限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句.pptx

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1、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。第1页/共30页 The man who came here yesterday has come again.关系副词关系副词when和和why用于引导限制性定语从用于引导限制性定语从句时，在口语和非正式文体中可以省去，但是句时，在口语和非正式文体中可以省去，但是where通常不可以省去。如：通常不可以省去。如：a.Be sure to call on us next time(when)you come

2、to town.b.This is one of the reasons(why)you may like to eat it.第2页/共30页 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：如：a.Abraham Lincoln,who led the United States through these years,was murdered on April 14,1865

3、.b.He sent a special governor,a man named Gessler,who would rule with a firm hand.第3页/共30页 c.He lives in another town,which is only about an hours ride from here.d.Soon they arrived at a farmhouse,in front of which sat a small boy.e.They set up a separate state of their own,where they would be free

4、to keep Negroes as slaves.注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用，指人时用who(主语主语),whom(宾语宾语)，指物时须用，指物时须用which.第4页/共30页限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 形式上形式上 不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上译法上 译成先行词的定语：“的”通常译成主句的并列句。关系词关系词的使用的使

5、用上上 A作宾语时可省略B可用thatC可用who 代替whom A不可省略B不用thatC不可用who 代替whom 第5页/共30页Practice A请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，那些是非限制性定语从句：1.The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.2.His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him.3.China is a country which has a long history.4.China,which w

6、as founded in 1949,is becoming more and more powerful.第6页/共30页Practice B区分下列几组句子的不同含义：1.Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.Her brother,who is now a soldier,always encourages her to go to college.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（意含：她还有其他哥哥。）她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。（意含：她只有一个哥哥。）第7页/共30页

7、All the books that have pictures in them are well written.All the books,which have pictures in them,are well written.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。（意含：不带插图的书则不一定写得好。）所有的书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。（意含：没有不带插图的书。）第8页/共30页Exercises A 1、All_ is useful to us is good.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC解析：定语从句中的先行词为all,none等词时，关系代词必须用that,

8、而不是which.故选C。第9页/共30页2、Is this factory _ we visited last week.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、the oneD解析：解析：this factorythis factory容易被学生错容易被学生错误地混为先行词，其实这是误地混为先行词，其实这是This This factoryfactory是句子的主语而不是先行是句子的主语而不是先行词。所以选择词。所以选择D.The one D.The one 中的中的oneone 指代的是指代的是factory,factory,作定语从句的作定语从句的先行词。先行词。第10页/共30页

9、4、This is the school _ my father worked 20 years ago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD解析：题中的解析：题中的the schoolthe school是定语是定语从句的先行词。从句的先行词。in+which=in+which=where,where,因此选因此选D.D.试比较：试比较：This school is _ This school is _ my father worked 20 years my father worked 20 years ago.ago.A.where B.the one wherewhe

10、re B.the one whereC.that D.the one whichC.that D.the one whichB第11页/共30页3、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC解析：解析：the daythe day是定语从句的先是定语从句的先行词，行词，she spent in Beijingshe spent in Beijing中中的动词的动词spentspent是个及物动词，后是个及物动词，后接宾语，接宾语，the day the day 作动词作动词spent

11、spent的宾语。因此选的宾语。因此选C.C.第12页/共30页5、This is the factory_we visited last year.A、thatB、in whichC、whatD、the oneA解析：解析：the factorythe factory是定语从是定语从句的先行词句的先行词,用作宾语；用作宾语；从句从句we visited last yearwe visited last year中中visitvisit是个及物动词，后是个及物动词，后接宾语，因此选接宾语，因此选A.A.第13页/共30页6、The text is one of the most interes

12、ting stories_learnt in the past three days.A、that haveB、that have beenC、which hasD、which has beenB解析：解析：storiesstories是定语是定语从句的先行词从句的先行词,同同时时storiesstories被最高被最高级所修饰，因此选级所修饰，因此选B.B.第14页/共30页1、The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、whoB、whoseC、of whomD、whichBExercises B第15页/共30页1、Let me th

13、ink of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA第16页/共30页2、The man _ you are talking is in the next room.A、to whomB、about whomC、about whoD、whomB第17页/共30页3、I dont like the way _ he spoke to me.A、by thatB、whatC、by whichD、/D第18页/共30页4、I，_ you good friend,will try my

14、best to help you out.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am D第19页/共30页5、This is the only thing _ I can do now.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC第20页/共30页6、Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.A、whoB、who wantC、what wantsD、wantB第21页/共30页7、His walking stick,_ he cant walk,was lost yesterday.A、t

15、hatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD第22页/共30页8、They have decided to finish their work,_,I think is a wise choice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC第23页/共30页9、This is the reason _ he told me.A、thatB、whyC、on whichD、for thatA第24页/共30页10、This is the last factory _ he used to work at,many workers of _ still

16、 have a good relationship with him.A、that;itB、which;whomC、that;whichD、which;thatC第25页/共30页11、There are three libraries in our school,_ were built five years ago.A、all of themB、either of themC、all of whichD、both of thatC第26页/共30页12、He told me the reason _ he didnt come here.A、whichB、thatC、whyD、whatC第27页/共30页13、Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?A、whichB、thatC、whatD、asB第28页/共30页中央电教馆资源中心制作2004、1第29页/共30页谢谢您的观看！第30页/共30页