentence.was also a fast runner.11.U.Kevin doesnt run after his sentencesanymore. He runs on the track team instead! V.Kevin doesnt run after his sentencesanymore, he runs on the track team instead!Now crack the code!Each number belowstands for one of the questions. Write the letter ofthe cor
10、rect answer above each number. Then readyour secret message!You dont let run-ons give you _ _ _ 10 4 3_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ! 9 11 7 1 9 8 11 7 2516Along came Mrs. Smoodle and her dog, Lightning.“Whats all the commotion?” she asked.“Kevin is writing a story and his first sentence willnot stop,” yelped D
11、arcy. “I tried to catch it, but it justkeeps running!”And thats exactly what she did. After that, Kevin never hada problem with a run-on sentence again. And his excellentstory was published to rave reviews, with a great big dedication to dear Miss Bartlebine.183Kevin put down his pencil. “I dont kno
12、w whats wrong.My story idea is fantastic, but the first sentence justkeeps going and going and going and going”“I think I get the idea. Dont worry. Ill catch it,” repliedDarcy, who was the fastest runner in all of Blathertown. Grammar Tales Teaching GuidePage 99butsometimestheyarguedoverwhichbasebal
13、lteamwasbestandwhichwasthemostdeliciouskindofcandybarA sentence is a group ofwords that expresses acomplete thought oridea. A run-on sentencecrowds too many ideasinto one sentence, ordoesnt link them withproper punctuation.What have you learnedabout run-on sentences? Talk about it.Is this a run-onse
14、ntence?The queen ate her puddingwith a golden spoon froma golden bowl and was sovery happy to have a petpig named Gertrude, wholoved pudding almost asmuch as pickles but not asmuch as apple pie.themonstersnamewasBernardandhehadorangepolkadotsonhisbackRule Out Run-ons!Look at each set of sentences. F
15、ill inthe circle next to the sentence that is not a run-on. Thenuse the letters of your answers to decode the secretmessage at the end.1. A.Kevin Crabtree was bored, so hedecided to write a story. B.Kevin Crabtree was bored, he decided towrite a story.2.C.He had a lot of great ideas, before heknew i
16、t he had written the longestsentence in the world!D.He had a lot of great ideas. Before heknew it, he had written the longestsentence in the world!3.E.Kevin tried to keep his sentence on thepaper, but it ran right out the front door.F.Kevin tried to keep his sentence on the(Answer: yes)156She then r
17、eturned the pencil to her purse, declaring, “Mywork here is done. Now, lets go over and visit Kevin. Idlike to give him a little grammar lesson.”“Oh my! Thats soooo rude!” declared Mrs. Smoodle.“This sounds like a job for Lightning. After all, hes thefastest dog in all of Blathertown. Hell get that
18、no-good,rotten, run-on sentence or his names not Lightning-Sweetie-Pie-Shmoopie Smoodle III .” Then she pointedher finger at the sentence and commanded, “Fetch, boy!”4Darcy put on her running shoes and darted out the door.She passed a skateboarder and a biker and a bus. Shehuffed and puffed, but she
19、 just couldnt catch that no-good, rotten, run-on sentence!17CDGrammar Tales Teaching GuidePage 100of orange spots on his skin.When he was done,he stoodin fronthimself.Now,it was time to find Timothy.When Timothy saw Melvin,did those orange spots come from?”he exclaimed. Timothy wasMelvin the Monster
20、,especially his beautiful,red spotless skin.Now its your turn. Break this run-on sentenceinto a bunch of shorter sentences. The ice-cream truck played a happy tune it pulledup to Claudias corner the good news was that shehad 75 cents for a cone the bad news was that theice-cream man was completely o
21、ut of fudge-ripple-peppermint-strawberry swirl which happened to beher favorite flavor.stilltheyhadagreatlifeuntilonedayanothermonsterknockedonthedoorLets Review:Sentence StructureUsing proper sentence structure helps makeideas clear and keeps readers from gettingconfused. A run-on sentence happens
22、whenthere is a mistake in sentence structure. A sentence is a group of words that expresses a completethought or idea. A run-on sentence is a sentence that triesto include too many ideas at once, making it “run on” waytoo long. Run-on sentences also occur when two or moresentences are linked togethe
23、r improperly, or without thecorrect punctuation. One way to fix a run-on sentence is to divide it into twosmaller ones. For instance: The monsters name wasBernard, he had orange polka dots on his back. Thatsentence can be divided into two separate ideas: Themonsters name was Bernard. He had orange p
24、olka dots onhis back. Another possible way to fix a run-on sentence is by addinga word like but, yet, for, because, or and. For instance:The monsters name was Bernard, and he had orangepolka dots on his back. Remember, a run-on sentence doesnt have to be long!Any sentence that improperly links ideas
25、, even short ones,is a run-on. Heres an example: Come inside, its raining.Can you think of two different ways to correct it?BernardsaidthathewasfromFranceandneededaplacetostay912“Why, Ill get that ornery, disrespectful gaggle of words ifits the last thing I do,” said Cowboy Cal. He twirled hislasso
26、this way and that and took expert aim. But to hissurprise, that no-good, rotten, run-on sentence slippedright through the rope and kept on going!“A pencil?” they exclaimed. “Thats no match for the no-good, rotten, run-on sentence.” Next, Miss Bartlebine didan amazing thing: She pointed the pencil at
27、 the sentenceand started editing. She broke it apart into smallersentences. She added capital letters and commas andperiods and question marks and even an exclamationpoint or two. 14“How did you do that?” Darcy exclaimed. “Well, when a sentence keeps going and going, itbecomes what is known as a run
28、-on sentence. Run-onsentences are good sentences gone bad. Ideas getconfused. Readers get lost. Its NOT a pretty sight,”sighed Miss Bartlebine.7As expected, Lightning took off like a flash. He passed ajogger and a roller skater and a pizza delivery truck, but itwas no use. He just couldnt catch that
29、 no-good, rotten, run-on sentence.Grammar Tales Teaching GuidePage 101Melvin the Monster took a paintbrush and carefully dabbed hundredsof the full-length mirror.“Wow,I really look different!”he said to he was so surprised that he nearly hit the ceiling.“Wherevery,very,very upset.You see,he loved ev
30、erything aboutMelvinthoughtofeachoneasaclosepersonalfriendWhich of these is a run-on sentence?1. The clown with the rainbow wig andpurple gloves, who had just joined thecircus and was excited about it, juggledjellybeans and donuts.2. The lion tamer did not go in the cage,it was way too scary in ther
31、e.ThenMelvingotagreatidea.“Illpaintbig,brightorangespotsonmybacktoo!”Afterawhile,TimothystartedpayingmoreattentiontoBernardthanMelvin.ThatIs this a run-on sentence?The king ate his pudding, itwas quite tasty.buttherewasreallynotenoughroomunderthebedbecause(Answer: yes)(Answer: both)11By the time the
32、y arrived, everyone had scattered to thesafety of their homes. Everyone, but Dear Miss Bartlebine.“Watch out!” they screamed. “Its Kevins no-good, rotten,run-on sentence!”“Oh that silly thing,” she replied calmly. “Ill take careof it.” Then she reached inside her purse and pulled out a red pencil.10
33、“Look! Its heading for the center of town!” gulped Darcy.With no time to spare, the four of them hopped onCowboy Cals horse and galloped toward Town Square.13Then before you knew it, that no-good, rotten, run-on sentence was no more. And in its place were dozens oftidy, clear, perfectly polite sente
34、ncesalong with the startof a darn good story. 8Along came Cowboy Cal on his horse. “Howdy, partners.Why the long faces?”“Kevin is writing a story and his first sentence keepsrunning and not even Lightning can catch it!” explainedMrs. Smoodle.EFGrammar Tales Teaching GuidePage 102hethought.Thatway,Il
35、lbejustashandsomeasBernard.madeMelvingetprettyjealous,butwhatcouldhedo?Sometimes you can fix run-on sentences by adding a wordlike but, yet, for, because, or and. Can you fix these sentenceswith one of them?1. The woodchuck was always late to school, his alarm clock was broken.2. The chipmunk was funny, the squirrel was funnier.thereweresomanydustbunniesunderthereandreluctantlyMelvindecidedtoletBernardstayaslongasheagreedtohideunderTimothysbedwhenhismomcamein
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