中考英语简单句的种基本类型新.pptx

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1、简单句（简单句（Simple Sentences）由一个主语由一个主语(或并列主语或并列主语)和一个和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。的句子。并列句并列句 (Compound Sentences)(Compound Sentences)由并列连词（and,but,or,so等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。复合句复合句 Complex SentencesComplex Sentences由一个主句和一个以上的从句构成的句子。英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了!-呵呵,就像俺这样:第1页/共2

2、3页Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧第2页/共23页简单句五种基本句型1.主语+谓语 S+V2.主语+系动词+表语S+V+P3.主语+谓语+宾语S+V+O4.主语+谓语+间宾+直宾S+V+INO+DO5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补S+V+O+OC第3页/共23页一个完整的简单句简单句按结构结构分 由“主语部分主语部分+谓语部分谓语部分”构成For example:The man is writing.(主语部分主语部分)(谓语部分谓语部分)第4页/共23页哲学上说:运动是绝对的静止是相对的造句的关键就在于动词一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词(除了省略句外)第5页/共23页动词

3、 连系动词主要动词 行为动词 助动词辅助动词 情态动词不及物动词 laugh/smile/look/listen及物动词 see/hear/drink/eatbe(is/am /are/was/were)do/does/didhave/has/hadwill/shall/be going to/can/may/must /shall/needcould/should/would/mighthave(has)to /had betterbe(is am are was were)/seem/keep是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound 看/感觉/尝/闻/

4、听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow 变得第6页/共23页连系动词be(is am are was were)/seem/keep/是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound/看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow/变得表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说:连系动词后面的就是表语!He is a boy.She is a girl.They are students.They are good.He lo

5、oks/seems ill.The apple tastes nice.Trees turn green.Your idea sounds good.主语 连系动词 表语第7页/共23页连系连系动词动词主主系系表表结构结构（SVP）=主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语Miss liangis a good teacher.The movie is interesting/wonderful.He feels hungry.The flower looks beautiful.第8页/共23页主语SubjectSubject:表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。也就是动作的发出者。一般由

6、名词、代词或相当于名词、代词的词或短语等充当。谓语PredicatePredicate:说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。也就是做了什么行为动作或处于什么状态。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用动词。宾语ObjectObject:表示动作、行为的对象。也就是动作的接受者。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。狗 咬 人 。主语The dog The dog 谓语bites bites 宾语a mana man 人 跑。主语The man 谓语 is running.第9页/共23页及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词:see/hear/drink/eat/I saw him las

7、t week.We heard the bad news yesterday.They eat bread every day.He drank a glass of milk just now.不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词:laugh/smile/look/listen/She smiled happily.They laughed loudly.如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助:She look at the blackboard carefully.He listened to his teacher in class.They laughed at us after the

8、 match.什么是及物动词(vt)和不及物动词(vi)呢?第10页/共23页The boy is fishing.The girl dances well.The duck is swimming.The woman walks slowly.主主谓谓结构结构（SV）=主语主语+谓语动词谓语动词不及物不及物动词动词第11页/共23页Xudonglikes playingbasketball.Wubin plays computer games every day.Xianwenplayed soccer yesterday.Littlepigis playing the guitarnow.

9、及物及物动词动词主主谓谓宾宾结构结构（SVO）=主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语第12页/共23页有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：他们在放风筝。They are flying the kites.风筝在天上飞。The kites are flying in the sky.第13页/共23页Santa Claus gave me a present.MissXieteaches us.Miss Xie teaches English.Miss Xie teaches us English.She told me a story.及物及物动词动词主主谓谓双宾双宾结构结构（S

10、VInODO）=主语主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语第14页/共23页可以用于这种句式的动词主要有 (A)buy/build/choose/cook/make/draw He bought me a new bike.也可以改为for sb 的句式 He bought a new bike for me.(B)give/take/send/bring/show/write/sell/lend/pass/return/offer/readShe lent me a book.也可以改为 to sb的句式 She lent a book to me.(c)borrow/get也可

11、以改为from sb的句式 She borrowed a book from me yesterday.第15页/共23页主主谓谓宾宾宾补宾补结构结构（SVOOC）=主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语的补足语宾语的补足语He told me to clean my room.I saw her dancing.Miss liangasks us to read English every day.及物及物动词动词第16页/共23页可以用于这种句式的动词主要有let/make sb.do sth.ask/tell/want/allow/wish/sb.to do sth.expect/encou

12、rage/invite/teach find/see/hear/watch/notice/feel sb.do sth.sb.doing sth.help sb.(to)do sth.第17页/共23页_句句 Xiaoxuan is a very good girl._句:They laughed.The kites fly in the sky._句:Guannan bought a new bike.Wenkui plays volleyball._句:She told me a story.Xinjia gave me a good book._句:He asked me to help

13、 him.Tianlong made me happy.蛮简单的哦蛮简单的哦!Let me try!Let me try!(主语)(连系动词)(表语)(主语)(谓语动词)(主语)(谓语动词)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾补)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾补)主系表主谓主谓宾主谓宾宾主谓宾宾补第18页/共23页The boy is asleep.The boy is sleeping.主谓宾主谓The boy is playing the guitar.His mu

14、sic is very beautiful.It is beautiful music.主系表He is playing happily.判断这些句子的类型并理解be动词的双重身份（连系动词助动词）第19页/共23页 Everything goes well.we exercise every day.we are sitting now.You are listening carefully.You are listening to me carefully.we are having an English class.I teach you English.last week I boug

15、ht a gift for my son.I will write a letter to you.we should keep our classroom clean every day.I know a little girl called Lily.we find it difficult to learn English.we felt very excited today.Trees are green.第20页/共23页 Everything goes well.we exercise every day.we are sitting now.you are listening c

16、arefully._主谓句主谓句you are listening to me carefully.we are having an English class._主谓宾句主谓宾句 I teach you English.last week I bought a gift for my son I will write a letter to you._主谓宾宾句主谓宾宾句we should keep our class room clean every day I know a little girl called Lily(13)we find it difficult to learn English_主谓宾宾补句主谓宾宾补句 we felt very excited today.Trees are green._主系表句主系表句第21页/共23页 第22页/共23页Thanks！第23页/共23页