高考英语语法专项复习：冠词 课件.ppt

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1、2021/8/11 星期三1一冠词的概述一冠词的概述冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，帮助说明冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，帮助说明名词的含义它可以说是名词的一种标志，不能名词的含义它可以说是名词的一种标志，不能离开名词离开名词而单独存在而单独存在冠词是高考每年毕考的内容考点主要分布冠词是高考每年毕考的内容考点主要分布在单项选择，完型填空和短文改错题中在单项选择，完型填空和短文改错题中2021/8/11 星期三2分类位置基本用法2021/8/11 星期三3冠词有哪些？冠词不定冠词a/an定冠词 the2021/8/11 星期三4定冠词不定冠词 a/an零冠词 /the 1.a用在辅音音素开头的单词

2、前,an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前2.判断一个词是元音还是辅音开头是根据其读音的而不是字母分类冠词有哪些？2021/8/11 星期三51 _ hour 2._ useful animal3._one-eyed dog4._ European girl5._ honest boy6._ ugly man7._ 800-word-long composition8._ jeepanaaaananana/au/ju:/w/ju/归纳：归纳：元音音标开头的用元音音标开头的用an，辅音音标开头的用，辅音音标开头的用a.2021/8/11 星期三6位置a bananathe man in the tre

3、eBoys like basketball.Rice is not enough.归纳：表示类指时归纳：表示类指时 a/an+单数名词单数名词the+单数名词单数名词/+复数名词不可数名词复数名词不可数名词2021/8/11 星期三7基本用法：零冠词不定冠词2021/8/11 星期三8零冠词不用冠词的情况Boys like basketball.归纳：归纳：复数名词前不用冠词复数名词前不用冠词2021/8/11 星期三9零冠词不用冠词的情况My father went to his doctor for advice.归纳：归纳：不可数名词前不用冠词不可数名词前不用冠词2021/8/11 星期

4、三10零冠词不用冠词的情况He was born in February.归纳：归纳：月份前不用冠词月份前不用冠词2021/8/11 星期三11零冠词不用冠词的情况There are four seasons in a year:spring,summer,autumn,winter.归纳：归纳：季节前不用冠词季节前不用冠词2021/8/11 星期三12零冠词不用冠词的情况We have lessons from Monday to saturday归纳：归纳：星期前不用冠词星期前不用冠词2021/8/11 星期三13零冠词不用冠词的情况We will be happy on New Year

5、s Day.归纳：归纳：节假日前不用冠词节假日前不用冠词2021/8/11 星期三14零冠词不用冠词的情况Beijing is in China and China is in Asia.归纳：归纳：城市，国家，洲前不用冠词，除了城市，国家，洲前不用冠词，除了the U.S.A.2021/8/11 星期三15零冠词不用冠词的情况Mr Li is chairman of the meeting.归纳：归纳：头衔，呼语头衔，呼语,职务前不用冠词职务前不用冠词2021/8/11 星期三16零冠词不用冠词的情况What would you like for breakfast.归纳：归纳：三餐前不用冠

6、词三餐前不用冠词breakfast,lunch,supper2021/8/11 星期三17零冠词不用冠词的情况I hope we can be united to play basketball well.归纳：归纳：球类前不用冠词球类前不用冠词.football,volleyball.2021/8/11 星期三18零冠词不用冠词的情况I like maths very much,but I hate English very much.归纳：归纳：学科名词前不用冠词学科名词前不用冠词2021/8/11 星期三19零冠词不用冠词的情况Can you play chess?归纳：归纳：棋类名词前

7、不用冠词棋类名词前不用冠词2021/8/11 星期三20归纳：归纳：固定词组固定词组2021/8/11 星期三21不定冠词的用法A man is looking for you.归纳：泛指某人或某事物泛指某人或某事物2021/8/11 星期三22不定冠词的用法Do you have a car?I want to be a teacher.归纳：代表某一类人或事物代表某一类人或事物2021/8/11 星期三23不定冠词的用法A person has a mouth,a nose,two ears and two eyes.归纳：表示一个，意为表示一个，意为one.2021/8/11 星期三24

8、归纳：归纳：固定词组固定词组2021/8/11 星期三25定冠词的用法The man in blue is my brother.归纳：特指某人或某事物特指某人或某事物2021/8/11 星期三26定冠词的用法There is a bag on the desk.The bag is Mikes归纳：第一次提到用第一次提到用a/an，第二次提到，第二次提到用用the.2021/8/11 星期三27定冠词的用法Open the window to let some fresh air in.归纳：表示交谈双方都知道的人或事物表示交谈双方都知道的人或事物2021/8/11 星期三28定冠词的用法T

9、he sun and the moon are in the sky,while the earth is not in the sky.归纳：世界上独一无二的事物前世界上独一无二的事物前2021/8/11 星期三29定冠词的用法Zhejiang lies in the southeast of China.归纳：方位名词前方位名词前the east,south,north,westthe right,left,front2021/8/11 星期三30定冠词的用法He was the first to the classroom.归纳：序数词前序数词前,表示排序表示排序2021/8/11 星期

10、三31定冠词的用法He was only 5 years old when I first saw him.Can you give me a second chance,please?归纳：当序数词修饰动词时不用冠词当序数词修饰动词时不用冠词a/an+序数词表示另一，序数词表示另一，又一，再一又一，再一2021/8/11 星期三32定冠词的用法He is the tallest boy in Class 2.Who play the piano best?归纳：形容词最高级前形容词最高级前 副词最高级前副词最高级前the可用，可不用，一般可用，可不用，一般省略不用省略不用 2021/8/11

11、 星期三33定冠词的用法 The wounded is in pain now.归纳：the+某些形容词或过去分词表示一类人某些形容词或过去分词表示一类人thepoor/rich/sick/deaf/blind/wounded/old/dead/dying/young/living.2021/8/11 星期三34定冠词的用法Which is the larger country,Canada or America?归纳：用于比较级前表示两者中较用于比较级前表示两者中较.的的 2021/8/11 星期三35定冠词的用法The more you give,the more you will get

12、.归纳：the+比较级比较级.,the+比较级比较级.表示越表示越.，就越就越 2021/8/11 星期三36定冠词的用法The Smiths are at table now.归纳：the+姓氏复数表示一家人或夫妇姓氏复数表示一家人或夫妇 2021/8/11 星期三37定冠词的用法The Great Wall The Tang DynastyTHe Yellow RiverThe Pacific OceanThe West Lake 归纳：用于普通名词构成的专有名词前用于普通名词构成的专有名词前 2021/8/11 星期三38定冠词的用法I can play the piano and th

13、e violin.归纳：用于西洋乐器前，中国乐器前不用冠词用于西洋乐器前，中国乐器前不用冠词play erhu 2021/8/11 星期三39定冠词的用法in the 1990s.归纳：用于世纪的某个年代前用于世纪的某个年代前 2021/8/11 星期三40定冠词的用法He is paid by the hour.归纳：用于表示数量的名词前用于表示数量的名词前 2021/8/11 星期三41定冠词的用法The Chinese are a hard-working people.归纳：用于某些表示民族的形容词前，特指全用于某些表示民族的形容词前，特指全体体 2021/8/11 星期三42基础过关

14、（）1.Theres _ umbrella behind the door.A.the B.aB.C.an D./C2021/8/11 星期三43基础过关（）2.How many people are still leading _ life under _ poverty line in the world.A.the;/B.a;theB.C./;/D.a;aB2021/8/11 星期三44基础过关（）3.Alice is fond of playing _ violin while Henry is interested in listening to _ musicA./;the B./

15、;/B.C.the;/D.the;theC2021/8/11 星期三45基础过关（）4.She is _ newcomer to _ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.A.the;the B.the;/B.C.a;/D.a;theC2021/8/11 星期三46基础过关（）5._ French are a romantic people A.A B.AnB.C.The D./C2021/8/11 星期三47基础过关（）6.Who did you spend last weekend with?-_.A.P

16、almers B.The PalmersB.C.The Palmers D.The PalmersC2021/8/11 星期三48基础过关（）7.Summers in _ south of France are for _ most part dry and sunny.A./;a B.the;/B.C./;/D.the;theD2021/8/11 星期三49基础过关（）8.Paper money was in_ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _ thirteenth century.A.the;the B.the;/B

17、.C./;/D./;theD2021/8/11 星期三50基础过关（）9._ Europe and _ America are separated by _ Atlantic Ocean.A./;/;the B.The;the;/B.C./;/;/D.The;the;theA2021/8/11 星期三51基础过关（）10.At the conference Stevenson was elected _ of _ World Health Organization.A.Chairman;a B.chairman;the B.C.a chairman;a D.the chairman;theB2

18、021/8/11 星期三52体验高考（）1.1.Johnson had made up his mind to give it up,but on _ second thought he determine to try _ third time,2.A.a;a B./;/3.C.the;a D./;aD2021/8/11 星期三53体验高考（）1.2.In 1854 Pastor was made _ head of _ department of science at the university of Lille.2.A.the;the B.a;a3.C./;a D./;theD2021

19、/8/11 星期三54体验高考（）1.3.-Who came out_ first in the London Marathon?2.-Michael.Hes always _ first to reach the line.3.A.the;the B./;/4.C.the;/D./;theD2021/8/11 星期三55体验高考（）1.4.I know you dont like _ music very much.But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday 2.A.the;the B./;/3.C.the;/D

20、./;theD2021/8/11 星期三56体验高考（）1.4.I know you dont like _ music very much.But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday.2.A.the;the B./;/3.C.the;/D./;the4.2006全国高考D2021/8/11 星期三57体验高考（）1.5.Of the two sisters,Betty is _ one,and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.2.A.a younger B.a

21、youngest3.C.the younger D.the youngest4.2006全国高考C2021/8/11 星期三58基础过关（）7.Summers in _ south of France are for _ most part dry and sunny.A./;a B.the;/B.C./;/D.the;theD2021/8/11 星期三59基础过关（）8.Paper money was in_ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _ thirteenth century.A.the;the B.the;/B.

22、C./;/D./;theD2021/8/11 星期三60基础过关（）9._ Europe and _ America are separated by _ Atlantic Ocean.A./;/;the B.The;the;/B.C./;/;/D.The;the;theA2021/8/11 星期三61基础过关（）10.At the conference Stevenson was elected _ of _ World Health Organization.A.Chairman;a B.chairman;the B.C.a chairman;a D.the chairman;theB20

23、21/8/11 星期三62体验高考（）1.Johnson had made up his mind to give it up,but on _ second thought he determine to try _ third time,A.a;a B./;/C.the;a D./;aD2021/8/11 星期三63体验高考（）2.In 1854 Pastor was made _ head of _ department of science at the university of Lille.A.the;the B.a;aC./;a D./;theD2021/8/11 星期三64体验

24、高考（）3.-Who came out_ first in the London Marathon?-Michael.Hes always _ first to reach the line.A.the;the B./;/C.the;/D./;theD2021/8/11 星期三65体验高考（）4.I know you dont like _ music very much.But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday A.the;the B./;/C.the;/D./;theD2021/8/11 星期三66体验高考（

25、）5.Of the two sisters,Betty is _ one,and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.A.a younger B.a youngestC.the younger D.the youngest 2006全国高考C2021/8/11 星期三67冠词特殊用法1Success is the mother of failure.The policy is really a success.归纳：抽象名词具体化：抽象名词具体化：a heavy rain/snow a surprise an unforgettable expe

26、rience 表示一表示一般概念般概念2021/8/11 星期三68冠词特殊用法2 We should make room for him.归纳：nature,space,room（空间）（空间）,man（人（人类）类）,word（消息）（消息）等前不用冠词等前不用冠词2021/8/11 星期三69冠词特殊用法 take sb by the arm.hit sb in the face.Be red in the face.Be lame in the right legBe blind in the eye.归纳：句型句型“动词动词sb介词介词+the身体某一身体某一部位部位”2021/8/

27、11 星期三70冠词特殊用法4 exactly the same color just the right place half the story double the amount 归纳：如名词前有如名词前有exactly,just,half,double,twice,all,both等修饰时，定冠词等修饰时，定冠词the要要放在这些词后面放在这些词后面2021/8/11 星期三71冠词特殊用法 by _bike=on _ bike.=ride _ bike 归纳：by+交通工具交通工具/aa2021/8/11 星期三72冠词特殊用法6 Her new book is _ collecti

28、on of short stories.She has a good knowledge of Enghlish.归纳：有些不可数名词如有些不可数名词如knowledge,collection,understanding 等是由其动词等是由其动词转化而来，它们后面加转化而来，它们后面加of 短语时前面需短语时前面需用用a/ana2021/8/11 星期三73冠词特殊用法 The knife and fork _ too small for me.The knife and the fork _ too small for me.归纳：只有一个冠词表示一套事物或同一人只有一个冠词表示一套事物或同

29、一人;两个冠词则表示两个不同事物或人两个冠词则表示两个不同事物或人 isare He raises a black and a white cat.He raises a black and white cat.2021/8/11 星期三74冠词特殊用法 归纳：表方位的名词前用定冠词表方位的名词前用定冠词作副词时不用定冠词作副词时不用定冠词It is reported that a bus went out of control on a highway south of the city last night.To the north of the capital city lies the

30、 Yellow River.North2021/8/11 星期三75冠词特殊用法 归纳：as/though 尽管，虽然名词作表语时尽管，虽然名词作表语时要提前到前面且省略冠词要提前到前面且省略冠词A hero as he is,he has some shortcoming.Though he was a diligent student,he didnt pass the exam.Diligent student though he was,he didnt pass the exam.2021/8/11 星期三76冠词特殊用法 归纳：特殊：特殊结构构quite a good girlra

31、ther a bad guyWhat a good girl(she is)!How good a girl(she is)!Such a bad guy that.so bad a guy that.2021/8/11 星期三77冠词特殊用法 归纳：纯不可数名不可数名词weather.fun.space.advice.word（消息）（消息）.progress.information.news永远不能与永远不能与a/an连用连用2021/8/11 星期三78冠词特殊用法12 归纳：*名词前有了代词就不用冠词名词前有了代词就不用冠词*当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省当两个或两个以上名词并用时，

32、常省去冠词去冠词My first friend is Evens.I cant write without pen or pencil.2021/8/11 星期三79China Beijing Universitythe university of Beijing.The Summer PalaceThe Changjiang River纯专有名词前不用冠词纯专有名词前不用冠词由普通名词构成的专有名词前要用冠词由普通名词构成的专有名词前要用冠词由纯专有名词开头的名词不用冠词由纯专有名词开头的名词不用冠词江河湖泊山脉海洋群岛海洋前要用定江河湖泊山脉海洋群岛海洋前要用定冠词冠词2021/8/11 星期三802021/8/11 星期三81