M3Unit1Grammar&usage.ppt

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1、Unit 1 The world of our senses(I)Revision,analysis&summary Try to find the Noun clauses in the text page2,3 and tell their function.1.At lunch,the radio forecast that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.2.She wondered if the buses would still be running.3.The truth is that it is too f

2、oggy for the bus to run that far.4.She had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat.Object clauseObject clausePredictive clauseAppositive clause在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses(Noun Clauses）。）。名词从句的功能相当于名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表

3、语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句主语从句、宾语从句宾语从句、表语从句表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句。名词从句名词从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词His job is important.What he does is important.subjectPreparatory subject It was good news that everyone got back safely.predictiveThis is his job.T

4、his is what he does every day.I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.objectI dont know about the man,Mr.White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.appositive We all thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.Preparatory object We use that,if/whether or a question w

5、ord to begin a noun clause 1.I hope that Polly will be Ok.2.No one knew if/whether he had finished the task in time.3.She couldnt imagine how the blind man had found her.Practice I)SB Page 9 Underline all the noun clauses you can find in the passage.II)WB Page 92 C1 Homework I)Preview SB Page10 Fini

6、sh Part A&B II)WB Page92 C2Unit 1 The world of our senses(II)名词性从句名词性从句 Noun clause 主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句object clause 表语从句表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clause名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序（1 1）名词性从句构成有两种名词性从句构成有两种a.That+陈述句陈述句That light travels in straight lines is k

7、nown to all.b.疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分This is what we are looking for.(2)(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句陈述句 语序语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。，不能用一般疑问句语序。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle.()How he was successful is still a puzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where

8、he lives?()Could you tell me where does he live?()FTTFthat/what1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.I have no doubt _ he will come.6.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatthatwhat二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性

9、从句连接词的选用（1）that 和和what 的选用的选用 that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中中充当成分充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而而that在名词性从句中在名词性从句中不充当任何成分不充当任何成分，只起连，只起连接作用。接作用。if/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on

10、 the weather.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.6.The question is _ he should do it.if/whetherWhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhether(2)if 和和whether 的选用的选用 不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况：a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.whether

11、 to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do.g.whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时连在一起引导宾语从句时 不用不用if.1.我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.2.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.3.我不知道他为什么去那里。我不知道他为什么去那里。I dont know _ he came there.4.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是

12、我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenwhowhywhere(3)(3)其它连接代词和副词的连用其它连接代词和副词的连用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的正确的选择选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。that/(that)1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made

13、such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that(4)引导词引导词that 的省略的省略that 可可省省略略的的情情况况：单单个

14、个及及物物动动词词后后宾宾语语从从句句中的中的that可省略可省略that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句d.用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的 引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略1.I have no idea _ he comes from.2.He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlie

15、r and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5.I have some doubt _ he will win.that/whether/where/howwherehowthatthatwhether三、同位语从句的引导和辨别三、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词连接词+从句从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea,news,information,order,belief,suggestion,advice等等.3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that

16、,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用 whether,what,when,where 等来引等来引 导同位语从句。导同位语从句。同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.定语从句定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分充当一个句子成分，充，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。当从句的宾语成分时可省略。2.同位语从句同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语和说明，表

17、明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的从句的that在同位语从句中在同位语从句中不做任何成分不做任何成分,只起只起连接作用连接作用,无具体含义无具体含义,且不可省略且不可省略.1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2.We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.3.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.4

18、.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.Attributive or Appositive ATAPAPAT宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句的时态呼应1.如果主句时态是如果主句时态是现在时或将来时现在时或将来时,从句谓语从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态任一种时态.a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.He believes _ _.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Please tell me _ _.his dream

19、 will come true some day what you were doing at this time yesterday2.如果主句谓语是如果主句谓语是过去时过去时,从句谓语动词一般用从句谓语动词一般用过过 去的某种时态去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。He told me _ _.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。The teacher told us _ _.he was preparing for the examination light travels in a straight line Practice I)SB Page 11 Part A&B II)WB Page 92 C2How to judge a clause:学习名从要知道；学习名从要知道；及物动词最重要；及物动词最重要；动词之前叫主从；动词之前叫主从；动词之后是宾从。动词之后是宾从。系动词也贼重要；系动词也贼重要；它的后面跟表从；它的后面跟表从；千万不能忘介词；千万不能忘介词；它的殿后亦宾从。它的殿后亦宾从。HomeworkPreview Task,SB Page12-17.